Yes indeed Dirk both interesting and important, very worthy of note,  this translation stuff has got to me, I wonder what will be thought of my second bit, knowing some German and O/E really seems to help.
I have sent for the books and they are a long time coming, it'll have me chewin' the nails off meself so it will.
Blessings
Patricia
PS Can you ket me know of a source ??online?? preferably where there might be maps that would show where the different tribes were situated, I should much appreciate this
----- Original Message -----
From: Dirk Howat
Sent: Saturday, October 30, 2004 5:05 AM
Subject: [norse_course] Re: I am learning


Patricia,

I looked at some of my sources today. You are right, Cleasby Vigfusson
uses franklin as a definition.

The deal, bond is not used a a meaning of bondi with CV ON dictionary.
But, I looked at Wright's Gothic Grammar to see where bond fit in:

ga-bundi = bond
ga being a common Gothic prefix

Thus:

Gothic bundi - to bond
ON     bondi

relating to the other definition of bondi deriving from bua dwell.
In gothic it is bua as well which is related to baurgs or city. This
relation of bau and baurgs makes total sense but bau and baurgs is not
etymologically related to ga-bundi.

Cleasby - Vigfusson and subsequently Zoega got it wrong. ON bondi is
derived from the earlier Germanic Gothic word ga-bundi. Some  view
Gothic a proto-Norse in a way because Goths came from Scandinavia and
were "Norse", i.e. northerners. Gothic is circa 300 CE whereas ON is
circa 1000 CE.

I believe this is very strong proof. Interesting huh?



 



--- In norse_course@yahoogroups.com, "Patricia"
<originalpatricia@...> wrote:
>   Another definition of bondi one which I like is given by Zoega,
and it is a franklin = which in mediaeval times certainly meant a
Freeholder of non-noble birth holding extensive property, I cannot
help thinking maybe bondsman  or serf sounds a trifle too servile, but
Tenant I offer as my two  pence (English currency), and truly tenant I
consider, if too modern then cerainly nearer the mark of the man's
status in the community
>   Patricia
>     ----- Original Message -----
>     From: Laurel Bradshaw
>     To: norse_course@yahoogroups.com
>     Sent: Friday, October 29, 2004 5:19 PM
>     Subject: Re: [norse_course] Re: I am learning
>
>
>     The problem with trying to be that "literal" is that word
meanings do change over time.  I don't know any translators that would
give "bondsman" as a translation for "bondi" because the modern
meaning contains the idea of servitude.  They weren't servants.  I
believe the relationship was more contractual, much like a person
today would have with their employer.  So farmer doesn't "quite" work
either, but they were more than a hired hand, and yeoman just sounds
archaic.  So I'll stick with farmer, understanding that the actual
social position was more complex in a narrower sense perhaps) than
that.  If you choose to use the word bondsman or bondwoman, it is with
the same understanding that the actual social position is more complex
(though in a broader sense) than that.  Being conservative or more
liberal in translation is not better than... just a different way of
approaching it.  That's why I give both a word-by-word and a "modern"
translation.
>
>     Laurel
>       ----- Original Message -----
>       From: Dirk Howat
>       To: norse_course@yahoogroups.com
>       Sent: Friday, October 29, 2004 10:28 AM
>       Subject: [norse_course] Re: I am learning
>
>
>
>       Laurel,
>
>       I did not stat that this unfree class was bound to the land, I
was
>       rather giving different meanings to what a bondi could be in any
>       context.
>
>       You stated:
>
>       >They held many rights under the law in
>       > comparison to the thralls. They could bear witness,
>       > produce verdicts, vote on public matters, attend
>       > religious ceremonies, and make and bear weapons
>
>       They were not then totally free, but constrained, bonded. It
seems
>       that they were bounded under social norms and thus were bonded
to a
>       higher ruling class. Laurel, if your supposition is correct then,
>       when a translator reads bondi in a ON text, as Sarah did, you
would
>       translate it as bondsmen or bondwomen, as the case may be. Not
>       farmer as seemingly all translator normally do. Again, this is
>       probably a semantic correlation of functionality so the reader
can
>       get the drift. But the translator could get it wrong. As you
>       mentioned, if you read a bondi going viking, well you would
not want
>       to translate it as a farmer going viking, but a bondsmen going
>       viking. This then affirms a more literal translation method
over a
>       translation method less conservative and more liberal where the
>       translator gives his or her own "take" on the story.
>
>
>     A Norse funny farm, overrun by smart people.
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