> Það sama sumar fæddi Þuríður að Fróðá sveinbarn og var
> nefndur Kjartan.

> That same summer Thuridr gave birth at Froda to a baby boy
> and (he) was named Kjartan.

> That same summer Thurid gave birth to a boy child at Frod
> River and (he) was named Kjartan.

That same summer Þuríð gave birth to a boy at Fróðá, and
[he] was named Kjartan.

> Óx hann upp heima að Fróðá og var snemma mikill og
> efnilegur.

> He grew up home at Froda and was soon large and
> promising.

> He grew up at home at Frod River and was soon tall and
> promising.

He grew up at home at Fróðá and was soon tall and promising.

> En er Björn kom um haf fór hann suður til Danmarkar og
> þaðan suður til Jómsborgar.

> And when Bjorn came across the ocean he went south to
> Denmark and from there south to Jomsborgr.

> And when Bjorn came over the sea he went south to Denmark
> and from there south to Jom’s burg.

And when Björn came across [the] sea, he went south to
Denmark and thence south to Jómsborg.

> Þá var Pálna-Tóki fyrir Jómsvíkingum.
> Palna-Toki was then (ruling) over the Jom Vikings.
> Then Palna-Toki was leader of the Jomsvikings.

Pálna-Tóki was then leader of the Jómsvíkings.

More literally, 'at the head of the Jómsvíkings'.

> Björn gekk þar í lög þeirra og var þar kappi kallaður.

> Bjorn went there in there laws (what exactly does it mean
> to go in someone's laws? Obey their laws?) and was called
> there a hero.

> Bjorn went there (under?) their law and was called a
> warrior there.

Björn became a full member of the community there [‘went
into their law’] and was called a champion there.

Compare <leiða e-n í lög> 'to make one a full member of a
community'.

> Hann var þá í Jómsborg er Styrbjörn hinn sterki vann hana.

> He was then in Jomsborg when Styrbjorn the strong defeated
> him.

> He was then in Jomsborg when Styrbjorn the stark captured
> it.

He was in Jómsborg when Styrbjörn the strong won it.

Rob: Note that <hana> is feminine, so it can’t refer to
<Hann> 'He'; <Jómsborg>, on the other hand, is feminine.

> Björn fór og til Svíþjóðar er Jómsvíkingar veitu
> Styrbirni.

> Bjorn went also to Svithjodr when the Jom Vikings
> supported Styrbjorn.

> Bjorn went also to Sweden which the Jomsvikings gave to
> Styrbjorn.

Björn also went to Sweden, when [the] Jómsvíkings stood by
Styrbjörn.

See
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Styrbjarnar_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr_Sv%C3%ADakappa>.

> Hann var og í orustunni á Fýrisvöllum þá er Styrbjörn féll
> og komst þaðan á skóg með öðrum Jómsvíkingum.

> He was also in a battle at Fyrisvollum when Styrbjorn fell
> and came from there to a forest with other Jom Vikings.

> He was also in the battle at Fyris plains then when
> Styrbjorn fell and escaped from there to a forest with
> other Jomsvikings.

He was also in the battle at Fýrisvellir, when Styrbjörn
fell, and escaped thence into [the] wood with other
Jómsvíkings.

> Og meðan Pálna-Tóki lifði var Björn með honum og þótti
> hinn besti drengur og hinn hraustasti í öllum mannraunum.

> And while Palna-Toki lived, Bjorn was with him and was
> thought the best valiant and the doughtiest in all peril.

> And while Palna-Toki lived, Bjorn stayed with him and
> seemed the most brave and the most strong in all
> adversity.

And while Pálna-Tóki lived, Björn stayed with him and was
thought the best bold man and the most valiant in all
adversity.

> Nú skal segja frá Þórólfi bægifót.
> Now it shall be told concerning Thorolfr "lamefoot."
> Now shall be told of Thorolf lame-foot.

Now shall be told of Þórólf bægifót ['lame-foot', from
<bágr> 'awkward'].

> Hann tók nú að eldast fast og gerðist illur og æfur við
> ellina og mjög ójafnaðarfullur.

> He began now to quickly age and became ill and (æfur?)
> with old age and full of injustice.

> He began to grow old quickly and became difficult and
> angry with age and very full of injustice.

He began now to age rapidly and became difficult and angry
in his old age and very full of injustice.

Rob: <æfur> is older <œfr>.

> Lagðist og mjög ómjúkt á með þeim Arnkatli feðgum.

> Much harsh(ness) also arose between the Arnkatls, father
> and son.

> Also placed much harshness between them, Arnkell and his
> father.

Much harshness also arose between them, Arnkell and his
father.

Here the neuter adjective <ómjúkt> 'harsh' is apparently
functioning as an abstract noun 'harshness'.

> Það var einn dag að Þórólfur reið inn til Úlfarsfells að
> finna Úlfar bónda.

