> Þessa sýn sá Þorbjörn svá gerla, at hann sá allan fótaburð
> hestanna ok svá þat, at menninir stóðu í stigreipum.
> Thorbjorn saw this sign so fully that he saw all the
> horses' gaits and saw that men stood in their stirrups.
> This vision Þorbjörn so fully saw, that he saw all [the]
> gait (masc acc. sg) of the horses and also that, that the
> persons (men) stood in [the] stepping-ropes (stirrups).
Þorbjörn saw this vision so fully that he saw the horses’
entire gait and thus that the men stood in [the] stirrups.
> En þenna atburð sá hann gerr en eðli manns er til at sjá.
> But this event he saw ready but man's nature is to see to.
> (I have no idea!)
> But (And) this incident he saw more-fully (görr, adv.
> compar) than [it] is [the] nature of a person (man) to
> expect (<sjá til e-s>, ellipsis, Z6, ie more clear than
> one would naturally expect, ie with a supranormal
> clarity), (or it could be the more literal ‘to look at,
> see’ Z2, as Brian argued for in a very similar
> construction in last week’s translation – ie ‘he saw more
> fully than it is the nature of a person to see’ – either
> way the sense is much the same I think).
And he saw this occurrence more fully than human nature is
up to seeing [‘adequate to see’]
> Þann vetr inn sama varð sá atburðr á Eyri at Hrafns inn
> átta aftan jóla, at maðr sá, er Þórarinn hét Höskuldsson,
> Þorbjarnarsonar, ok Birnu Ámundadóttur, hann sá mann
> standa fyrir matborði Hrafns.
> That same winter, it so happened at Eyri that Hrafn the 8
> (days) before Yule, that a man saw, who was named Thorarin
> Hoskuldson, Thorjarnar's son, and Birnu, daughter of
> Amunda, he saw a man standing before Hrafn's dressed
> table.
> That winter, the same [one], that incident happened at
> Eyrr at Hrafn’s [house] (at + gen, Z.ii.5) on the eighth
> (ordinal, wk masc. acc. sg of <átti) evening of Yule, that
> that (sá, pron) person (man) who was-called Þórarinn
> son-of-Höskuldr, - son-of-Þorbjörn, - and Birna
> daughter-of-Ámundr, he saw a person (man) stand
> in-front-of [the] dressed-table of Hrafn.
That same winter the event occurred at Eyrr at Hrafn’s
[place] the eighth evening of Yule that the man who was
called Þórarin, son of Höskuldsson Þorbjarnarson and Birna
Ámundadóttir, saw a man standing before Hrafn’s dressed
table.
> Sá var mikill vexti ok hafði hjálm á höfði ok sverð
> brugðit í hendi ok studdi niðr á borðit blóðreflinum fyrir
> Hrafni.
> That one was large in stature and had a helmet on his head
> on a sword drawn in his hand and supported down on the
> table of the point of the sword above Hrafn. (?)
> That-one (ie He) was large in stature, and had (wore) a
> helmet on [his] head and a sword drawn in hand and [he]
> stuck (<styðja>, Z2) the-sword-point down on the-table
> in-front-of Hrafn. (ie he was making a point 😊)
He was large in size and had a helm on [his] head and a
drawn sword in [his] hand and braced the point of the sword
down on the table before Hrafn.
> Hann stóð um stund ok gekk á braut síðan.
> He stood a whle and then went away.
> He stood for a while and walked away after-that.
He stood still for a while and then walked away.
> Þórarinn sat it næsta Hrafni innar frá.
> Thorarin endured the next Hrafn more inward from.
> Þórarinn sat next (lit: the nearest) to Hrafn further in
> from [the entrance?].
Þórarin sat next to Hrafn on the side away from the door.
> Þá sá Þórarinn þessa sýn, en engir aðrir, þeir er í
> stofunni váru.
> Then Thorarin saw this sign, but no one else, they who
> were in the sitting room.
> Then (ie at that time) Þórarinn saw this vision, but no
> others, those who were in the-sitting-room [saw it].
At that time Þórarin saw this vision, but no others who were
in the living room [saw it].
> Þann vetr inn sama sá Hallkatla Einarsdóttir, — hon var at
> kirkju, — ljós heim undir virkinu, ok horfði annarr endir
> ljóssins upp í loft, en annarr niðr til jarðar.
