----- Özgün İleti -----
Gönderme tarihi: Friday, December 19, 2003 6:26 AM
Konu: [htr_ling] "YOU ASKED FOR TURKISH TRACES"
"YOU ASKED FOR TURKISH TRACES"
Dear Akhilesh
Pillalamarri,
I thank you for your kind and supportive comments. I
appreciated them.
Your scholarly questions are valid ones and they need to be
answered
with care. That is why I have taken time in responding.
Scholars like
yourself who show keen understanding in what I have written
deserve my
attention. Hovever those who use put-down comments, simply
because
what I say is contrary to their convictions will not get my
attention.
1. First of all, you say that:
>
However, my objection is to the fact that the Turks actually appear
> near
Greece (in Antolia, where they replaced the Greek-speakers).
> around
1050-1100 A.D. while the Mycerian civilization was between
> 1400-1200
B.C.
Polat Kaya: Your statement "Turks actually appear near Greece
(in
Antolia, where they replaced the Greek-speakers) around
1050-1100
A.D." actually represents only part of the picture and not all of
the
picture of the ancient world. In my paper when I pointed out
that
that the so-called "GILGAMESH" epic was in fact named as
"BILGAMESH"
originally, the Turkish Language was there. The meaning of
this is
that Turkish speaking people, whether under the name Tur,
Turk,
Turukku, Sumer, Ki-en-gi or by any other Turkic name, were there
and
were using their language in naming the oldest known epic story,
i.e.,
"BILGAMESH" that was intentionally changed to GILGAMESH later.
Thus,
this ancient epic story's connection with the ancient Turks
and
Turkish language was intentionally cut off. The presence of
a
language at a time and a place indicates the presence of those
people
who spoke that language. The BILGAMESH epic was composed at least
some
six thousand years ago. The earliest that Greeks can be located
is
about the beginning of the second millennium B.C. Thus, the
appearance
of Greeks in history is much more recent a phenomena than
the spread
of Tur/Turk peoples.
Encyclopaedia Britannica notes,
although hesitatingly, that the
Turanians antedated the Aryans in Asia and
Europe. This is the fact
of the matter. Yet historians make no mention
of this fact as if the
Turanians never existed. As I mentioned in my paper,
the Sumerians,
Masarians, Minoans, Thracians, Trojans, Lidians, Phrygians,
Pelasgian,
Hurrians, Mitannies, Kanaans Turukkus, Kassites, and many more
were
Turkish speaking Tur peoples contrary to misinformation that have
been
fed to readers at large. This is why GENESIS 11 says that the
world
spoke one language. Thus, the first appearance of the Tur/Turk
people
in the Middle East and Anatolia cannot be around 1050-1100 A.D. as
is
misleadingly stated.
The Turkish movements from Central Asia that
took place at around
1050-1100 AD is just the latest of many ancient
movements of the
Turkish peoples into all directions of Asia, Europe, Middle
East and
North Africa. Modern history tries to present the events of 1050
to
1100 AD as the earliest known traces of Turks, but this is done
purely
for political reasons. This does not mean that Tur/Turk peoples
were
not in the Middle East before this event.
When we recognize the
ancient world in this light, then we find that
those who created the
so-called Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations at
1450 B.C. or earlier were in
fact the Turkic speaking Tur/Turk
peoples. The so-called Trojan wars between
the Greeks and the Trojans
are nothing but the ancient wars between Tur/Turk
Trojans of Troy and
the Hellenes. The very fact that the name TROY contains
the Turkish
words "TUR" and "ÖY" is an indication that Troy was the home
of
Tur/Turks peoples. The name TROY is an anagram of Turkish
"TUR-ÖY"
meaning "Home of Tur" or "Tur home". The so-called "PELASGIANS"
were
the native Tur/Turk people of the Aegean Sea area and Thracia
before
the Greeks arrived at what is presently called "Greece", that is,
the
ancient "Ay-Han-istan" (Yunanistan) of the so-called
Ionians
(Ay-Hans). The Lemnos Island inscription is written in Turkish
and is
a verification of this fact.
http://www.compmorenet/~tntr/lemstelea.html
Thus
it must be realized that Turkish - Greek contact does not take
place at year
1050-1100 as we are all led to believe, but rather far
earlier. This
suppresion of the ancient Tut/Turk civilization is done
because of the fact
that this ancient Turanian civilization has been
usurped (looted).
Before the introduction of Judeo-Christianity, the ancient
Tur/Turk
world was very widely spread all over the Middle East, North
Africa
and Europe since very ancient times as the archaeological
findings
indicate. With the introduction of Judeo-Christianity the
ancient
Turanian religion and along with it the Turkish language
were
diligently obliterated and all the ties of Tur/Turk peoples to
their
ancient world was wiped away. Modern history does not want
to
remember this ancient Turkic world because Judeo-Christian
religious
books were used as the source for ancient history.
Judeo-Christianity
holybooks tell their believers that they should not
believe anything
that happened before their time. They even reset the
reference
starting point to Year 0 some two thousand years ago implying
that
there was no history worth knowing before Judeo-Christianity.
The
believers are forced and/or induced to forget previous
times
altogether. And forget they did. Those who schemed to bury
that
ancient Turanian civilization in the first place will not help
to
bring it back.
Just before this response to your letter, I put out
a paper entitled
"The Riddle of DIOGENES" in the internet forum
called
historical_linguistics. You could read it, if you wish, at
this
address:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/historical_linguistics/message/383
It would answer some of your questions.
The earlier Tur/Turk
world of Anatolia was wiped away particularly
after the military conquests of
Alexander the Great and by the Greek
states that were established in Anatolia
and the Middle East and
finally by the so-called Byzantium
Empire.
After the introduction of Judeo-Christianity, the ancient
Turanian
religious civilization and the Turkish language were subjected
to
extensive hostile activities. The world-wide Turanian religion
was
termed as "paganism" or "idol worshipping", animism, shamanism,
etc.
yet the new religions took all their tenets from this
ancient
religion. In the process, the ancient Turkish world has been
subjected
to all kinds of division, extinction, forceful removal
and
assimilation. Present day Turks have been alienated from their
very
ancient roots almost completely. As I explained in my
previous
papers, when the Turkic world was around almost everywhere, with
their
universal Sun-God, Moon-Good, and Sky-Father-God trinity
religion,
neither the Greeks nor the so-called "Indo-Europeans" were around.
Anatolia before Alexander the Great was full of Turkish
speaking
Tur/Turk peoples. After the invasion of Anatolia and the rest
of the
Middle East by Alexander the Great, a wholesale Hellenization
and
obliteration of the ancient Turkish world took place. After
the
introduction of Judeo-Christianity, the obliteration of this
ancient
Turanian world was completed until the new waves of Turks (1050
-
1100 AD) started coming again.
Even the so-called term
"Mediterranean Sea" is very much an anagram of
Turkic "MEDE TURANIAN SU"
(METE TURANIAN SU) meaning "The Sea of the
Mata/Mete Turanians" or "Sea of
Turanian peoples". Mete is one Turkish
name of the ancient Turanian trinity
Sky-God. Different versions of
this name were used by ancient kings and
peoples as titles identifying
their affinity to the ancient Turanians and
their religion.
