Re: Where and how developed die Jiddische Sproch

At 6:11:52 AM on Friday, November 19, 2010, Torsten wrote:

>> Looking at Celtic, perhaps they were "navigable" in the
>> sense of "riding" the rivers. Road is occasionally used
>> for a sea passage in English and your Viking ancestors
>> sailed the "Whale Road." So would "navigator, rider" be a
>> possibility for Radhanite?

> Given that the '(make) ready', ie. "equip" family is
> there, and given that the family of Dutch 'reeder' means
> "ship owner/operator" (the "road" sense is particular to
> English within Germanic AFAIK, in Dutch / Low German ->
> German / Scandinavian the senses are all connected with
> the sea) I think "ship outfitter/operator/owner" (cf.
> 'rig') is better.

> These tend to support that sense, IMHO:

[...]

> de Vries:

> 'ráð n. "advice, decision; situation; household; marriage",
> Run. Norw. wa[n]ðaraðas (Saude 6 Jht),

As Antonsen has pointed out, part of this reading by Bugge
is impossible; the inscription must actually have been
<wajaradas>, genitive of a name *Wajarādaz 'woe-counselor'.
(Not that this affects the relevant part, of course.)

> Sw. frawa-raðaR (Möjebro c 400, Krause Nr 66),
> Icel. Faroe rað, Norw. Da. raad [råd], Sw. råd.
> -> ME rāþ, rād (Björkman 91 u. 165); >
> Shetl. rō (Jakobsen 659); >
> N Saami raððe (Thomsen 2, 208).
> - OE ræd, OFr. red, OS rād, OHG rāt "advice, care",
> cf Gothic garedaba "honorable".
> - Sanskrit rādhas "blessing, favor, gift",
> OSl. rad "business";
> dh-extension to the heavy base *r?" : *rə,
> beside the IE root *ar (cf arðr IEW 60).
> - cf ráda, ráðr 2, Rán 2, ræði, ræða 2, ro,ð, ro,ðull 2 and hundrað.

> In ON ráð also means "the gods", cf

So far as I can tell, there's no evidence of this in ON
itself. Whenever the sense developed, however, it clearly
developed from <ráða> 'to rule, to govern'.

> Norw. raa,
> Sw. dial. råd, rå "spirits, trolls"
> (s. Levander, Nysvenska stud. 3, 101);
> cf halfræingi.

> - Several names are formed with ráð:
> Ráðbarðr, Ráðgeirr, Ráðonnr, Ráðstafr, Ráðulfr, Ráðvaldr and
> f. Ráðgerðr, Ráðgríðr
> (if

Here it's 'when'.

> not legendary names, predominantly used in Sw., s. A.
> Janzén NK 7, 1947, 132), cf also under -ráðr 2.

[...]

> Engl. 'road' must have been *ra:d- vel sim. at some time,
> IIRC.

English <road> most likely has multiple sources. In
particular, it's quite likely that the usual modern senses
('a way, a path' and related senses) derive from OE <rodu>
'a clearing', which is found in charters and place-names in
the extended senses 'linear clearing, track, way, road', and
so are unrelated to the senses derived from the 'ride' root.

Brian