> That same winter, Hallkatla Einarsdaughter saw -- when she
> was at church -- a light home under the fortress, and one
> of the two turned (in) conclusion the light up in the sky,
> but the other down to earth.
> That winter, the same [one] Hallkatla daughter-of-Einarr
> saw – she was at church – a burning-light homewards under
> the-stronghold, and one end of the-burning-light headed up
> to [the] sky, but [the] other down towards [the] earth.
That same winter Hallkatla Einarsdóttir saw — she was at
church — a burning light homewards under the stronghold, and
one end of the light headed up into [the] sky, and the other
down at the ground.
I suspect that <undir> ‘under’ here actually means something
like ‘under the shelter of’.
> Henni þótti þetta undarligt ok vissi eigi, hverju gegndi.
> This seemed to her wonderful, and she didn't know what it
> meant.
> This seemed wonderful to her and [she] knew not, what [it]
> meant.
She thought this extraordinary and did not know what it
meant.
> Steingrímr hét maðr.
> There was a man named Steingrimr.
> [There] was a person (man) called Steingrímr.
There was a man called Steingrím.
> Hann var Óláfsson, heimamaðr Hrafns.
> He was the son of Olaf, Hrafn's servant.
> He was [the] son-of-Ólafr, [and] a servant (looks like OCR
> error: heimamaðr) of Hrafn.
He was the son of Óláf, a member of Hrafn’s household.
I corrected what appears to be another OCR error in the
penultimate word.
> Hann sá ok ljós undir virkinu, sem Hallkatla hafði sét, ok
> fleiri menn sá þessa sýn þann vetr inn sama undir virkinu.
> He also saw a light under the fortress, which Hallkatla
> had seen, also several men saw this sign the same winter
> under the fortress.
> He saw also a light under the-stronghold, as Hallkatla had
> seen, and more people (men) saw this vision that winter,
> the same [one], under the-stronghold.
He also saw a burning light under the stronghold, as
Hallkatla had seen, and many people saw this vision that
same winter under the stronghold.
> Um vetrinn eftir fóru þeir Pétr ok Sturla Bárðarsynir
> norðr í Súðavík ok tóku höndum þann bónda, er Jóseppr hét,
> ok son hans, er Einarr hét.
> During the next winter, Petr and Sturla, Bardar's sons,
> went north to Sudavik and took captive that farmer whose
> name was Josephr, and his son, named Einarr.
> During the winter after, they, Pétr and Sturla, [the] sons
> of Bárðr, journeyed north to Súðavik and seized (lit: took
> by hands) that farmer, who was-called Jóseppr (Joseph),
> and his son, who was called Einarr.
The next winter Pétr and Sturla, Bárð’s sons, travelled
north to Súðavík and captured the farmer who was called
Jósepp and his son, who was called Einar.
> Þeir höfðu sekir orðit um hvalmál.
> They had been convicted concerning the whale-case (i.e.,
> whale-gate).
> They had become (been) condemned-to-outlawry
> in-connection-with [the] whale-case.
They had been outlawed in connection with a claim to whales
as jetsam [CV].
> Þeir höfðu þá heim á Eyri til Hrafns, en hann gaf þeim líf
> báðum, Jóseppi ok Einari, ok kunni enga þökk þeim Pétri
> fyrir þat þeir höfðu þá þangat flutt.
> They then (were) brought home to Eyri to Hrafn, but he
> granted them both, Josheph and Einar, their life, and they
> were not oblidged to Petri for what they had then peformed
> there. (Z. kunna 4: k. e-m þökk, aufusu, to be thankful,
> obliged to one)
> They (ie the brothers) took (ie <hafa>, Z7) them (þá, ie
> father and son) home to Eyrr to Hrafn, but (and) he gave
> them both life (ie he spared both their lives), Jóseppr
> and Einarr, and [he] gave (3p. masc sg past) no thanks to
> them, Pétr (and his brother) for that that (ie because,
> I´m guessing that <fyrir þat> should be <fyrir því at>)
> they (the brothers) had conveyed (flytja, Z1) them (þá, ie
> father and son) thither.
They took them home to Eyrr to Hrafn, and he granted both
Jósepp and Einar their lives and was not grateful to [‘knew
no thanks to’] Pétr [and his brother] for having conveyed
them [= J. & E.] thither.
