2013/8/18, r_brunner <
rbrunner@...>:
> The Wiktionary entry at http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/war#Tocharian_B for
> the Tocharian B word for "water" gives a PIE form *udrom as the probable
> origin for this and states that *udrom is a "regular (endocentric)
> thematicization".
>
> I could not find out what this means. Does this say that already in PIE
> there might have been a special form *udrom of the "water" word and say
> something how that form might have developed?
'Thematicization' means that a thematic vowel *-o- is added to a
consonantal stem, in this case *udr-. 'Endocentric' has two meanings:
1) in derivational morphology, it's a derivation without suffixes and,
precisely, based on the weak stem (= stem of the Genitive case) of the
basic word, in this case *udr- (Nominative *wed-ōr, Genitive *ud-r-os,
stem *ud-r- + ending *-os);
2) in thematicizations and compositional morphology, an endocentric
derivation keeps the same referent of the basic word, while an
exocentric one gets possessive meaning (e.g. *'udro-, with root
accent, should mean 'water', while *udr-'o-, with suffixal accent,
should mean 'having water').
In this case both meanings of 'endocentric' seem to have been
conflated together, since *udr-o- is both base on weak stem *ud-r- and
provided with the same referent 'water'
>
> I traced the info back to the entry for "war" in "A Dictionary of Tocharian
> B" by Douglas Q. Adams, so it's probably reasonably up-to-date, but that
> entry does not include more explanation concerning this.
>
> And what is *udrom in the root-suffix-ending scheme? *ud-r-om? With what
> roles for suffix "r" and ending "om"?
>
zero grade for both root (*ud-) and suffix (*-r-) implies a basic
word with a hysterokinetic or amphikinetic paradigm (hysterokinetic =
strong stems with zero-grade root, accented full or lengthened suffix
and zero ending, weak stems with zero grado root and suffix and
accented full-grade endings; amphikinetic = strong stems with
full-grade accented root, zero-grade suffix, and lengthened ending,
weak stems with zero grado root and suffix and accented full-grade
endings, although in strong stems the lengthened grade can affect the
suffix instead of the ending);
the ending *-o-m exhibits thematic vowel, in the thought of our
most regretted Jens a sort of postponed article, with the marker of
non-animate gender in direct cases