> Oddur hét maður Önundarson breiðskeggs, Úlfarssonar,
> Úlfssonar á Fitjum, Skeggjasonar, Þórissonar hlammanda.
> A man was named Oddr, son of Onundarson broad-beard, son
> of Ulfr's, Ulfson from Fitjum, Skeggjason, Thorissonar
> "Exulted."
> (There) was a person (man) called Oddr son of Önundr
> broad-beard, son of Ulfr, son of Úlfr in Fitjar (plural:
> Meadowlands on the banks of a lake or river), son of
> Skeggi, son of Þórir ‘Exulting(?)’.
There was a man called Odd, son of Önund breiðskegg, son of
Úlf, son of Úlf of Fitjar, son of Skeggi, son of Þóri
hlammandi ['bellowing, roaring'].
> Hann bjó á Breiðabólstað í Reykjardal í Borgarfirði.
> He lived at Broad-farm-place in Smoke-valley in
> castle-firth.
> He lived at Breiðabólstaðr (Broad-farm) in Reykjadalr
> (Dale of Steam) in Borgarfjörðr (Firth of
> Dome-shaped-Hill).
He lived at Breiðabólstað in Reykjardal in Borgarfjörð.
> Hann átti þá konu er Jórunn hét.
> He then married a wife who was named Jorunn.
> He had (married) that (þá, pronoun acc fem sg) woman
> (wife) who was-called Jórunn.
He married the woman who was called Jórunn.
> Hún var vitur kona og vel látin.
> She was a wise woman and well behaved (or "placed" or
> "valued").
> She was a wise woman and well (highly) esteemed (látinn,
> Z2).
She was a wise woman and highly esteemed.
> Þau áttu fjögur börn, sonu tvo vel mannaða og dætur tvær.
> They had four children, two well brought-up sons and two
> daughters.
> They had four children, two sons well brought-up
> (accomplished) and two daughters.
They had four children, two well-bred sons and two
daughters.
> Annar son þeirra hét Þóroddur en annar Þorvaldur.
> One son of theirs was named Thoroddr and the second
> Thorvaldr.
> Their first son was-called Þóroddr and (their) second
> Þorvaldr.
One of their sons was called Þórodd, and the second Þorvald.
> Þuríður hét dóttir Odds en önnur Jófríður.
> (One of) Oddr's daughters was named Thuridur, and the
> other Jofridur.
> Oddr’s daughter was-called Þuríðr and (the) other Jófríðr.
Odd’s daughter was called Þuríð, and the other Jófríð.
> Hann var kallaður Tungu-Oddur.
> He was called Tongue-Oddr (perhaps because there was more
> than one Oddr, and so he was the one from Tung?).
Most likely, yes; <Oddr> was a fairly common name in
medieval Iceland.
> He was called Tungu-Oddr (Tongue-Oddr).
He was called Tungu-Odd.
> Engi var hann kallaður jafnaðarmaður.
> He was not called a fair man.
> He was called no (note: masc sg nom pronoun) fair
> (impartial)-person (man).
He was not called a fair man [‘no fair man was he called’].
> Torfi hét maður og var Valbrandsson, Valþjófssonar,
> Örlygssonar frá Esjubergi.
> A man was named Torfi, and he was Valbrand's son, (who
> was) Valthjof's son, (who was) a son of Orlyg's from
> Esuberg.
> (There) was a man (person) called Torfi Valbrandr’s-son,
> son of Valþjófr, son of Örlygr from Esjuberg.
There was a man called Torfi, and [he] was Valbrand’s son,
son of Valþjóf, son of Ørlyg from Esjuberg.
> Hann átti Þuríði Tungu-Oddsdóttur.
> He married Thurid Tungu-Oddsdaughter
> He had (married) Þuríðr Tungu-Oddr’s-daughter.
He married Þuríð Tungu-Odd’s daughter.
> Þau bjuggu á öðrum Breiðabólstað.