According to GPH, <fyrir þat> is correct. <Þökk> Z2 has
<kunna e-m þökk fyrir e-t> ‘to be much obliged to one for a
thing’; here the thing is <þat þeir höfðu þá þangat flutt>
‘that they had conveyed them thither’.
> Um þenna Jósepp kvað Eilífr Snorrason vísu þessa:
> Concerning this, Joseph recited this verse to Eilifr
> Snorrason:
> Eilífr Snorri’s-son (nom.) recited this verse about this
> Jóseppr (Joseph) (acc).
About this Jósepp Eilíf Snorrason recited this verse:
> Sekr gekk hodda hnykkir
> hringeygr af várþingi.
> Áðr beið illt ok síðan
> Jóseppr af hvalfjósum.
> Guilty went a hoard pulls-violently
> Wall-eyed from the spring assembly.
> Before asked poorly and later
> Joseph from the whale-blubber.
> Condemned-to-outlawry walked [the] snatcher (Lex Poet,
> noun) of treasures (gen pl) (ie a warrior, man)
> ring-eyed from [the] Spring-assembly.
> Already suffered (bíða, Z2) badly and later-on
> Jóseppr (Joseph) from [the] whale-carcase (<fjós> = <þjós,
> Z)
Outlawed, [the] treasures’ snatcher went
walleyed [CV] from [the] spring þing.
Harm before and afterward suffered
Jósepp on account of whale meat.
A snatcher of treasures is a man. GPH says that <hnykkja>
can be ‘move’ as well as ‘jerk, snatch’ and chooses the
reading ‘mover of treasures’, conventionally for a generous
man, but she notes that the sense ‘snatch’ may have been in
the poet’s mind as a reference to Jósepp’s propensity to
steal. The mss. disagree on the first word of the second
line; she prefers the reading <hringleygr> ‘wavering-eyed’,
i.e., ‘shifty-eyed’; cf. modern <hringla með e-ð> ‘change
one’s mind repeatedly’ and <hringl> ‘vacillation,
indecision’. ‘Walleyed’ would suggest shock and fear;
‘shifty-eyed’ would fit his character. I take neuter <illt>
to be a substantive naming what he suffered.
[Version B]
> Hringeygr hodda hnykkir gekk sekr af várþingi.
> Wall-eyed hoard pulls-violently went guilty from the
> spring assembly.
> The ring-eyed snatcher of treasures (warrior, man, ie
> Jóseppr) went condemned-to-outlawry from [the]
> Spring-assembly.
The walleyed snatcher of treasures [= the man = Jósepp]
went, outlawed, from the spring þing.
> Jóseppr beið illt af hvalfjósum áðr ok síðan.
> Joseph asked poorly of the whale-blubber before and after.
> Jóseppr (Joseph) suffered badly from [the] whale-carcase
> (<fjós> = <þjós, Z) already and later-on.
Jósepp suffered harm on account of whale carcasses before
and afterward.
[Version C]
I thought Version B clear enough that I did not bother with
Version C.
> Hinn hringeygði maður gekk sekur af vorþingi.
> The wall-eyed man went guilty from the spring assembly.
> The ring-eyed person (man) walked condemned-to-outlawry
> from [the] Spring-assembly.
> Jósef hafði illt af renginu bæði fyrr og síðar.
> Joseph got poorly of the blubber both before and later.
> Jósef (Joseph) fared (<hafa>, Z10) badly from the-layer of
> blubber (between the spik (speck) and the þvesti (flesh)),
> both sooner and later.
> 19. Þorvaldr tók Hrafn af lífi.
> Thorvaldr takes Hrafn's life.
> 19 Þorvaldr took Hrafn from life (ie put him to death).
Þorvald took Hrafn’s life.
> Þat var um langaföstu it sama vár, at Þorvaldr fór norðan
> ór Ísafirði með tvá menn ins fjórða tigar.
> It was during Lent the same spring, that Thorvaldr
> traveled north from Isafirth with two men (and others
> totaling) 40.
> That was during Lent (lit: the long-fast) in the same
> spring, that Þorvaldr journeyed from-the-north (ie south)
> out-of Ísafjörðr with 32 men (lit: two persons of the
> fourth ten, (count them, 32 including Þorvaldr.)
It was during Lent the same spring that Þorvald travelled
south from Ísfjörð with 32 men [‘two men of the fourth
decade’].
This count of 32 apparently includes Þorvald, since only 31
other men are named in the next sentence; this is entirely
analogous to the ‘with the third man’ construction.