2. You asked:
> Please explain, though in
my
> understanding the first "Turks" were assimilated into Greek
culture
> very early on; but there should be a trace of their journey
from
> central asia at least.
Polat Kaya: Movements of Tur/Turk
peoples from Central Asia did not
occur at one time, but rather was spread
over a very wide time span
since the ending of the last Ice Age in
Europe. Such movements
antedate many times over the so-called B.C.
reference set about 2000
years ago. With respect to the trace of Turanian
Turkish peoples, I
will highlight a few but very important traces.
First about the
ancient Greeks.
Referring to Thucydides's writings,
Hendrik Willem van Loon writes the
following about the early Greeks:
[1]
"Of these early hellenes we know nothing. Thucydides, the historian
of
the fall of Athens, describing his earliest ancestors, said that
they
"did not amount to very much," and this was probably true. They
were
very ill-mannered. They lived like pigs and threw the bodies of
their
enemies to the wild dogs who guarded their sheep. They had
very
little respect for other people's rights, and they killed the
natives
of the Greek peninsula (who were called the Pelasgians) and
stole
their farms and took their cattle and made their wives and
daughters
slaves and wrote endless songs praising the courage of the clan of
the
Achaeans, who had led the Hellenic advance-guard into the mountains
of
Thessaly and the Peloponnesus.
But here and there, on the tops of
high rock, they saw the castles of
the Aegeans and those they did not attack
for they feared the metal
swords and the spears of the Aegean soldiers and
knew that they could
not hope to defeat them with their clumsy stone
axes.
For many centuries they continued to wander from valley to valley
and
from mountain side to mountain side. Then the whole land had
been
occupied and the migration had come to an end.
That moment was
the beginning of the Greek civilization. The Greek
farmer, living
within sight of the Aegean colonies, was finally driven
by curiosity to visit
his haughty neighbors. He discovered that he
could learn many useful
things from the men who dwelt behind the high
stone walls of Mycenae and
Tiryns.
He was a clever pupil. Within a short time he mastered the
art of
handling those strange iron weapons which the Aegeans had brought
from
Babylon and from Thebes. He came to understand the mysteries
of
navigation. He began to build little boats for his own
use.
And when he learned everything the Aegeans could teach him he
turned
upon his teachers and drove them back to their islands.
Soon
afterwards he ventured forth upon the sea and conquered all the
cities
of the Aegean. Finally in the fifteenth century before our era
he
plundered and ravaged Cnossus and ten centuries after their
first
appearance upon the scene the Hellenes were the undisputed rulers
of
Greece, of the Aegean and of the coastal regiones of Asia Minor.
Troy,
was destroyed in the eleventh century B. C. European history
was to
begin in all seriousness."
Similarly, the Encyclopaedia Britanniaca
writes the following about
the Aegean Civilization: [2]
"Aegean
civilization is a general term for the prehistoric Bronze Age
cultures of the
area around the Aegean Sea covering a period from c.
2500 B.C. or
earlier until c. 1100 B.C.,when iron begins to come into
general use
throughout the area. From the earliest times these
cultures fall
into four main geographical groups: (1) Crete, , (2)
Cycladic islands,
(3) the mainland of Greece, including Thessaly, and
(4) the Troad (the land
of Troy) in northwestern Asia Minor, together
with coasts of western Asia
Minor, the great coastal islands (Lemnos,
Lesbos, Chios, Samos) and
Macedonia. The cultures of this fourth
group have many affinities with
the early cultures of central and
southern Asia Minor and are really more
allied to them than to the
other cultures of the Aegean area.
TRACE 1: This citing tells us that Greeks were not the
indigenous
people of so-called ancient "Greece". There were a native people
whom
Greeks called "Pelasgian" and these peaple had the knowledge and
the
capability of making "castles' at the top of high places which
were
most difficult to reach. These natives already had a highly
developed
civilization, religion and language of their own. However,
they were
subjected to constant hostility of the incoming Greeks. Boat
building
was much earlier a navigation technique used by the natives. It
was
not an invention of Greeks contrary to misinformation. They
learned
the technique from the native Pelasgians, i.e., ancient
Turkish
Ay-Hans and Gün-Hans of the area. The name AEGEAN is a
composite
word made up from the Turkish AY (moon) and GÜN (sun) words
embedded
in it from Turkish AY-Han and GÜN-Han names similar to many
other
Greek words that are made up from Turkish words and phrases.
Thus
words and names belonging to the Turkish language are the first
trace
indicating Turkish presence in ancient "Greece" or anywhere
else.
TRACE 2. "KURGANS":The "KURGAN" culture is Tur/Turk
culture. Burying
their dead in very elaborate underground chambers is
an ancient
Turanian culture. Archaeologists find "kurgans" all over
Asia and
Europe including ancient Greece and Anatolia and Middle East.
Even
the ziggurats and pyramids are architectural structures of
ancient
Turanians.
The KURGANS, also known as "tumulus", are truly
ancient Turkish and
Turanian culture contrary to attributing these ancient
artifacts to
all kinds of peoples. "KURGANs are found throughout Asia and
Europe
and Anatolia. The word "KURGAN" is a pure Turkish word having
the
meaning of "1. Fortification, castle, fortress. 2. Tomb,
mound,
tumulus." The word is most likely from Turkish "KORUGAN"
("KORUYAN")
meaning "that which protects". Ancient "kurgans" were the
perfectly
shaped conical "tombs" pointing to the "sky" and made to protect
the
dead persons body and all the other artifacts that were put in
his/her
chamber in order to help him/her in their after life.
"Kurgans" were another form of "tomb" like the famed "pyramids"
of
ancient Masar (MISIR) dedicated to the sky-god by kings and
rich
persons. They looked like an earthen pyramit from a distance.
They
are made with heaped stones and soil on the top of the chamber
that
contained the body and belongings of the dead person. The
name
"Kurgan" also hides away the name "KORGUN" meaning "FIERY SUN"
which
is a Turkish expression describing the Sun-God. The contents of
many
such ancient Turkic kurgans presently embellish many museums of
the
world. Most Kurgans have been robbed for the riches that
they
contained. Many "kurgans' are found in Euroasia, see map given
by
Mike Edwards and Sisse Brimberg. [3] Some of the most
famed
"kurgans" belonged to Phyrgian and Lydian kings in Anatolia.
These
have nothing to do with the so-called "Indo-European" peoples
contrary
to bogus claims by some European writers that they
are
"Indo-European".
Many similar but small sized conical tombs are
found in Eastern
Turkistan presently under China. The "pointiness" of many
Tur/Turk
structures is an ancient Turanian culture that relates to the
ancient
Turanian Sky-God. Even the tops of ancient Turkish KUMBETS,
another
tomb structure, are conical. The tops of Turkish minarets
are
conical. So these monuments are essentially dedicated to the
Sky-God.
It must be noted that even the so-called English term "TOMB" is
from
the Turkish word "TUM" meaning artificially made "heap of soil,
hill,
mound".
