Hi Arlie!

> I may need to slow down and memorize some more vocabulary.

Always a good idea. :-) My thought for this week was to
sit down and do some work with the text we have so far.
We'll probably make similar stops in the future.

Feedback on the methodology and pedagogy is welcome.

> Tveir hirðmenn konungsins eru nefndir, er þar váru þá með hánum;
> Two retainers of the king are named, who were there then with him;

Correct.

> hét annarr Sigurðr, en annarr Hárekr.
> one was called Sigurðr, and the other Hárekr.

Correct.

> Þessir broeðr gengu um kaupstaðinn jafnan
> These brothers went around the market town always

Correct.

Note that Old Norse has no special 'imperfectum' tense.
A more idiomatic English translation would probably be
"These brothers were always walking around town..."
Just a note. I know you prefer to translate as literally
as possible.

> (jafnan's got to be an adverb here, because otherwise
> we'd have um inn jafna kaupstað)

Exactly!

> ok vildu kaupa sér gullhring þann er beztan fengu þeir ok mestan.
>>
> and wanted to buy him [might be 'from him', the hero, but more
> likely 'for him', the king] the [this] gold ring which was the
> best and biggest anyone [they] made.

Slow down here :-) The pronoun

(nom. missing)
acc. sik
dat. sér
gen. sín

is reflexive and is usually best translated by
"himself, herself, itself, themselves".

> Þeir kvámu í eina búð þar er harðla vel var um búizt.
>>
> They came into one stall (booth) there which was very
> well appointed
> (um búizt .. guessing this might be a form
> of búinn or other derivative of búa).

Correct. It is the past participle middle voice of 'búa'.

> Þar sat maðr fyrir ok fagnaði þeim vel ok spurði hvat
> þeir vildi kaupa.
>>
> A man sat there in front (of it) and
> welcomed them gladly and asked what they wanted to buy.

Correct.

> Þeir sögðusk vilja kaupa gullhring mikinn ok góðan.
> They said that they wanted to buy the a large and good gold ring.

Correct.

> Hann kvað ok gott val mundu á vera.
> He said also it must be a good choice.

Uhm. Yeah. I'd probably omit the 'ok' in translation.

> Þeir spyrja hann at nafni, en hann nefndisk Hólmgeirr auðgi.
> They asked him his name, and he named himself Hólmgeirr the rich.

Correct.

> Brýtr hann nú upp gørsimar sínar ok sýnir þeim einn
> digran gullhring,
>>
> He now unpacks his treasures and showed them one thick
> golden ring,

Correct. You could just as well translate 'einn' with the
English indefinite article.

> ok var það gørsimi sem mest,
> and that treasure was as great as any,

Your "as great as any" translation continues to work out well.

> ok mat svá dýrt at þeir þóttusk eigi sjá hvárt þeir munu
> allt þat silfr fá,
>>
> and he valued it so dear that they didn't think to see
> whether they must give all their silver,

Now you've translated so literally that the English
that comes out is nonsensical to me :-)

The sentence means something like:

"He put such a great price on it that they didn't think
they could get all that silver"

> er hann mælti fyrir, þegar í stað, ok beiddu hann
> fresta til morgins,
>>
> when he said first, at once into (the) place, and
> they asked him to wait until morning,

The word 'fyrir' never means "first" (that's 'fyrstr').
The phrasal verb 'mæla fyrir' means "proscribe". Zoëga
takes this phrase from Færeyinga saga as an example.
Note the many uses attached to this verb. Many phrasal
verbs too.

http://www.northvegr.org/zoega/306.html

> en hann játaði því.
> and he agreed to it.

Correct.

> Nú gengu þeir í burt við svo búit, ok leið af sú nátt.
> Now they went away without more ado (assuming svo == svá),
> and the night passed (passed of that night).

Correct. A younger 'svo' slipped into my text.

> En um morguninn gengr Sigurðr í brott úr búðinni, en
> Hárekr var eptir.
>>
> But in the morning Sigurðr went away from the booth,
> and Hárekr went after him.

A perfectly logical guess - but not correct.
The phrase 'vera eptir' means 'stay behind'.

> Ok litlu síðar kømr Sigurðr utan að tjaldskörum
> ok mælti:
>>
> And a little later (afterwards) Sigurðr came out
> to the edge of the tent and spoke:

Correct.

> "Hárekr frændi," sagði hann;
> "Hárekr (my) kinsman," he said;

Correct.

> "seldu mér sjóðinn skjótt, þann er silfrit er í,
> "give me the money bag quickly, that which the silver is in,

Correct.

> þat er vit ætluðum til hringskaupsins,
> it which we (2) intended for the ring purchase,

Correct.

> því at nú er samit kaupit,
> because now which the same is purchased,

'Samit' is not a form of 'samr'. It is the past
participle of the verb 'semja'. I see I forgot
listing this verb on the page.

> en þú bíð hér meðan ok gæt hér búðarinnar."
> and you wait here in the meantime and watch the booth here.

Correct.

> Nú fær hann honum silfrit út í gegnum tjaldskarirnar.
> Now he brought the silver out to him through the edge of the tent

Correct.

I see this week's text was difficult. As I mentioned
to Sarah it's hard for me to actually know until you
lot run into the obstacles - head first ;-)

Kveðja,
Haukur