> Í þeiri för váru með Þorvaldi: Bjarni djákn Finnsson,
> Aðalsteinn djákn Reinallsson, Ögmundr Sveinsson, Þorgils
> Austmaðr, Steingrímr Ásgeirsson, Kolbeinn Bergsson, Þórðr
> Gunnarsson, Þórðr Steinsson, Bárðr Bárðarson, Sölvi
> Þóroddsson, Kormákr Ásbjarnarson, Ormr Skeggjason, Eiríkr
> Þorvarðarson, Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson, Þórðr Þorbjarnarson,
> Ullr Þorbjarnarson, Þórðr Högnason, Helgi Magnússon,
> Svertingr Högnason, Óláfr Þorsteinsson, Óláfr Helgason,
> Ásgeirr Kalason, Tyrvi Starrason, Ími Þorkelsson, Jón
> Þorsteinsson, Snærir húskarl Heinreksson, Glúmr Helgason,
> Þorleifr gjafleifi, Björn Þorkelsson, Þorgrímr Þormóðsson,
> Sighvatr Þorkelsson.
> On their journey with Thorvaldr were: deacon Bjarni
> Finson, deacon Adalsteinn Reinalson, Ögmundr Sveinsson,
> Þorgils Austmaðr, Steingrímr Ásgeirsson, Kolbeinn
> Bergsson, Þórðr Gunnarsson, Þórðr Steinsson, Bárðr
> Bárðarson, Sölvi Þóroddsson, Kormákr Ásbjarnarson, Ormr
> Skeggjason, Eiríkr Þorvarðarson, Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson,
> Þórðr Þorbjarnarson, Ullr Þorbjarnarson, Þórðr Högnason,
> Helgi Magnússon, Svertingr Högnason, Óláfr Þorsteinsson,
> Óláfr Helgason, Ásgeirr Kalason, Tyrvi Starrason, Ími
> Þorkelsson, Jón Þorsteinsson, Snærir house-servant
> Heinreksson, Glúmr Helgason, Þorleifr gjafleifi, Björn
> Þorkelsson, Þorgrímr Þormóðsson, Sighvatr Þorkelsson.
> In that journey with Þorvaldr were: Deacon Bjarni
> Finnsson, Deacon Aðalsteinn Reinallsson, Ögmundr
> Sveinsson, Þorgils [the] Easterner, Steingrímr Ásgeirsson,
> Kolbeinn Bergsson, Þórðr Gunnarsson, Þórðr Steinsson,
> Bárðr Bárðarson, Sölvi Þóroddsson, Kormákr Ásbjarnarson,
> Ormr Skeggjason, Eiríkr Þorvarðarson, Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson,
> Þórðr Þorbjarnarson, Ullr Þorbjarnarson, Þórðr Högnason,
> Helgi Magnússon, Svertingr Högnason, Óláfr Þorsteinsson,
> Óláfr Helgason, Ásgeirr Kalason, Tyrvi Starrason, Ími
> Þorkelsson, Jón Þorsteinsson, Snærir [the] house-carle
> Heinreksson, Glúmr Helgason, Þorleifr [the) gift-leaver ?,
> Björn Þorkelsson, Þorgrímr Þormóðsson, Sighvatr
> Þorkelsson.
With Þorvald on that journey travelled: Bjarni djákn
[‘deacon’] Finnsson, Aðalstein djákn Reinallsson, Ögmund
Sveinsson, Þorgils Austmaðr [‘Easterner’, probably
Norwegian], Steingrím Ásgeirsson, Kolbein Bergsson, Þórð
Gunnarsson, Þórð Steinsson, Bárð Bárðarson, Sölvi
Þóroddsson, Kormákr Ásbjarnarson, Orm Skeggjason, Eirík
Þorvarðarson, Eirík Hrafnkelsson, Þórð Þorbjarnarson, Ull
Þorbjarnarson, Þórð Högnason, Helgi Magnússon, Sverting
Högnason, Óláf Þorsteinsson, Óláf Helgason, Ásgeir Kalason,
Tyrvi Starrason, Ími Þorkelsson, Jón Þorsteinsson, Snærir
húskarl Heinreksson, Glúm Helgason, Þorleif gjafleifi
[gift-Þorleif: <Leifi> is a pet form of <Þorleifr>], Björn
Þorkelsson, Þorgrím Þormóðsson, Sighvat Þorkelsson.
Brian