Thus those thousands of kurgans that are distributed
all over Asia,
Europe, Anatolia and other places are the traces that speak
in
concrete terms of the movements of ancient Turanian Tur/Turk
peoples.
TRACE 3. "ISTAN" name: One of the ancient traces of Turkic
peoples
are the toponyms given to land reference points where they
lived. The
word "TOPONYM" is said to be from Greek "topos" meaning
"place plus
"onyma" meaning name. This is rather misleading. The
so-called
"topos" is an anagram of Turkish word "tepe" meaning "hill"
and
"onyma" is an anagram of Turkish word "NAMI" meaning "its name".
Thus, even the source of the term "TOPONYM" is from a Turkish
expression,
i.e., "TEPE NAMU" meaning "the name of a hill" thus a
"place name".
Thus when we examine Greek words or names we find that
Turkish is embedded in
them. In other words, so-called "Greek" words
are actually Turkish words or
phrases that have been restructured to
camouflage their Turkish source
identity as I have shown with many
examples.
The fact that the
country presently called "Greece" is also called
"YUNANISTAN" in Turkish
indicates that this geographical area was an
"ISTAN" country in ancient
times. Greeks prefer to be called by the
name "Hellen" rather than
"Yunan" which is an altered form of "Ay-Han
(Ion). The name
"YUNANISTAN" is not a name left over from the recent
Ottoman times. Its roots
go way back to the times of ancient Ionians
who predated the Greeks. Thus the
Turkish name "ISTAN" is at the heart
of the name "YUNANISTAN". This is also
supported by other similar
names within the same geographical area, such as:
"MACARISTAN" for the
present Hungary, "BULGARISTAN" for Bulgaria and even
"LEHISTAN for
Poland.
The ancient city of CONSTANTIANA in
Souteast Romania is from the
ancient Turkish expression "KUNISTANTI HANA"
meaning "GÜNISTAN home
(place)". The Turkish word "HAN" while meaning
"Lord" also means
"palace" or "place" or "house" in the form "HANA"
(hane). The word
"Hana" or "hane" has nothing to do with "Persian"
although it is also
used in that language. The suffix "-A" at the end of
"HANA" is the
suffix of feminization from the masculine name "HAN". Another
name of
the city was "CONSTANTA" from Turkish "KUNISTANDI" meaning "it
is
GÜNISTAN".
The River DNIEPER in present Ukraine was called
"BORYSTHENES" in
ancient times. This name is an anagram of Turkish expression
"BIR-O
ISTAN-SU" meaning "water of ONE-God" which refers to the
ancient
Turanian SKY-FATHER-GOD. It could also be an anagram of
Turkish
expression "BÖRI-ISTAN-SU" (Gök-Böri-istan su", "Gök-Kurt-istan
su"
veya "Bozkurt-istan su") meaning "The water of Gray-Wolf-God" or
"Blue
Wolf-God". It is interesting to note that even at present there
is
the Turkish Bashkurtistan autonomous republic in Russia. These are
all
traces of ancient Turkish presence.
Even the country name
"ESTONIA" is a camouflaged form of Turkish
"ISTAN ÖYU".
The famed LAKE
of CONSTANCE in the ALP mountains between the frontier
of Germany, Austria
and Switzerland, gets its name from Turkish
"KUNISTANCI". Even the
so-called Indo-European name "LAKE" (LAC in
French, LOCH in Scottish) is an
anagram of Turkish "KÖL" (GÖL) meaning
"lake". Turkish "KÖL" (GÖL) read
backwards gives the names Lake, Lac
and Loch.
In the same area, the
country name AUSTRIA is an anagram of Turkish
expression "OUS TUR ÖYI" (OGUZ
TUR ÖYÜ) meaning "Home of Oguz
Turs/Turks".
The name ALP, as the name
of the famed ALP mountains, is from Turkish
"AL-aPa" meaning "red father"
referring to the name of the ancient
Turanian "Sun-God". The Turkish
word "ALP" also has the meanings of:
hero; brave; difficult to
overcome. So are the Alp mountains.
>From all of this, it is
seen that the so-called "Eastern Europe" must
have been another ancient
"TURKISTAN" where Turkish speaking
Tur/Turk peoples lived and named their
land in Turkish until the
so-called "Indo-Europeans" came and altered that
"ISTAN" picture of
ancient Europe. Evidently, Turkish "ISTAN" named countries
were so
wide spread that Greeks, after establishing themselves in the
area
presently called "Greece", initiated "ANTI-ISTAN" activities. I
have
explained this in my paper on "The Riddle of DIOGENES".
Even the
name "BYZANTIUM" is most likely usurped from the ancient
Thracian kingdom
name "BISTONIUM" (from Turkish "BEYISTAN ÖYÜM"
meaning "my BEYISTAN home"
where Turkish "BEY" means "LORD").
Evidently, ancient Greeks depended very
heavily on the technique of
changing and owning Turkish words, expressions
and names. This must
have been a way of life for the ancient pre-
Byzantine Greeks and
Byzantine Greeks. The name "BYZANTIUM" is very much a
replacement of
an abolished ancient Turkish name, as many other Greek names
and words
are.
When the name "BYZANTIUM" is decrypted
letter-by-letter as "BIYZTANUM"
and read as in Turkish, we find that it
is nothing but the
anagrammatized Turkish expression "BEYISTANUM" meaning "I
am the
Lord-God"; secondly, it is from the Turkish expression "BEYISTAN
ÖYUM"
meaning "My country is Beyistan" where the name "BEYISTAN" is a
proper
name just as the name "TURKISTAN" is. A third alternative
meaning
embedded in the name "BYZANTIUM" when decrypted as "BYZ-ANT-IUM"
and
read as in Turkish, is the Turkish expression "BEYAZ HANTI
ÖYÜM"
(AKSARAYTI ÖYÜM) meaning " White-House is my Home". All of these
very
exalting meanings, expressed all in one word, are possible only
with
Turkish. I should also note that presently many modern
Christian
countries use this Turkish expression for their "palaces" as
"White
House" or "Casa Bianca" or "Casa Blanca" meaning "white house".
These
are not arbitrary choices but rather from an ancient Turkish
source.
The ancient City of ISTANBUL also has a quarter in the
heart of the
city called "AKSARAY" meaning "white palace". All these
are not
coincidences. As it is seen, even the name ISTANBUL comes from
the
Turkish ISTAN as I explained in my recent paper "The Riddle
of
Diogenes".
It is no wonder that some famed
Europeans have said the following
about Turkish:
Max Mulller: "Turkish
is the result of the creative power of the
Turkish langugae. It is the
product of human intellect's awesome
might. There is no other language which
can be understood as easily,
or enjoyed as much as Turkish."
Paul
Roux: "Turkish is a mathematical language full of thought and
intellect."
Moliere: "Turkish is language to be admired; you can express
a great
deal by a few words."
'These famed people must have known
Turkish rather intimately.
Of course the most interesting of all is the
name of the king
CONSTANTINE I the Great who named an ancient town of
Thracian Turks on
the Bosphorus with the name "CONSTANTINOPOLE" supposedly
after his
"Greek" name.
