I'd like to bring your attention to the following points:

Translate into English:

20. Buddho dhamma.m bhaasati, sappurisaa Buddhamhi pasiidanti.
The Buddha speaks the doctrine, virtuous/good men are pleased
with the Buddha.

- The word 'pasiidanti' (are pleased with) governs the locative case.
See item 601(vii) Words signifying "... delighting in..." govern the
Loc.

28. Sappuriso naavikena saha samuddamhaa uttarati.
The good man comes out of the sea with the sailor.

- The word 'uttarati' (comes out of) implies separation, therefore
'samudda' (sea) is in the ablative case.

Translate into Paali:

13. The doctor brings a garment to the teacher's house.
Vejjo aacariyassa nivaasa.m saa.taka.m aaharati.

- Notice here that two words, 'garment' and 'house', are in the
accusative case. See item 598(iii) Verbs having the meaning of, to
choose to name, to call, to appoint, to ask, to make, to know, to
consider, etc. take two accusatives, one a direct object and the
other a factitive or indirect object.

21. Deities are pleased with the Buddha's disciples.
Devaa Buddhassa saavakesu pasiidanti.

- Similar to no. 20 above.

27. Deities go through the sky.
Devaa aakaasena gacchanti.

- Note the word 'through' expresses the instrumental case. See item
599(ii) The Inst. can therefore be translated by such expressions as:
by means of; on account of; through; by reason of; owing to.

Please refer to Charles Duroiselle's Grammar for further explanations:
http://www.tipitaka.net/pali/grammar/chpt14.htm