Hi there,

You are really improving.

IN Sn. we have "[Fyrðar, " You note the bracket.

"Fyrd" I take it for Norse word whish refers to lighthouse nowadays
if I recall rightly:or some spelling version of it.

Soloecismus [Solecism]: That is female noun is replaced for male
noun. See also "Byrði/Byrðar".
Husband as "Verr" is one of the old western Values: He protects his
family. I miss the lyric.

You see our "Skáld" distinguish all "mál" as "bundið" or "ó-bundið:
laust"
[Metrical phrases are vere. Though I reckon each Icelandic word is
metrical if Isolated.]
"Bundið mál" that is poetry.

"All Icelandic words are
stressed on the first syllable."

"Leggja áhersluna á" does not necessarily mean to stress.

That is the stem or the first syllable includes also the main
meaning. We do not stress at all. See: we are not "Farsi-tongue".

But may be we emphasise the obeying of the meaning "Hest"
in "Hest'x" rather then the affix x which belongs to {'ur,-i,-(e)
ss, -ar,-a,-um}.

Maybe sometimes the accentuation of the suffix has tendencies to
be "weaker".

In other words: As opposed to Latin is the Icelandic stress-factor.

The national Saying: " á fyrsta atkvæði" could be out of Irony or
just out of ignorance.
There are always few experts in oral Latin.

Yes, no stress, as it sounds, as an overstatement.

As Icelandic has British roots [see Sn and Tacitus]: Icelandic Long
y sounds as British Y in "bodY" Yes í=Y=y.
In modern Icelandi we always distinguish the naturally long sound Ý
by slashing it. In British is used the Ý.
Un slashed y sounds as the short í sound that is as "i".

Like y in British í/ý goes j before vowels. íol> jól eeou>you.
Britsh y sounds as j before vowels.
y is combond letter: v + j(í):
We read(obey) from left to write: j + v.
jv is in Icelandic spelling Ju or Jú.

Njú or New or Ný. (N)ý is said newest in norrænu and the runes.

Thanks Blanc Uoden ON-Amateur

vjol or just viol see vi=6

There is/was no need of y or ý in oral speaking.
Hva er bogið við Y?

--- In norse_course@yahoogroups.com, "llama_nom" <600cell@...> wrote:
>
>
> > So, would it be fair to say that in nature Herlið refers to
more
> an agressor people and Fyrð as a protector/defender type of people?
> (or am I misunderstanding here).
>
> I think 'herlið' is just a neutral word for "troops", whatever they
> may be used for. It can be used of invading soldiers, as for
example
> the army of the Huns in Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks, but also for
> defenders or simply troops in general, as in the following quotes.
> The first is from Ólafs saga Tryggvasonar in Heimskringla,
followed by
> an example from Völsunga saga:
>
> Valdimar konungur setti hann höfðingja yfir herlið það er hann
sendi
> til að verja land sitt.
> "King Vladimir appointed him as commander over the troops that he
sent
> to defend his land."
>
> Atli konungur sendir mig hingað og vildi að þið sæktuð hann heim
með
> miklum sóma og þægjuð af honum mikinn sóma, hjálma og skjöldu,
sverð
> og brynjur, gull og góð klæði, herlið og hesta og mikið lén,
> "King Atli sends me hither and wishes that you come to visit him in
> great honour and receive from him great honour/respect, helmets and
> shields, swords and coats of mail, gold and fine clothes, troops
and
> horses and great gifts."
>
> I'm not sure about this 'fyrð'. There is an Old English
word 'fierd'
> or 'fyrd' which I think referred to a defensive militia. There is
an
> Old Norse word 'fyrðar' "men, warriors". I would have thought the
> nominative singular would be *fyrðir, if it did occur (just my
guess),
> but as far as I know the word is only attested in the plural. The
> dictionaries and glossaries that I've been able to consult give the
> plural form only. As for usage, it's not a word that would
normally
> be used in prose, but part of the special poetic vocabulary. The
> meaning seems to be fairly broad. It can refer to men engaged in
any
> sort of activity, or no activity in particular (e.g. when used as a
> base word in kennings). It's true that Skáldskaparmál, part of
> Snorri's Edda, a 13th century manual for poets, does contain the
> statement 'fyrðar ok firar ok verar eru landvarnarmenn' "fyrdar and
> firar and verar are men who defend a country", but this idea may be
> inspired by certain similar-sounding words (e.g. an association
with
> words such as 'forða' "to save", 'verja' "to defend"); the whole
> section explains the origins of such terms using folk etymologies
and
> perceived connections with mythological or legendary figures to
> explain the words. In practice, as far as I know, they're are all
> used in poetry for men in the most general sense. 'firar' is
another
> poetic word for men. A related word is used in the same way in Old
> English and Old Saxon poetry. I've seen 'firar' explained by
modern
> scholars as being related to words such as ON 'fjör' "life", OE
> 'feorh' "life", Gothic 'fairhvus' "world"; compare also OE 'ferhþ'
> "mind, heart, spirit, understanding; life". Not that a words
origins
> dictates how it is used at any particular time... The singular of
> 'verar', 'verr' occurs in prose with the meaning "husband".
>
> > > Also the word Lith, I have seen used to refer to warbands,
but I
> cannot find any information on 'lith' - is lith the same as lið?
>
> Presumably 'lith' is just an Anglicised spelling of the Old Norse /
> Icelandic word 'lið' which is used like 'herlið' to mean "troops",
> "soldiers", "forces", "an army" (besides having various other
> meanings). Are these links any use?
>
> A Modern Icelandic dictionary:
> http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-
bin/IcelOnline/IcelOnline.TEId-idx?type=header&id=IcelOnline.IEOrd
>
> Some Old Norse / Icelandic dictionaries:
> http://norse.ulver.com/ondict/zoega/index.html
>
http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~kurisuto/germanic/oi_cleasbyvigfusson_abou
t.html#images
>
> The first, Zoega's, is actually an abridgement of the other.
>
>
>
> > Also, how do I pronounce these words, Herlið and Fyrðar?
>
> In English, however you like! In Icelandic, hmmm... The
letter 'ð'
> is like 'th' in English 'heather'. The 'r' is rolled or trilled,
more
> or less as in Scottish English, or Spanish. All Icelandic words
are
> stressed on the first syllable. 'herlið' as a compound word also
has
> a secondary stress on the second syllable, like two-syllable
English
> compound words, e.g. 'headline', 'catflap', etc. The vowels, 'e'
as
> in English 'bed'. 'a' something like the 'a' in English 'father'.
>
> Modern Icelandic: 'y' like 'i' in English 'pin'. The 'i' in
> '(her)lið' as in English 'pin', but longer in this word.
>
> Old Icelandic (early medieval), probably, to the best of my
knowledge:
> 'i' short and tense as in French 'dix'. 'y' like French 'u'
in 'lune'.
>
> Hope that wasn't completely baffling. I would just add that I'm
not a
> native speaker of Icelandic, and that my understanding of the
> language, ancient and modern, is far from complete! Also that it
> isn't really possible to explain with perfect accuracy the sounds
of
> one language in terms of the spelling of another.
>
> Llama Nom
>