The name CONSTANTINE is anagrammatized
from a SUN (GUNES) based
Turkish expression. This Roman king, like all other
Roman kings, was
initially a "pagan" king meaning that he was the believer of
the
ancient Tur/Turk peoples Sky-God religion. Hence his title was
in
accordance with the Turanian traditions of titling kings after the
Sun
in Turkish. He became a Christian later.
1. In one meaning
of his title CONSTANTINE, when it is decrypted
letter-by-letter as
"CON-STAN-TI-EN", it is an anagram of Turkish
expression "KUN-ISTAN-Ti
hAN" ("Gün-Istan-di Han") meaning "The Lord
was Sun-God" which ennobles
him to the level of Sun-God. Thus the
title deifies the king in Turkish in
accordance with the ancient
Turkish tradition.
As is seen in this
anagram, the "CON" part of the title pronounced as
"KON" is Turkish "KÜN"
(GÜN) meaning "sun", "STAN" is Turkish "ISTAN"
meaning "God", "TI" is the
Turkish verbal suffix "TI/DI" of verb "to
be", and "EN" is the anagram of
Turkish "HAN" meaning "lord".
2. In another meaning of his title
CONSTANTINE, when it is decrypted
as "CON-ISTAN-T-EN", is from Turkish
expression "KÜN-ISTAN aTa-hAN"
("Gün-Istan Ata-Han") meaning "Lord
Father is Sun-God". Thus king
Constatntine again deifies himself in
accordance with ancient Turkic traditions.
3. In another meaning of his
title CONSTANTINE, when it is decrypted
as "CONSTANT-EN" and read as in
Turkish, is from Turkish expression
"KONaSTANTi HAN" (GÜNESTENDI HAN) meaning
"The Lord is from Sun" or
"Lord is a follower of the Sun". This again
identifies the so-called
"pagan" identity of this ancient Greek king who
chose to hide his real
Turkish title in a camouflaged manner. In
other words he usurped his
title from Turkish as did so many others.
Additionally, from all this, it becomes evident that the
ancient
Turkic name "ISTAN" was obliterated from Europe as presently
Turkic
name "BALKAN" is being slowly obliterated form the Eastern European
geography.
Many other kings, popes and unofficial personalities have
taken this
exalting Turkish name in a disguised form (i.e.,
Constantine). Yet
none of these names are Greek as claimed but rather
are anagrammatized
from Turkish into Greek by way of hellenization.
The city name CONSTANTINOPOLE, when decrypted as "CONISTANTI N OP
OEL"
is actually an anagram of the Turkish expression "KONISTANTI HAN
APA
AUL" meaning "Lord Father village is KUNISTAN". This revelation
should
clear up all confusion associated with the names ISTANBUL and
CONSTANTINOPOLE.
We are given the impression that the ancient Greeks
founded the city
of Constantinopolis. This is not the case. All
the Greek colonizers
did was open up a trading station near an ancient
Thracian town on the
Bosphorus. This trading station that they opened
up there was used as
an excuse to take over the land as was the case in other
"trading
stations". The point I am trying to make here is that the city
was
already founded by the earlier Thracians. The name of this
ancient
city was changed to the present Turkish name of ISTANBUL after it
was
taken in 1453 by the Great Ottoman Sultan Fatih Mehmet HAN.
Even
the name ISTANBUL is a composite Turkish expression standing for
"ISTAN-ABA
AUL" meaning "God-Father Village". The word AUL is the
ancient Turkish
word meaning "village". Presently on the Bosphorus
there is an area
called "ISTINYE" which is very much the remnant of
the ancient name "ISTAN
OYÜ" meaning "Home of God". Also on the
Bosphorus is the place called
"TARABIYA" which is very much the
remnant of ancient Turkish "TUR ABA OY"
meaning "TUR FATHER HOME".
TRACE 4. TOMBSTONES ("Mezar
Taslari"). Strewn all over Central Asia
are the single stone
"tombstones' erected for the dead. They are
unique in the sense that
they are slender, tall, four sided stones
where normally the top is cut
diagonally leaving a pointed tip at the
top. [4] Pointed
structures is very much the tradition of ancient
Turanians because its
religous meaning was that all things to point to
"Sky-God". For that
reason alone, even ancient Turanian head-dresses
were pointed ones which
comes to present times in Turkish ISTAN
countries. These ancient tombstones
are generally embellished with an
"EYE" symbol, that is. Either two
concentric circles with a dot at the
centre or "a circle with a dot at the
centre," placed at the top of
the stone, and additionally with writings
and/or animal pictures on
them. The "EYE" symbol is not only a symbol
indicating the SUN and
MOON disks but is also the symbol of the ancient
Sky-Father-God "OGUZ"
which has many meanings one of which is Turkish "O-GÖZ"
meaning "that
eye".
Quiet often these tombstones have inscriptions
written on them
describing the identities of the persons that lie in their
eternal
sleep below the stone. Many detailed descriptions of such
tombstones
are given by Hüseyin Namik Orkun, "Eski Türk Yazitlari" [5]
Türk Dil
Kurumu Yayinlari, Ankara, 1987,
Tomb stones similar to the
tomb stones of Central Asia are strewn all
over Europe all the way to Ireland
and Scotland at the west, to
Scandinavian countries in the north, to Western
France and Germeny in
the west and Central Europe.
For example, the
village of CARNAC of northwest France [6], in the
department of
Morbihan and the territory of Lorient (arrondissement of
Lorient), 14 km.
S.W. of Auray, and nearby Menec menhir system, and
another one at a place
called Kermario are aligned in rows of such
standing stones or alternatively
"menhirs" dated some 3000 B.C. The
pictures from these "standing stone" sites
are very illuminating.
Around the village of Carnac in Brittany stand long
rows of menhirs,
more than 3000 in all, in 11 rows streching as long as two
miles. [7]
Mustafa Gökmen, in describing the Turkish inscriptions on
Turkish
Tonyukuk monument in Mongolia, states that from the
tomb-complex
towards east a long chain of "balbals" extend over the hills
facing
the monument. [8] Thus we find the long chain of stones in rows
in
central Asian Turkish monuments also.
The name "menhir" is
etymologized as being "men" meaning "stone" and
"hir" meaning
"tall" [9] which seems to be total misinformation. The
French
dictionary does not have any of these root words. It is my
view that
"MENHIR" is from Turkish expression "MEN ER" meaning "I am
hero" (I am
soldier). Since each one of these stones represent a
fallen person, the
Turkic etymology is far more appropiate for the
described concept.
After all these stones are "tombstones" and are
not named after their
tallness. The MENEC stones are in rows of
thousands of stones as if they were
"soldiers" in lines ready for some
action.
We find similar tombstones
all the way in western SCOTLAND. Iain
Zaczek and David Lyons, in their book,
provide excellent pictures of
such tombstones (menhirs) in Scotland.
[10] They are shown to be very
much the same structures as the ones found in
Central Asia. We also
find them in Ireland. [11]
Thus the
Eurpean "menhir' stones are very much the traces of ancient
Tur/Turk peoples
in Western Europe.