> They lived in another Breidabolstad. (?)
> They lived at another(?) Breiðabólstaðr (Broad-farm).
They lived at another Breiðabólstað.
> Arngrímur hét maður Helgason, Högnasonar er út kom með
> Hrómundi.
> Arngrimr was the name of a man (who was) a son of Helga,
> (who was) a son of Hogna, who came out to Iceland with
> Hromundr.
> (There) was a person (man) called Arngrímr Helgi’s-son,
> son of Högni who came out (to Iceland) with Hrómundr.
There was a man called Arngrím, son of Helgi, son of Högni,
who came out [to Iceland] with Hrómund.
> Hann bjó í Norðurtungu.
> He lived in North-tongue.
> He lived in Norðurtunga (North-Tongue).
He lived at Norðrtunga.
> Hann var kallaður Arngrímur goði.
> He was called Chieftain Arngrimr.
> He was called Arngrímr goði (Priest-Chieftain).
He was called Arngrím goði.
> Helgi hét son hans.
> His son was named Helgi.
> His son was-called Helgi.
His son was called Helgi.
> Blund-Ketill hét maður, son Geirs hins auðga úr Geirshlíð,
> Ketilssonar blunds er Blundsvatn er við kennt.
> A man was named Blund-Ketill, a son of Geir the Happy
> (Rich?) from Geirshlid, "Sleepy" Ketill's son who is named
> after Blunsvatn.
> (There) was a person (man) called Blund-Ketill (Dozy-
> Ketill), son of Geirr the Wealthy out-of Geirshlið
> (Geirr’s-Slope), son of Ketill (the) Dozy whom Blundsvatn
> (Dozy-Water (Lake) is named after (kenna, Z8).
There was a man called Blund-Ketil ['Sleep-, Dozing-'], son
of Geir inn auðigr ['the wealthy'] from Geirshlíð, son of
Ketil blund, after whom Blundsvatn is named.
If I translated place-names, I would translate <Blundsvatn>
as 'Blund’s Water': the <Blunds-> element refers to the man,
not to the property that gave him his byname.
> Hann bjó í Örnólfsdal.
> He lived in Ornolfsdale.
> He lived in Örnólfsdalr (Örnólfr’s-Dale).
He lived in Örnolfsdal.
> Það var nokkuru ofar en nú stendur bærinn.
> It was somewhat higher up, but the farm now remains.
> That was somewhat higher than the-farmstead now stands.
That was somewhat higher up than the farm now stands.
> Var þar mart bæja upp í frá.
> Many a town was next (Z. frá 7 - þar út í frá, secondly,
> next) (??)
> There was many (of) farmsteads (gen plural of boer)
> (raised) up henceforth (í frá, see frá, Z7).
There were many farmsteads [‘many of farmsteads’] farther
up.
> Hersteinn hét son hans.
> His son was named Hersteinn
> His son was-called Hersteinn.
His son was called Herstein.
> Blund-Ketill var manna auðgastur og best að sér í fornum
> sið.
> Blund-Ketill was a most wealthy man and himself best in
> the old religion.
> Dozy-Ketill was (the) wealthiest of persons (men) and best
> of himself (most accomplished, the greatest expert?) in
> old (heathen) customs.
Blund-Ketil was the wealthiest of men and best of character
in olden (heathen) times.
> Hann átti þrjá tigu leigulanda.
> He owned thirty rented lands. (30 parcels he rented out?)
> He had (possessed) thirty (three tens of) rented-land.
He owned thirty leaseholds.
> Hann var hinn vinsælasti maður í héraðinu.
> He was the most popular man in the district.
> He was the most-popular person (man) in the-district.
He was the most popular man in the district.
> Þorkell trefill hét maður.
> Thorkell "Tatter" was the name of a man.
> (There) was a person (man) called) Þorkell Rag.
There was a man called Þorkel trefill ['tatter, rag'].
