[ Abbreviations ]
nom. - nominative case
acc. - accusative case
ins. - instrumental case
abl. - ablative case
dat. - dative case
gen. - genitive case
loc. - locative case
sing. - singular
plur. - plural
indec. - indeclinable
Exercise 7:
Translate into English:
1. Braahma.no sahaayakena saddhi.m rathamhi nisiidati.
braahma.no = brahmin (nom.)
sahaayakena = friend (ins.)
saddhi.m = with (indec.)
rathamhi = vehicle (loc.)
nisiidati = sits
Ans: The brahmin sits in the vehicle/chariot with his friend.
2. Asappurisaa corehi saha gaamesu caranti.
asappurisaa = wicked men (nom.)
corehi = thieves (ins.)
saha = with (indec.)
gaamesu = villages (loc.)
caranti = walk
Ans: Wicked men walk/move about in villages with thieves.
3. Vaa.nijo kassakassa nivaase bhatta.m pacati.
vaa.nijo = merchant (nom.)
kassakassa = farmer's (gen.)
nivaase = house (loc.)
bhatta.m = rice (acc.)
pacati = cooks
Ans: The merchant cooks rice in the farmer's house.
4. Bhuupaalassa amaccaa diipesu manusse rakkhanti.
bhuupaalassa = king's (gen.)
amaccaa = ministers (nom.)
diipesu = islands (loc.)
manusse = men (acc.)
rakkhanti = protect
Ans: The king's ministers protect the men in the islands.
5. Sugatassa saavakaa vihaarasmi.m vasanti.
Sugatassa = Buddha's (gen.)
saavakaa = disciples (nom.)
vihaarasmi.m = monastery (loc.)
vasanti = live
Ans: Buddha's disciples live in the monastery.
6. Makka.to rukkhamhaa aavaa.tasmi.m patati.
makka.to = monkey (nom.)
rukkhamhaa = tree (abl.)
aavaa.tasmi.m = pit (loc.)
patati = falls
Ans: The monkey falls from the tree into the pit.
7. Suriyassa aaloko samuddamhi patati.
suriyassa = sun's (gen.)
aaloko = light (nom.)
samuddamhi = sea (loc.)
patati = falls
Ans: The sun's light falls on the sea.
8. Kassakaana.m go.naa gaame aahi.n.danti.
kassakaana.m = farmers' (gen.)
go.naa = oxen (nom.)
gaame = village (loc.)
aahi.n.danti = wander
Ans: Farmers' oxen wander in the village.
9. Vejjassa daarako ma~ncasmi.m sayati.
vejjassa = doctor's (gen.)
daarako = child (nom.)
ma~ncasmi.m = bed (loc.)
sayati = sleeps
Ans: The doctor's child sleeps on the bed.
10. Dhiivaraa samuddamhaa pi.takesu macche aaharanti.
Ans: Fishermen bring fish, in baskets, from the sea.
11. Siiho paasaa.nasmi.m ti.t.thati, makka.taa rukkhesu caranti.
Ans: The lion stands on the rock, monkeys walk/move on trees.
12. Bhuupaalassa duuto amaccena saddhi.m samudda.m tarati.
Ans: The king's messenger crosses the sea with the minister.
13. Manussaa loke jiivanti, devaa sagge vasanti.
Ans: People live in the world, deities live in heaven.
14. Migaa pabbatesu dhaavanti, saku.naa aakaase uppatanti.
Ans: Deer (plur.) run in the mountains, birds fly in the sky.
15. Amacco khagga.m bhuupaalassa hatthamhaa aadadaati.
Ans: The minister takes the sword from the king's hand.
16. Aacariyo maatulassa nivaase ma~ncamhi puttena saha nisiidati.
Ans: The teacher sits with his son on a bed in uncle's house.
17. Hermits dwell in the mountain.
18. Lay devotees assemble n the monastery with monks.
19. Crows fly from trees.
20. The Buddha speaks the doctrine, virtuous/good men are pleased
with the Buddha.
21. The wicked man hits the sailor's messenger with a sword.
22. The man shoots the bird with an arrow, the bird falls into the
pit from the tree.
23. Men see the world by the sun's light.
24. The farmer's oxen sleep on the road.
25. The crows stand on the bull's body.
26. Deer (plur.) sit on the rocks in the island.
27. The bird falls into a pit from the sailor's hand.
28. The good man comes out of the sea with the sailor.
29. The hoe falls from the hunter's hand into the pit.
30. The moon shines by the light of the sun.
Translate into Paali:
1. The lion stands on the rock in the mountain.
Ans: Siiho paasaa.nasmi.m pabbatamhi ti.t.thati.
2. Thieves enter the house of the teacher.
Ans: Coraa aacariyassa nivaasa.m pavisanti.
3. Children run from the road to the sea with friends.
Ans: Daarakaa mittehi saha maggasmaa samudda.m dhaavanti.