> It was one day that Thorolfr rode inward to
> Wolf's-mountain to meet farmer Ulf.

> It was one day that Thorolf rode in to Ulfarsfell to meet
> farmer Ulf.

There was a certain day when Þórólf rode in to Úlfarsfell to
meet Úlfar [the] yeoman.

The man’s name is <Úlfarr>, English <Ulfar>; if it were
<Úlfr>, English <Ulf>, the genitive (in the place-name)
would be <Úlfs>, and the accusative after <finna> would be
<Úlf>.

> Hann var forverksmaður góður og tekinn til þess að honum
> hirðist skjótar hey en öðrum mönnum.

> He was a good able-workman and this began that hay was
> gathered in to him and other men.

> He was a good able workman and taken for that that he
> gathered in hay quicker than other men.

He was a good, able workman and particularly noted for this,
that he gathered in hay faster than other men [‘to him was
gathered in hay faster than to other men’].

> Hann var og svo fésæll að fé hans dó aldrei af megri eða
> drephríðum.

> He was also so wealthy that his flock never died of
> leanness (i.e., starvation) or snowstorms.

> He was also so blessed with wealth that his livestock
> never died of starvation or destructive snow storms.

He was also so lucky with livestock ['livestock-blessed']
that his livestock never died of leanness or severe
snowstorms.

<Fésæll> has here its literal meaning 'fortunate with
livestock' rather than the extended sense 'wealthy'. And
let me check – yes, Baetke actually does mention both
senses.

> En er þeir Þórólfur fundust spurði Þórólfur hvert ráð
> Úlfar gæfi honum hversu hann skyldi haga verksháttum sínum
> eða hversu honum segði hugur um sumar hversu þerrisamt
> vera mundi.

> And when they Thorolfr met, Thorolfr asked what advice
> Ulfar gave him how he should manage his working method,
> how a feeling told him concerning how dry a summer (it)
> would be.

> And when they, Thorolf (and he) met, Thorolf asked what
> advice Ulf could give him how he should manage his working
> methods or what his opinion was regarding how the (hay)
> drying weather would be.

And when they met, [he and] Þórólf, Þórólf asked what advice
Úlfar would give him [about] how he should arrange his
working methods, or what he would anticipate concerning
summer, how good for drying [it] would be.

<Gæfi> is subjunctive, 'would give'. See <hugr> Z4 for
<segja e-m hugr um>.

> Úlfar svarar: "Eigi kann eg þér annað ráð að kenna en
> sjálfum mér.

> Ulfar answers: "I cannot show you another plan than to
> myself.

> Ulf answers, “I am not able to advise you otherwise to
> know than (that of) myself.

Úlfar answers: ‘I am not able to teach you any other advice
than [I can teach] me myself.

> Eg mun láta bera út ljá í dag og slá undir sem mest má
> þessa viku alla því að eg hygg að hún muni verða regnsöm
> en eg get að eftir það mun verða gott til þerra hinn næsta
> hálfan mánuð."

> I will cause to carry out a scythe today and strike under
> as most is able this week all because I think that she
> will become rainy but I get that after that it will become
> good to hang clothes up to dry the next half month."

> I will have the new mown hay? (P today and cut as much as
> possible all this week because I think that it will be
> rainy, but I guess that after that will be good for the
> next two weeks.

I will have [the] scythes taken out today and mow the most
[I] can this whole week , for I think that it will be rainy,
but I guess that after that [it] will be good for drying the
next half month.’

For <undir> see CV III. <Hún> refers to the feminine noun
<vika>.

> Fór þetta svo sem hann sagði því að það fannst oft á að
> hann kunni gerr veður að sjá en aðrir menn.

> This went so as she said because that was often perceived
> that she knew skill to see weather (OK, "weather" looks
> like the subject, not an object here, but I don't know
> "weather" fits as a subject) than other men.

> This happened as he said because it was found often that
> he was skilled at knowing (how) to predict weather
> (better) than other men.

This went as he said, for it was often noticed that he
understood weather more fully than other people.

Rob: <veður> is a neuter noun, and the <r> is part of the
stem, not an inflectional ending; thus, <veður> is both nom.
and acc., here the latter.

> Síðan fór Þórólfur heim.
> Then Thorolfr went home.
> Afterwards Thorolf went home.

Then Þórólf went home.

> Hann hafði með sér mart verkmanna.
> He had with himself many a workman.
> He had with him many workmen.

He had with him many workmen.

> Lét hann nú og þegar taka til engiverka.
> He now at once caused to begin meadow-work.
> He had (them) now at once begin meadow work.

He now had [them] at once begin meadow-work.

> Veður fór þannig sem Úlfar hafði sagt.
> (The) weather went the way that Ulfar had said.
> The weather went that way as Ulf had said.

[The] weather turned out as Úlfar had said.

Brian