V = unrounded O
This incl. data from:
Ps Pashto
Pamir
pa Parachi
or Ormuri
sh Shughni
r Ros^ani: \ Rushani
xf Khufi:
Dardic
Bs Bhat.eri / Bhat.é-sa zí:b
D Degano
A AtsHareetaá
si Shina
Kh Khowàr
Km Kashmiri
Nuristani
Kv kAmvíri
Kt kAtá vari
Sa san^u-vi:ri
Ni nis^ei-alA
Ps had 2 stages.
1 umlaut of u > ü > ë
plús.i- (f) S; *frús.i > -a: > wrëz.a (f) Ps;
2 dia. u > i (as you said)
Dardic had 2 stages.
1 u > ü then ü > ü / u / i (seemingly opt.)
2 umlaut of u > ü > ü / ë / V / i (depending on dia./l.)
I don't think the above are related (dif. changes/order).
Ev.:
recent (umlaut):
raopi- = jackal/fox?
urupi- (m) = dog Av; >> *würüfi > wVfV´r (m) = fox si;
kuma:rá-s = youth/boy/son V S;
*kuma:r.á: (f) > *kumar.á.: >
kumòru = girl Kh;
*kuma:r.í: > *kumar.í.: >
kimèri = woman Kh;
old (seemingly opt.):
putrá- V S; >> putr A; pütr Kv;
mukhá-m = mouth / face RV S; >> mòx = face Kh; mux A; mük Kv;
thou E; tu: L; tù Kh; tü Kv;
two E; dváu S; j^ù Kh; dü Kv;
pulmund.ùk Kh; prüs^púlik Kv; = butterfly
pHokHr (adj) pHokHu- = small Ar; >> pHukró = a little bit, [der.] pHùk = few Kh; pHit.ó = small / little, [der.] pHík = few Bs;
incl. after C, > uC in:
mr,gá-s = game / stag/gazelle / large bird RV S;
mërëGa- Av; morG = bird P;
múgur = billy goat Bs; mürü´s. = ibex Kv; mùru = f. ibex Kh;
*kYr,Ngo-s >
çr,´Nga- S; surùng \ srùng Kh; *sYr.iNg > *sr.iN > s.ing Kv;
horn
drùng = long/tall Kh; d.V´No = high si;
pr,´da:ku- (m) RV, pr,dakú:- (f) AV, pr,da:khu- = leopard/tiger/snake S;
*pr,d-m,-kHu+ > *purd-úm-Xu+ > *purd-úm-hu+ > purdúm = leopard Kh; >> phúrdum = adder/snake Burusho;
*purd-úm-Xu+ > *pud-rúN-Xu+ > *pdrúN-Xu+ > *ptrun.s.u ? > trunzu Km;
This expl. why sh. r, > ur / ir ( > eX / etc.).
Also, ü caused umlaut in:
aru- (m) = sun S; >> yór = sun Kh;
*
aru
arü
örü
wYarü
wYar
yar
which also shows ö > wYa > ya (most a > O > o)
If u- > ü- then ü- > wYü- > wYÜ- > we- before fric.:
Iranian *uzayana+ > wezén 'last night' Kh
Skt is.u- > *üs.u > wes.ù 'arrow' Kh
Also, this umlaut in an intermediate stage is shown by:
nine E; novem L; náva V S; nyòf Kh; no D; no Sa; nu Ni; nu Kv; Kt;
ten E; decem L; dáça V S; j^os^ Kh; dos Sa; dos^ Ni; duts Kv; Kt;
*
dekYm,
dekYum
dekYüm
dakYüm
dacYüm
döcYüm
döcYü
döcY
with *döcY > dos; dos^; duts ; in Nuristani
but again ö > wYa > in Kh;
*
döcY
dösY
dwYasY
dyasY
dyosY
dYyosY
jYyosY
jYyosY no sY > s (assim. of fric. )
jYosY
j^os^
I said long ago it was poss. PIE ü < u in Skt.
Skt. borrowings in Nuristani showing ü < u are part of this, but this expl. opt. like:
ju:rn.á- RV \ ji:rn.á- AV = worn out / soft(ened) / old S; gra:num = a grain L;
géro:n = old man G;
for C,
and for:
cumbere; cuba:re = recline / lie down, cubitus = elbow L;
chúbuka- RV \ cubuka- \ cibuka- \ civuka- = chin S;
kúbos = hollow above hips on cattle G;
an intermediate stage with ü
*kubika > *kübika > *kibüka \ *kübüka > *kibuka \
expl. more simply the met/assim.
ti:rthá-m = passage/way/ford V S; *tu:rthá- > tu:ha- = shore/border Pk;
tHu:rt \ tHúht = ford Kh; >> türt Wk;
tongue E;
juhú: \ jihvá: (f) RV, jihvá-s (m) S;
tHu:rt >> türt may show retention of ü in a borrowing.