TRACE 5. Separation of words in writing
systems. In many ancient
Turanian writings words are separated from
each other with dots,
generally two dots, i.e., a colon (:), and some times
with one, three
or four dots. Thus, any confusion that might arise due
to mixing
words in a line with each other is avoided. This is a
characteristic
of ancient Turkic writing system. The Gök Türk inscriptions in
Central
Asia, runic inscriptions on stones found all over Europe,
Pelasgian
inscriptions, Etruscan inscriptions, and Phrygian inscriptions use
the
same dot delimiter for word separation. Ancient writings found
on
rock faces from Wadi Djerat, Tassial in Libian Sahara desert show
this
type of word separation. [12] Even the words in the
picturially
written inscription on so-called Phaistos Disk from the Minoans
on the
island of Crete are separated by lines.
TRACE 6. The
Spiral symbols: An ivory artifact having one centrally
located large
spiral and three pairs of right and left turning
"spiral" motives have been
found at Mal'ta (Ma-AL-aTA) near the Lake
Baikal, Altay Mountains (Central
Asia). [13] Regarding these items,
see also Joseph Campbell's book.
[14] The artifact has been dated
to be some 15,000 years old.
Together with this artifact, other
ornamental artifacts such as ivory birds
(geese or swans), beads, etc.
have also been found in the same area all dated
15,000 years old.
[15] The right-left turning spiral pairs
engraved on rocks and many
other mediums have been found all over the world.
It has also been
used as ornament at the roof tops of ancient buildings and
similarly
on the capital of Ionic columns. It seems that these spirals
are
representation of a religious concept. It may be thought of
as
representations of the Sun and the Moon which were regarded as
the
right and left eyes of the sky-Father-God. For example the one
shown
on the shoulders of the two griffins located on either side of
the
throne in the palace of Knossos of the Minoan ruler in the island
of
Crete is very much a stylized "eye" which is made with
interspiralling
of white and dark colors. [16] Of course it is also a
stylized symbol
of the sun. White and dark represent the duality aspect of
the ancient
Turanian Sky-God OGUZ religion. Such spirals are also found on
the
megaliths in Ireland, [17] and and at Carnac in Brittany, France,
and
the island of Malta in the mediterranean. [18], [19] Thus, the
ancient
spirals drawn on rocks and other medium provide another trace
of the
movements of Turanian peoples. The Minoan seals from the
island of
Crete are full of many stylized "spiral" motives. [20]
TRACE 7.
THE "GRIFFIN" or "Griffin." [21] A "GRIFFIN" is a
mythological animal
figure having two or three animal figures in one
body. They have been
defined as: "monster half lion and half eagle".
The term "MONSTER" is
actually an anagram of Turkish "MANASTUR" (Men
As TUR) meaning "I am
peerless TUR" defining the ancient Turanian
trinity "Sky-God" having three
heads in a body, that is,
Sky-Father-God, Sun-God and Moon-God.
Many
forms of griffins have been made by ancient Turanian peoples. For
example a
very vivid example of this is the Etruscan "CHIMERA". Many
Minoan seals are
engraved with figures of griffins. For example the
ones found on Figure 233
in the book by Simon Davis and the sun symbol
[22] are very much the same as
the ones found on Pazyryk carpet.
Additionally, pictures are in the
so-called "animal style" of Central
Asia.
Griffin motives
in ancient art is a Turanian concept based on the
trinity aspect of the
Turkic Sky-God. "EAGLE" is "KARTAL" in Turkish
which is hiding the name
"KOR aTa-AL" meaning "Fire Father Red"
referring to the Sun-God.
Similarly "ARSLAN" is the name for Lion in
Turkish. The name ARSLAN
hides the Turkish expression "ER AS ALA HAN"
meaning "Peerless Man Spotted
Lord" which refers to Sky-father God And
the Moon-God. Thus the trinity
aspect of the ancient Turanian Sky-God
was expressed with such animal
names.
It must be noted that the famed 2500 year old PAZYRYK rug [23],
the
oldest known Turkish woollen carpet, dated 5th century B.C.
and
discovered inside a frozen tomb in Central Asia portrays many of
these
so-called "griffins" along the border of the carpet.
Presently
even the Turkic Autonomous Republic of NOGAY in Russia has a
griffin figure
on their national flag. [24]
Tamara Talbot Rice provides samples of
griffins in the art of Seljuk
Turks. [25] . One of the chief
characteristics of such Turanian
griffins is a "comma", i.e., "," or
"crescent" shaped "wing"
embellishment attached to the body at the
shoulders. The earlier
versions have "crescent" shaped
wings. This is found in most of the
griffins found in the ancient
Middle East and Mediterranean area.
Including those by the Etruscans.
Another similar example of such beings is the Greek
mythological
"Centaur" which I regard as another form of a
griffin.
The name "CENTAUR" is said to come from Latin
"CENTAURUS" which is
said to be from Greek "KENTAUROS". They are regarded as
descendants of
Ixion. [26] Ixion in Greek mythology is a Tessalian king and
father
of the Centaurs, who was punished by Zeus for his love for Hera
by
being tied to a perpetually revolving wheel in Hades." [27]
Larousse
World Mythology defines it as "one who was guilty of attempting
to
violate Hera, was fastened to a wheel of fire that turned in the
air".
[28] Thus Ixion must be the Sun. The so-called Greek
mythological
"KENTAUROS" is defined as "half man and half horse". In view of
this
background information, I say the name "KENTAUROS" is
anagrammatized
from a Turkish expression. It is interesting to note that when
the
Greek name KENTAUROS is decrypted letter-by-letter as "KUN AT ER
OS"
is an anagram of Turkish "KUN AT ER US" (Gün At-Er Us) meaning
"Sun
Horse-Man wise" which defines the half man and half horse aspect
of
"KENTAUROS". The Turkish composite name "AT-ER" means "Horse - Man".
But this name "KUN AT ER US" is also Turkish expression "KUN ATa ER
US"
meaning "Sun-Father is Man-Wise" or "Sun-Father is God-Oz" which
defines the
ancient Turanian Sky-God Oguz.
Another Greek version of Centaur is
"BUCENTAUR" which is defined as
one of a race of monsters, having the
head, arms and torso of a man
united to the body and legs of a bull/ox. Its
Greek form is
"Boukentauros" and Italian form "Bucentoro". [29] Its etymology
is
said to be from Greek "bous" meaning "bull" + "kentauros"
meaning
"Centaure". The Greek term "bous" meaning "bull" is from
Turkish
"BOA" meaning "bull". The ancient Turanians used the bull
(Turkish
OKUS, English OX) as their icon for their Sky God.
Thus,
"Boukentauros", when decrypted letter-by-letter as "BOE KUN TUR AUS",
is made up from Turkish words "BOA(bull) + KUN (sun) + TUR (god) +
AUS
(Oguz)" meaning "Bull Sun is GOD Oguz" or alternatively "BOA
KÜN
OGUSTUR" meaning "Bull is Sun God Oguz". Thus while "BOA" makes
the
"bull" part of the body, "KÜN-TUR OGUZ" or "KÜN OGUZTUR" make
the
"human" part of half-man and half bull mythological being.