> Hann var Rauða-Bjarnarson.
> He was a son of Red-Bjarn's.
> He was son of Rauða-Björn (Red-Björn).
He was the son of Rauða-Björn ['Red-'].
> Hann bjó í Svignaskarði fyrir utan Norðurá.
> He lived in Svignaskard, beyond North-river.
> He lived in Svignaskarð (Mountain-Pass of Bends) beyond
> (fyrir útan, Z6) Norðurá (North-River).
He lived at Svignaskarð [= Sygnaskarð 'notch of the men of
Sogn'] beyond the Norðrá ['North river'].
> Helgi var bróðir Þorkels er bjó í Hvammi í Norðurárdal.
> Helgi was Thorkel's brother who lived in Hvammi in
> North-river.
> Þorkell’s brother was Helgi who lived in Hvammr (Little
> Vale) in Norðurárdalr (North-River-Dale).
Helgi was Þorkel’s brother, who lived at Hvamm in
Norðrárdal.
> Annar var Gunnvaldur, faðir Þorkels er átti Helgu dóttur
> Þorgeirs á Víðimýri.
> Another (relative) was Gunnvaldr, Thorkel's father who
> married Helgi, daughter of Thorgeir from Vidimyr.
> Another (person) was Gunnvaldr, father of Þorkell who had
> (married) Helga, daughter of Þorgeirr at Víðimýrr
> (Willow-Bog).
Another was Gunnvald, Þorkel’s father, who married Helga,
daughter of Þorgeir of Víðimýr.
> Þorkell trefill var vitur maður og vel vinsæll,
> stórauðigur að fé.
> Thorkell "Tatter" was a mise man and quite popular (and)
> very wealthy.
> Þorkell Rag was a wise person (man) and well (highly)
> popular, very-wealthy of property.
Þorkel trefill was a wise man and very popular, very rich in
possessions.
> Þórir hét maður.
> A man was named Thorir.
> (There) was a person (man) called Þórir.
There was a man called Þóri.
> Hann var snauður að fé og eigi mjög vinsæll af alþýðu
> manna.
> He was poor and not very popular with most people.
> He was bereft of property (skint) and not much popular
> with (the) general-populace of persons (men).
He was penniless and not very popular with the great
majority of people.
> Hann lagði það í vanda sinn að hann fór með sumarkaup sitt
> héraða í milli og seldi það í öðru er hann keypti í öðru
> og græddist honum brátt fé af kaupum sínum.
> He started off in his difficulties that he managed his
> summer wages (tune in "Summertime Blues") throughout the
> district and sold that in a second (place) that he bought
> in another (place) and he soon made money from his trades.
> He placed that in his habit (vandi Z(2)) (ie it was his
> custom, wont) that he journeyed with his summer-wages
> between districts and sold that in one (district) which he
> bought in another (district) and soon money (nom)
> increased for him (dative) from his trades.
He made it his custom that he conducted trading between
districts in summer and sold in one that which he bought in
another, and he soon made money from his dealings.
> Og eitt sinn er Þórir fór sunnan um heiði hafði hann með
> sér hænsn í för norður um land og seldi þau með öðrum
> kaupskap og því var hann kallaður Hænsna-Þórir.
> And one time when Thorir went from the south around the
> disctrict, he had with him fowls in a trip north through
> the country and sold them with other wares, and thus he
> was called "Fowls-Thorir." (or "Hens-Thorir")
> And one time when Þórir journeyed from the south across
> (the) heath, he had with himself hens (hoens) in (his)
> journey (company) north across the land and (he) sold
> them with other wares and for that (reason) he was called
> Hoensnr-Þórir (Hens-Þórir).
And one time when Þóri travelled from the south across the
heath, he had with him chickens on his journey north across
the land and sold them along with other wares, and therefore
he was called Hœnsa-Þóri [‘Chicken-, Hen-’].
Brian