--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Sean Whalen <stlatos@...> wrote:
>
>
> --- alexandru_mg3 <alexandru_mg3@...> wrote:
>
> >
> > Hello,
> > 'I detected' that we have a long u: in Latin
> > hu:ma:nus
> >
> > If somebody can help me to correctly derived this
> > word...
> > It should be:
> > *dHg^H-o:m-h3n- > hu:ma:nus
>
> PIE *ghdo:m > Pre-Latin *hu:m and then an adjective
> was formed from the generalized nominative just as
> *bho:r > fu:r >> fu:rti:vus.
>
combined with
>> Breton douar, Welsh daear 'earth'
>
Jens Rasmussen (Miscellaneous morphological problems in Indo-European
languages V, CWPL 2, p. 98) suggests W. daear/Br. douar come from PIE
*dems-(h1)eg'her@2 "the borders of the dwelling", while Holger
Pedersen (Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen I-II, 1909-
1913) suggests PIE di- + H1eg'her.
- Chris Gwinn
>
leads me to believe a similar sequence occurred in Celtic for 'man', the words under consideration:
dú (nom) don (g) OI;
daear W; douar B; (above)
Danu (nom) Danann (g) = (goddess) OI;
dyn (s) dyneddon (p) W; duine () dóini () = man OI;
In a simpl. way:
1
An IE word * gHdo:m * gHdom+ existed.
2
By analogy w 'field', in Celtic the odd m-stem formed a new mn-stem neutral (very common), * gHdom-n+ or * gHdem-n+ . Later, the nom. mn > wr , still later syl. r > ar (so then > daear W; douar B;). Whatever semantic dif. they might have had, * gHdo:m was used partially for the goddess, and they remained in existence until at least close to historical times.
3
As in Greek, -m > -n, then analogy from the nom. ( khthó:n () khthonós (g) G; * gHdo:n * gHdon+ ).
4
As o: > u: , the odd * gHdu:n * gHdon+ now existed.
5
gHd- > d- , so * du:n * don+ (later > dú (nom) don (g) OI;).
6
The odd * du:n * don+, used partially for the goddess of the earth, underwent mixing > * donu:n in that specific sense (probably because of earlier (and mostly retained) -o:n ( > -onos, -ona: ) in god-names.
7
As o>a/_u (as in * doru > * daru > daur OI;), * donu:n > * danu:n (later > Danu (nom) Danann (g) = (goddess) OI;).
8
As in Greek, though -m- remained in in some retentions (like khamaí = on the ground G;), usually new words w -n- were formed (like khthónios = under the earth G;), so for '() of the earth' > 'earthling / man':
* don+ >> * donixYno+
and/or
* du:n >> * dunixYno+
depending on the (needed?) V, without getting into unneeded controversy.
9
* donixYno+ > * doniyno+
10
* doniyno+ > * doniyon+ (opt. met.)
(this form later > * dun(i)yon+ > dyn (s) dyneddon (p) W;)
11
* doniyno+ > * doniyo+ (opt. dis.)
(this form later > * dunyo+ > duine = man OI;)
12
* doniyno+ > * donino+
12
* donino+ > * doino+ (dis. in all remaining)
13
* doniyo+ \ * doino+ mix > * doniyo+ \ * doiniyo+
14
The plural, etc., * doiniyoi > * doiniyi: > dóini OI;