Thus,
"BUCENTAUR" is again a personification of the ancient Turanian
Sky-god
and the name is made from Turkish words contrary to common belief
that
it is Greek. Other forms of these names in other
Indo-European
languages are also anagrammatized forms of Turkish
sources.
TRACE 8. The Sphinx: Defined as a "Monster
having typically a lions
body, wings, and the head and bust of a woman;
specifically, the
Sphinx of Thebes, who proposed a riddle to all passers and
upon their
failure to guess it destroyed them. Oedipus guessed the
riddle, the
Sphinx slew herself, and he became king of Thebes. The
riddle: What
creature walks in the morning upon four feet, at noon upon two,
at
evening upon three". The Answer: Man, as a baby on hands and
knees,
later on his feet, and in old age with a staff. 2. A person
of
inscrutable character and purposes; any person or monster thought
of
as like the sphinxs. 3. Egypt, Archaeol. An image of a recumbent
lion
having the head of a man (an androsphinx, as the Sphinx at
Giza
representing Harmachis, the morning sun), a ram, or a hawk."
[30]
It is most interesting to note that this riddle is also reported
with
six different versions in Turkish as a Turkish riddle among some
14000
riddles that Prof. Ilhan Basgöz has reported. [31]
It is also
important to note that the name Thebes is a riddled name:
In one meaning it
is the ancient Masarian head city (capital city).
THEBES is an anagram of
Turkish TEPE" meaning "the head".
THEBES was the "head city" of ancient
southern Masar (Egypt).
Additionally, THEBES refers to the "head" of
man. In the given story,
the statement "Oedipus became a king to
Thebes" is itself a riddle.
"OEDIPUS" when decrypted as "O DIPE US", name
shows itself to be an
anagram of Turkish "O TEPE US" meaning "it is the
wisdom of the head"
which rules human beings. This revelation also
explains partly the
so-called mythological Greek story of "OEDIPUS" which is
so complex a
riddle that it has not been solved so far.
The Sphinx at
Giza is said to represent the name "Harmachis" meaning
"the morning sun", a
ram, or a hawk. The "morning sun" is the
"magnificent fire eye" that is born
each morning. With this
background information, we have the following
meanings for "Harmachis":
a) In the first meaning, "HARMACHIS" ( <
"HAR MA CHIS") is an anagram
of Turkish "KOR MA GÖZ" meaning "Fire
magnificent eye" referring to
the sun;
b) In the second meaning of
being a "ram", "HARMACHIS" ( < "HAR MA
CHIS") is an anagram of Turkish
expression "ER MA KOCh" (Er Ma koç)
meaning "Magnificent Ram Man"; and
c) in the third meaning being a "hawk", "HARMACHIS" is an anagram
of
the Turkish expression "HUR MA KUSh" meaning "Free Magnificent
Bird"
which refers to all "birds of pray" and also the "Sun". Hawk is
one
such bird.
d) Additionally, the name "HARMACHIS" ( < "HAR MA
CHIS") is an anagram
of Turkish expression "KOR MA GUZ" ("Kor Ma Oguz")
meaning "Fire
Magnificient OGUZ" referring to the ancient Turanian Sky-God
SUN,
and/or "ER MA GUZ" (Er Ma Oguz) meaning "Man Magnificent
Oguz"
referring to the ancient Turanian Sky-Father-God.
All of these
names define the ancient Turanian Sky-God in a
mythological manner but all in
Turkish. It must be noted that the
ancient Masarian sky-god was regarded as a
"Hawk god", i.e "HOR" or in
Greek "HORUS" god. It is interesting to
note that "HORUS" is very
similar to HOROZ which is the Turkish name for a
"rooster".
Thus both the "Griffin" and the "Sphinx" motives in art
objects are
the personification of the ancient Turanian Sky-God. These
art
objects are found throughout the ancient world and are one of
the
traces of Tur/Turk peoples. The Great Sphynx of Giza is a most
famous
evidence of this Turanian trace.
Turkic Sphinx
figure examples are found in the book by Tamara Talbot
Rices.
[32].
TRACE 9. Turanian double bend bow: The Phaistos disk from
the island
of Crete, a Minoan art object from the Minoan period, shows
the
Turanian double-bent bow on the starting point of the outer
circle
around the disk indicating that Tur/Turk peoples were there and
the
civilization left by them were Turkic. The reader should see a
picture
of the Phaistos disk. [33] The double bent bow was another
symbolic
trace that ancient Tur/Turk peoples left behind. This symbol
can be
observed in many artifacts all over the ancient world.
The
double-bent structure of the Turkish bow enables the user to shoot
his arrow
to double the distance as compared to the distance that one
can achieve with
an ordinary bow.
Etruscan art shows many examples of the Turkic
double-bent bow used by
Etruscan horse riding soldiers. In fact, the Etruscan
horse-riding
soldiers knew the Turkish way of turning back and shooting an
arrow on
an oncoming enemy while he was riding away from the enemy.
[34] This
was one of the most skilful and effective Turkic fighting
tactics in
ancient times. While galloping away on his horse, the enemy
would
think he was panicking and retreating but really the Turk horseman
was
enticing his enemy to follow him into a hidden encirclement trap.
It
was a refined tactical maneuver.
TRACE 10. The ancient
Turanian "animal style" [35] of art is not
only local to Central Asia
and Eastern Eurasia, but also to other
places as well among which is the
islands of Aegean Sea, for example,
the Island of Crete. Figures drawn
on many seals left over from the
Minoan civilization in Crete are evidences
of it. [36]
In this regard the so-called Scythian golden art work found
throughout
Asia should be compared. [37]
TRACE 11. The "Bull"
motive found in many ancient cultures of Asia,
Europe, Anatolia, Middle East
and North Africa are the remnants of the
ancient Turkish OGUZ religion whose
icon was the Bull (OKUZ).
I could mention many other traces left over
from ancient Tur/Turk
peoples. However, these should be sufficient to prove
my point. I am
glad that you brought the subject up by your question.
3. You asked:
> Also, the Eurasian steppes were
dominated by
> Iranian sprakers (Scytians, etc.) before the arrival of
Turkic
> peoples. Enlighten me please. I am a new member to this group,
btw.
SAKA (Iskit) people so-called "Scythians) were Central Asiatic
Turkish
peoples. Turks regard them as one of their ancient ancestors.
Regarding "Scytians" as "Iranian speaking" peoples is a
misinformation
that has been spread without being questioned. So-called
"Scythians",
Turkish "ISKIT" and/or "SAKA" Turks, were Turkic speaking
Turkish
people. [38] It must be noted that there is a play on the
word
"Iranian" here. The word "Iranian" does not mean that all of
the
people of Iran were always and totally so-called
"Indo-European"
stock. Even in present day almost half the population
of Iran is
comprised of Turkish peoples. In ancient times Iranian geography
was
inhabited by Turanian peoples before the arrivals of
"Indo-Europeans".
