>Osset. arg "price" - Hung. ár "price", alku "trade";
alku "deal, bargain"
>Osset. avg "glass" - Hung. üveg "glass"; /'ü-vaeg/
>Osset. ävzist "silver" - Hung. ezüst "silver"; /'aezüSt/
>Osset. bud "smell" - Hung. büz "stench"; /bü:z/
(The -ü- in büz is written with a double accent égu instead of the
Umlaut double dot. I won't use the appropriate fonts for the long ü
and the long ö because they aren't rendered accordingly on
yahoogroups.com.)
>Osset. käsag "fish" - Hung. keszeg "bream";
>Osset. marg "poison" - Hung. mereg "poison";
méreg! /'me:-raeg/
>Osset. nymät "felt" - Hung. nemez "felt";
>Osset. qád "tree" - Hung. gaz "forest";
gaz "weed"! (loanword in Romanian as <goz>, plural <gozuri>, with the
added semantics "rubbish, trash, garbage, litter")
>Osset. sak'adax "a sleeve of the river " - Hung. szakdék "gorge";
szakadék /'sO-kO-de:k/ (Worth mentioning: the verb szakad,
meaning "to break, tear (asunder), to stream")
>Osset. säfyn "to clean" - Hung. seper "to sweep";
seper /Saepaer/ with the variant söpör /Söpör/.
(säfyn rather resembles... soap, Seife, shampoo :-))
>Osset. säv "wide" - Hung. sáv "strip", etc
This one looks strange. The notion "strip" does not fit... "wide".
But, on the other hand, táv "distance; space", távol "far, remote"
etc. (cf. távirat "telegram").
>Osset. avg "glass" - Hung. üveg "glass";
>
>Also I couldn't find a Hungarian /ü/ loaned from an /a/ of any other
>language ...
As long as we don't know the earlier (or intermediate) stages of the
supposed transformation, no real conclusion is possbile. (I for one,
could fancy such a "string": /Ovg/ - /ovg/ - /öveg/ - /üveg/. After
all, ö and ü are mere "Umlauts" of e, e:, o, O, u, i.)
> Also Rom. e/accented > ye/ya was ended
The transformation of /v/ in a semivowel or vowel might be a marker
for the assumed circumstance that in old Hungarian most v's were
pronounced as /w/ in English and in Old High German. No other reason
is there for Romanian words related to Hungarian counterparts but
in which for the Hungarian /v/ there is a vowel or a semivowel in
the Romanian word.
A similar occurrence is that of the loanword ora$ "city" < Hung. vároS
and Oradea (city at the Romanian-Hungarian border), in Hungarian
Várad, a reflex of vár "citadel, Burg" + the toponymic suffix -ad /Od/.
The same Várad gives Oradea, the o-solution, but a diferent Romanian
name in Banat, the v-solution: the smaller locality Värädia
/v&-r&-'di-a/. In <ora$> and <Oradea>, there's no /v/, in contrast
with Värädia. Besides, for Romanian tongues, the initial /w/ is an
"unnatural" occurrence, so if the old Hungarian pronunciation were
/w/ then one can assume that the Romanian rendering had to be ora$
and Oradea, since the pronunciations Uora$ and Uoradea must have been
(as it still is) difficult. BTW, some Romanian emigrated to the
States call the welfare dough /"olfer"/ and the Wall St. /"olstrit"/.
But there is a thing of utmost importance, there is an obstacle in
the path of speculations as to whether uiagä might be of a different,
"substrate" origin. Namely, the word uiagä /u-'ya-g&/ and its southern
variant iagä (esp. in the county where Oradea is its capital and the
surrounding counties, esp. to the South) are in use only regionally.
I.e., only in subdialects spoken in north-western regions of Romania,
that were for at least eight centuries under heavy influence by the
Hungarian language.
Otherwise, the word is unknown to the rest of the Romanian nation
(irrespective of dialects and subdialects). Not even within the
frame of Transylvania and Banat, that until 1919 belonged to Hungary,
is uiaga spread throughout the entire Romanian populace - but only
in the afore mentioned peripheral regions. Or one is aware of
this loanword only from literature, mass-media and talking to
persons coming from the subdialectal area where this loanie is
in use.
Moreover, virtually only with the meaning "bottle," not with the
meaning "glass". Whereas in Hungarian, üveg means first of all
"glass," and the meaning "bottle" is the extended, secondary, one.
(As an ironic coincidence: the region where most of the Yazygs,
or call them as you wish, Alans or Ossetians, were assimilated
by Hungarians starting with the 13th century, is the closest, in
kilometers, as compared with any other region of Romania where
u/iaga's frequency is nil. About 1/2 or 1/4 an hour by car or
train away W-NW from Oradea-Carei-Satu Mare. Methinks, a mere
coincidence.)
>Rom. ujag& > OldHung. uj-wa-ga [uj>ü, w>v, a>e] > Hung. ü-ve-g
Nope!
Üveg is the modern (today's) variant of the word. We don't know how
it looked earlier, say, 5-8-10 centuries ago. But the /e/ inserted
after the /v/, followed by that /g/ must have been perceived - at
least in the modern stages of Hungarian - as the familiar ending -eg
/aeg/ (similar to occurrences where, as real or fake suffix, -eg is
extant in such frequent words as üreg, öreg, meleg, Bereg). (If a
suffix, because of "vowel harmony", -eg changes to -ag /Og/, e.g.
szalag.)
So, only üv- is perceived as the root (today), whereas -eg is seen
as an ending (it's assimilated as sounding as the noun suffix -eg
and the verbal conjugation ending -eg). Nobody has any idea that
üv(...)g has to be seen as a compact construction, let alone that
the "compact construction" was initially made of two words meaning
"water-like". "Water" in Hungarian is a Uralic word: víz /vi:z/.
George