A Quick Glance

This lesson covers the following topic:

Instrumental Case (Masc-a nouns)
Terminations:
Singular: + ena
Plural: + ehi, + ebhi


Exercise 3:

Translate into English:

1. Buddho saavakehi saddhi.m vihaara.m gacchati.
Buddho = Buddha (nominative)
saavakehi = disciples (instrumental)
saddhi.m = with (indeclinable)
vihaara.m = monastery (accusative)
gacchati = goes
Ans: The Buddha goes to the monastery with his disciples.

2. Puriso puttena saha diipa.m dhaavati.
puriso = man (nominative)
puttena = son (instrumental)
saha = with (indeclinable)
diipa.m = island (accusative)
dhaavati = runs
Ans: The man runs to the island with his son.

3. Kassako sarena sigaala.m vijjhati.
kassako = farmer (nominative)
sarena = arrow (instrumental)
sigaala.m = jackal (accusative)
vijjhati = shoots
Ans: The farmer shoots the jackal with an arrow.

4. Braahma.naa maatulena saha pabbata.m aaruhanti.
braahma.naa = brahmins (nominative)
maatulena = uncle (instrumental)
saha = with (indeclinable)
pabbata.m = mountain (accusative)
aaruhanti = climb
Ans: Brahmins climb the mountain with uncle.

5. Puttaa paadehi kukkure paharanti.
puttaa = sons (nominative)
paadehi = feet (instrumental)
kukkure = dogs (accusative)
paharanti = hit
Ans: Sons hit/kick dogs with their feet.

6. Maatulo puttehi saddhi.m rathena gaama.m aagacchati.
Ans: The uncle, together with his sons, comes to the village by a
chariot.

7. Kumaaraa hatthehi patte aaharanti.
Ans: Boys bring bowls with their hands.

8. Coro maggena assa.m harati.
Ans: The thief/robber takes the horse away along the path/road.

9. Kassako aavaa.ta.m oruhati.
Ans: The farmer descends into/gets down to the pit.

10. Kings see monks with/accompanied by wise men.
11. The wise man worships the Buddha with the king.
12. Sons eat/enjoy (a meal of) rice with a friend.
13. The merchant hits a deer with a stone.
14. Dogs dig pits with their feet.
15. The brahmin worships the sun with his son.
16. The farmer protects trees with the dogs.
17. The Buddha comes to the monastery with his disciples.
18. The beggar brings rice in a bowl.
19. Wise men go to heaven.
20. Boys run to the village with their horses.
21. The thief hits the man with a sword.
22. The merchant brings lamps by cart.
23. Horses run along the road.
24. Jackals run to the mountain with deer (plural).
25. The king protects the people with the wise man.

Translate into Paali:

1. The recluse sees the Buddha with his friend.
Ans: Sama.no mittena saha Buddha.m passati.

2. Disciples go to the monastery with the Buddha.
Ans: Saavakaa Buddhena saddhi.m vihaara.m gacchanti.

3. The horse runs to the mountain with the dogs.
Ans: Asso kukkurehi saha pabbata.m dhaavati.

4. Kumaaro paasaa.nena diipa.m paharati.
5. Vaa.nijaa sarehi mige vijjhanti.
6. Kassakaa hatthehi aavaa.te kha.nanti.
7. Kumaaraa maatulena saha rathena vihaara.m gacchanti.
8. Braahma.no sahaayena saha bhatta.m pacati.
9. Bhuupaalo pa.n.ditehi saha diipa.m rakkhati.
10. Bhuupaalaa puttehi saha sama.ne vandanti.
11. Coraa asse diipa.m aaharanti.
12. Saavakaa narehi saha pabbate aaruhanti.
13. Vaa.nijaa kassakehi saha rukkhe chindanti.
14. Yaacako mittena saha aavaa.ta.m kha.nati.
15. Braahma.no maatulehi saha canda.m passati.
16. Coro khaggena assa.m paharati.
17. Putto pattena odana.m aaharati.
18. Kumaaraa so.nehi saha pabbata.m dhaavanti.
19. Vaa.nijaa kassakehi saha saka.tehi gaama.m aagacchanti.
20. Maatulaa puttehi saha rathehi vihaara.m aagacchanti.
21. Sigaalaa maggena pabbata.m dhaavanti.
22. Kukkuraa paadehi aavaa.te kha.nanti.
23. Naro hatthena kakaca.m harati.
24. Sama.naa sagga.m gacchanti.
25. Buddho saavakehi saha gaama.m aaggacchati.