The so-called "Iranian Saka" peoples were not Indo-European
although
they have been claimed as such by some writers. The ancient
Iranian
Mede people of Medeans were Turkish speaking Tur peoples. Their
name
comes from Turkish "METE". The ancient people of Turukkus on
Zagros
mountains were Turkish peoples. Even presently KASHGAI Turks are
the
inhabitants of the Zagros mountains.
Presently in Siberia the
Turkish Autonomous Republic of Sakha still
carry the name of "SAKA".
The so-called "Sakhalin" islands in the
eastern coast of Asia carry the name
"Saka". The name "SAKHALIN"
comes from Turkish expression "SAKA ILI"
meaning "Saka land" (Saka
country). The sea between the Sakhalin
islands and the mainland Asia
was called "TATAR Sea."
But the
Saka Turks have been in many other geographies. The fact is
that the second
founding king of the ancient Masar (so-called "Egypt")
was named "SAKA" and
they were from Central Asian Tur/Turk peoples.
As I pointed out earlier in
my paper that even ancient Masar's (MISIR)
founding king was named MENES
(MANAS). Even the title of the famed
Pharoh" called "KUFU" is actually
Turkich "KAFA" meaning "head". So,
the Saka Turks were also in north
Africa.
The name of the island SICILY is from Turkish "SAKA ILU" meaning
"Saka
country" (Iskit country). The Latin name "TRINACRIAN"
means
"Sicilian" and the Latin name "TRINACRIA" meant Sicily. [39]
The
Latin name "TRINACRIA", when decrypted letter-by-letter
as
"TRANCI-R=IA" is an anagram of Turkish expression "TuRANCI eR
ÖYÜ"
meaning "Home of Turanian man" which verifies the name "SAKA
ILI"
(Sicily). Even this name verifies that Saka people of ancient
Sicily
were Tur/Turk people.
The native "Pelasgians" of ancient
"Greece", that is, "Ayhanistan" or
"Yunanistan" were kins to Ionians and
Trojans. The name "SAKA" is
embedded in the name "PELASGIAN". The name
"SCAMANDER", i.e., the name
of the small river flowing by ancient city of
Troy and immortalized by
Homer in his renown epic ILIAD, carry the Turkic
name "SAKAMAN DERE"
meaning "the Sakaman-brook". The name "SCAMANDER"
is an altered
version of Turkish "SAKAMAN DERE".
The name CORSICA must
be from Turkish "KOR SAKA" meaning "Fire Saka"
as believers of the Sun.
The name SCANDIA or SCANDIUM for "Scandinavia" is from
Turkish
"SaKa-hAN-aTa ÖYÜ" meaning "Home of Father Lord Saka". The
name
SCANDIUM "SaKa hANDI ÖYÜM" meaning "My home (country) was SAKA
house
(land)". Turkish word "Han" means both "lord" and also "palace"
like
house. The Scandinavian word Thor/Tor/Tyr meaning "God" is nothing
but
the Turkish name TUR which stands not only for the ancient
Turanian
Sky-God but also is the ethnic name for Tur/Turk peoples after
their
Sky-God TUR. It is no wonder that there are so many runic
inscribed
stone monuments strewn all over "Scandia". Those stones are
their
Turkic trace.
Even the name "SCOTIA" for SCOTLAND most likely
comes from Turkish
"ISKIT ÖYÜ" meaning "home of Iskit (Scot)" or "Home
of the "Scots".
It can also be taken as Turkish "SAKA ATA ÖYÜ" meaning
"Father Saka
home". Turkish ISKIT and Scotchman's term SKOT are very
much the
same. This affinity is also verified by Scotland's ancient
stone
structures which are the same as the ones in Central Asia. [40]
Ancient stone structures of Scotland are given with excellent pictures
in
a book by Iain Zaczek and David Lyons. [41].
Similarly
compare the ancient Scotland's "minaret" like structure
[42] with Seljuk
minaret like structures (see p. 217 Plate 1, p. 232
plate No. 20 the ramparth
of the castle). [43]
In the same book by Iain Zaczek and David Lyons,
one should compare
ancient Scot art (page 108, designs on a Cross slab),i.e.,
the
interwoven animal figures and spirals with the Turkish Seljuk art
work
in Tamara Talbot Rices Book Plate No. 44 and 57. Similarly with
the
Irelands art works. [44]
The art works and structures of ancient
peoples of Scotland and the
art works and structures of Tur peoples of
Central Asia are amazingly
the same. These cannot be attributed to
coincidences.
***
Dear Akhilesh, with all these background
information, I demonstrated
sufficient number of visible "traces" left behind
by the Tur/Turk
peoples of ancient times. I also showed how widely the
Tur/Turk
presence was spread in the geograpy of the ancient world. From
all
this we get a glimpse of how much obliteration,
suppression,
assimilation and usurpation the ancient Turanian peoples and
their
civilization, that is, their ancient religion, language, culture
and
achievements, have been subjected to during the recent
several
millennia. What I have said in this paper are quite contrary to
the
established claims that readers are accustomed to read. A wide
variety
of things that I have indicated above are the results of
carefully
scrutinized research that I have been doing for a long time. I
hope
this will help to satisfy some of your questiones that you
rightfully
asked.
REFERENCES:
[1] Hendrik Willem
van Loon, "The Story Of Mankind", published by
Pocket Books New York,
1973, p. 50-52.
[2] Encyclopaedia
Britannica (EB), 1963, Vol. 1, p. 187.
[3]
Mike Edwards and Sisse Brimberg (photographs), Searching For The
Scythians",
National Geographic, Vol. 190, No. 3, September 1996, p.
60-61.
[4] Kamil Hüseyinoglu,
"<<Turan - Türk>> ve <<GUN-GUZ>> Etnonimleri
Hagginda
Geydler" Türk Dünyasi TARIH ve KÜLTÜR Dergisi" By Türk
Dünyasini Arastirma
Vakfi (TDAV), No. 155, Kasim 1999, s.
53.
[5] Hüseyin Namik Orkun, "Eski Türk
Yazitlari", Türk Dil Kurumu
Yayinlari, Ankara,
1987.
[6] Encyclopaedia britannica, 1963,
Vol. 4, p. 928. And the Plates I
and II with "menhir"
pictures.
[7] "Mysteries of the past"
edited by Joseph J. Thorndike. Jr.,
American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc.,
New York, 1977, p. 51.
[8] Mustafa Gökmen,
"Eski Türk Kitabeleri", Nakislar Yayinevi,
Istanbul, 1981, p.
99.
[9] Webster's Collegiate Dictionary,
1947, p. 624.
[10] Iain Zaczek and David
Lyons (Photography), "Ancient Scotland",
Prospero Books, 1998, p. 24-27,
54-55, 57, and others.
[11] Iain Zaczek and
David Lyons (Photography), "Ancient Ireland",
1998, p. 33, p. 48, p. 64-65
(balbal like), p. 70, p. 85 The Royal
Seat of Tara (TURA), and p.
144.
[12] Joseph Campbell, "Historical
Atlas of World Mythology, Vol. I The
way of The Anymal Powers" Harper &
Row, Publishers New York, 1988, p.
87 Fig.
155.
