Re: [tied] A Wanderwort of Ultimate Luwian Origin from the Root *bhe

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Tavi" <oalexandre@...> wrote:

>
> --- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Rick McCallister <gabaroo6958@>
> wrote:
> >
> > BTW: It would be good to know when iron weapons first turn up in
> > Etruria, that would help determine the source
> >
> > > Rick, have you heard of the Villanovian culture?
> >
> > Yes, but remember I'm on chemo, so please be complete
> >
> Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. I hope you'll recover completely.
>
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villanovan_culture
>
> If I'm not mistaken, iron was introduced in Italy by Villanovan people,
> which according to most specialists are the direct ancestors of the
> historical Etruscans.

Careful please. The article notes the majority agreeing with Pallottino that Villanovan culture was ancestral to Etruscan civilization. This is not the same as "Villanovan people" ancestral to the Etruscans introducing iron-working from outside of Italy.

Villanovan culture comes from Urnfield culture, so one would expect their language to be Sorothaptic (or "Illyro-Lusitanian"), and this cannot be ancestral to the non-IE Etruscan language. Probably the Proto-Villanovan incomers practiced elite dominance with their superior technology, but were then largely assimilated like the Normans into the English.

The Etruscan name of Bologna is Felsina, which I believe we can understand as based on IE *pels- 'rock, cliff, crag' (German <Fels>, Macedonian <Pella>, Mac.(?) <pella> 'lithos' i.e. 'stone' Hes.). For (aspirated) IE *p{H}- becoming Etr. f- cf. Umbrian *Poplons > Etr. Fufluns 'Liber, Dionysus'. Possibly Latin <mare>, <lacus>, and <taxus> owe their /a/-vocalism to borrowing from this Illyrioid "Proto-Villanovan" stratum as well.

DGK