--- In
cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "bmscotttg" <BMScott@...> wrote:
>
>
>
> --- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Torsten" <tgpedersen@>
> wrote:
>
> > --- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "t0lgs001" <st.9eor9e@>
> > wrote:
>
> [...]
>
> >> The Wüterich above, Dracula, was a "Wajde", i.e. a Wojwode
> >> (voyvoda) (yet in his country his rank was above of that of a
> >> "mere" Heeresführer, he was kind of Herzog).
>
> > Erh, you do know that heri-zogo actually means "Heeresführer"?
>
> Etymologically speaking, yes, but at a very early date the word
> had already acquired the narrower sense that George obviously
> has in mind.
>
Same as dux, and vojevoda.
I know, but I think there's a lesson to be learned in the development. The developments in the sense of this word at the 'early date' you mention are a function of the sociological changes a nomad army-leader and his attached army undergo and by necessity must undergo after they reach their goal of installing themselves on top of their unwilling agricultural neighbors, they are not a causeless, one-off event. This also means that the two senses are not immobile and mutually exclusive, they are stages in the development af a function as changed by outer circumstances. In other words, in an established sedentary state, a Heeres-führer under a duke/Herzog might be 'mere' but in the nomadic people/army (where the people *is* the army) the Herzog and the Heeres-führer is the same person (Attila, Djengis Khan etc).
You should try this book:
http://www.amazon.com/History-Goths-Herwig-Wolfram/dp/0520069838
Torsten