Re: Slavery and Slave trade in Antiquity II: *xolp-/*kolp-

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Brian M. Scott" <bm.brian@...> wrote:

>
> > Latin cartila:go 'cartilage' ~ Kartvelian *Grt'il-
> > (*xrt'il-) 'cartilage'
> > Latin curculio: 'weevil' ~ Kartvelian *k'rk'il- 'moth'
> > Latin furca 'pitchfork' ~ Kartvelian *gRdz^Ga/*k'rts^xa 'fork,
> > bifurcated twig'
>
> *G,*x,*k', eh?
>

I don't know what do you mean by "eh?", but they're respectively the voiced velar and voiceless velar fricatives and the ejective velar stop.

In these and other correspondences Kartvelian wasn't always the source, but in many cases it was actually the receptor, as in e.g. PK *diGom- 'humus' (please notice there're no "voiced aspirated" here) or *o(s^)tx(w)- '4'. In addition to these and other early IE loanwords there're also Wanderwörrten such as *laGw- 'fig' (Greek súkon, Armenian t'uz, Latin fi:cus).

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...> wrote:
>
> Another instance where
> Germanic preserves a verb lost elsewhere is *singW-i/a- < *sengWH-
> 'sing' (cf. Gk. ompHe: < *songWH-ah2).
>
This corresponds to Kartvelian *dz1ax- 'to call, to be named; name'. Usually PK *x corresponds to PIE *h2 as in PK *zisx-L- 'blood' ~ IE *h1esh2-r-, but after a nasal infix a "neutralization" occurs: Latin sanguis 'blood'.