[13] National Geographic, Vol. 174,
No. 4, October 1988, p. 440.
[14] Joseph
Campbell, "Historical Atlas of World Mythology, Vol. I The
way of The Anymal
Powers" Harper & Row, Publishers New York, 1988, p.
72.
[15] National Geographic, Vol. 174, No.
4, October 1988, p. 472.
[16] "Mysteries of
the past" edited by Joseph J. Thorndike. Jr.,
American Heritage Publishing
Co., Inc., New York, 1977, p. 75
[17] Iain
Zaczek and David Lyons (Photography), "Ancient Ireland",
1998, p. 86, 87, 90,
and p. 152 two ying-yan spirals.
[18]
"Mysteries of the past" edited by Joseph J. Thorndike. Jr., p.
46-47.
[19] Colin Renfrew and Adam Woolfitt
(Photograps), "Ancient Europe Is
Older Than we Thought", National Geographic,
Vol. 152, No.5, November
1977, p.
619.
[20] Simon Davis, "The Decipherment of
the Minoan Linear A and
Pictographic Scripts", Witwatersrand University
Press, Johannesburg,
1967, p. 169-179.
[21] Webster's Collegiate Dictionary,
1947, p. 438.
[22] Simon Davis, "The
Decipherment of the Minoan Linear A and
Pictographic Scripts", Witwatersrand
University Press, Johannesburg, 1967.
[23]
Nina Hyde and Cary Woolinsky (photogrphs), "Wool - Fabric of
History",
National Geographic Vol. 173, No. 5, May 1988, p.
558-559.
[24] Türk Dünyasi TARIH ve KÜLTÜR
Dergisi", TDAV, No. 201, Eylul 2003.
See Turkic flags on the front cover page
of this publication.
[25] Tamara Talbot
Rice, "The Seljuks in Asia Minor", London Thames
and Hudson, London, 1961, p.
172, p. 245 Plate 56, p. 246 Plate 57,
59, p. 249 Plate 64 (top rosette an
plate 65.
[26] 1. Webster's Collegiate
Dictionary, 1947, p. 164.
2. Encyclopaedia Britannica World Language
Dictionary (EBWLD), 1963,
Vol. 1, p.
215.
[27] Encyclopaedia Britannica World
Language Dictionary (EBWLD), 1963,
Vol. 1, p.
679.
[28] Pierre Grimal (editor), "Larousse
World Mythology", Paul Hamlyn,
London - New Yorkd, 1969, p.
137.
[29] Encyclopaedia Britannica World
Language Dictionary (EBWLD), 1963,
Vol. 1, p. 173.
[30] Webster's Collegiate Dictionary,
1947, p. 957.
[31] Ilhan Bashgöz, "Türk
Bilmeceleri II", Kültür Bakanligi Basvuru
Kitaplari, Ankara, 1993, s. 618,
Bilmece No. 939.
[32] Tamara Talbot Rice,
"The Seljuks in Asia Minor", London Thames
and Hudson, London, 1961, p. 243
plate 47, p. 244 Plate 51.
[33] Steven
Roger Fisher, "Glyph Breaker", Copernicus, New York, 1997,
see Side A picture
of the Phaistos Disk after p. 117, (Bow and arrow
symbols).
[34] 1. Werner Keller, "The
Etruscans", Alfred A. Knopf, New Yotk,
1974, p.118 (London, British Museum),
("The mounted Bowman, detail
from the lid of a bronze urn).
2. Polat Kaya
, "Etrüsk, Kartaca ve Türk Dünyasi Baglantisi, Etrüsk
Pirgi Yazitlarinin
Okunmasi", Türk Dünyasi Tarih ve Kültür Dergisi,
TDAV, Mayis 1999, p.
54.
3. Michael Grant, "The Etruscans", Charles Scribner's Sons, New
York,
1980. See illustration entitled: Amazon from the rim of a
cauldron
from Capua".
[35] Nina Hyde and
Cary Woolinsky (photogrphs), "Wool - Fabric of
History", National Geographic
Vol. 173, No. 5, May 1988, p. 559.
[36]
Simon Davis, "The Decipherment of the Minoan Linear A and
Pictographic
Scripts", Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg,
1967, pages 190- 215.
[37] Mike Edwards and Sisse Brimberg
(photographs), Searching For The
Scythians", National Geographic, Vol. 190,
No. 3, September 1996, p.
54- 58, 59, 64-65.
[38] Dr. Ilhami Durmus, "ISKITLER
(SAKALAR"", Türk Kültürünü Arastirma
Enstitüsü, Ankara, 1993,
[39] Webster's Collegiate Dictionary,
1947, p. 1069.
[40] 1. Kamil
Hüseyinoglu, "<<Turan - Türk>> ve
<<GUN-GUZ>>
Etnonimleri Hagginda Geydler" Türk Dünyasi TARIH ve
KÜLTÜR Dergisi" By
Türk Dünyasini Arastirma Vakfi (TDAV), No. 155, Kasim
1999, s. 53.
2. Hüseyin Namik Orkun, "Eski Türk Yazitlari", Türk Dil
Kurumu
Yayinlari,
Ankara, 1987.
[41]
Iain Zaczek and David Lyons (Photography), "Ancient Scotland",
Prospero
Books, 1998, p. 24-27, 54-55, 57, and
others.
[42] Iain Zaczek and David Lyons
(Photography), "Ancient Scotland",,
p.
113.
[43] Tamara Talbot Rice, "The Seljuks
in Asia Minor", p. 217 Plate 1,
p. 232 Plate 20.
[44] Iain Zaczek and David Lyons
(Photography), "Ancient Ireland",
1998, p. 152.
Best wishes to
all,
Polat Kaya
December 18, 2003
Kamil KARTAL
wrote:
>
>
href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/nostratic/message/865">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/nostratic/message/865
>
> From: Akhilesh Pillalamarri <valardil@...>
>
Date: Wed Nov 26, 2003 5:23 pm
> Subject: About the
Turkish and Greek post
>
>
>
> That post, built on
nothing I knew well before is very good and
> almost totally convinces me,
congratulations to the author of it.
> However, my objection is to the
fact that the Turks actually appear
> near Greece (in Antolia, where they
replaced the Greek-speakers)
> around 1050-1100 A.D. while the Mycerian
civilization was between
> 1400-1200 B.C. The Turic peoples did not leave
their homeland until
> 600 AD. So there is a date discrepency. Please
explain, though in my
> understanding the first "Turks" were assimilated
into Greek culture
> very early on; but there should be a trace of their
journey from
> central asia at least. Also, the Eurasian steppes were
dominated by
> Iranian sprakers (Scytians, etc.) before the arrival of
Turkic
> peoples. Enlighten me please. I am a new member to this group,
btw.
>
> ~*AKHILESH*~
>
>
> --- In
bcn2003-II@yahoogroups.com, Polat Kaya <tntr@...> wrote:
> >
Dave and all,
> >
> > Greetings. This paper is in response to
Dave's questions directed at
> > me. It became necessarily long in
order to explain Turkish related
> > background which has been blurred
by mountains of disinformation.
>
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