"stump," "stub," "shortened," "stunted," "blunt"

Key words: "stump", "stub", "cut off (part/tip); cut short; stunted",
"blunt"

Ger. /Stamm/ "trunk, stem"
Ger. /Stumpf/ "stump, stub; blunt" (< AHD /stumpf/ < germ. /*stumb/ <
PIE /*stemb/ "Pfosten Baumstumpf")
Ger. /Stummel/ "stub" (< MHD /stummel, stumbel/ < AHD /stumbal/
"abgeschnittenes Stück, Stumpf")

#

Rum. masc. /ciut/, /ciutzi/, fem. /ciutã/, /ciute/
--> primary meaning "stunted, cut short, lacking antlers/horns" (Hence
the further meaning "female of any /Cervidae/" or similar "animal".)

cf. Alb. /shut, shyt/; Bulg., Serb. /s^ut/; Hung. /csuta, suta/
[c^utO; SutO]; Czech /s^utá/, Pol. /szuty/, Ukr. /s^uta/ (So the
Slavic and Hungarian variants are the closest to the Albanian ones --
phonetically.)

#

Rum. /ciot/, fem. /cioatã/ "(any kind of) stub; branch/twig cut
short", and derivated meanings (cut, stunted things).

#

cf. Rum. /ciunt/, /ciont/, /ciung/, /cionc/ "one-armed; mutilated;
with broken/lacking horn/antlers & tail"; for "ears" -> especially
Rum. /ciul/.

cf. Ital. /ciottolo, ciotola/

cf. Aromanian (Macedoromanian) /ciungu/, Meglen-Romanian /ciung/

[NB: although in both these dialects of Romanian,
spoken in Greece, FYROM, Albania, Bulgaria, there
are frequent replacements of /c^/ with /tz/, because
of the influence exerted upon them by the Greek
language. Thus, /c^ung/, as in Northern Romanian,
and not /tzung/.]

cf. Alb. [c^unk] (sp.?), Ital. /cionco/, Calabria Ital. /mani-ciuncu/
"mutilated"
cf. Ital. /cioncare/, Calabria Ital. /ciuncari/ "to mutilate"
cf. Hung. /csonka/ [c^onkO] "(1) one-armed; (2) mutilated; (3) truncated"

#

cf. a further Romanian synonym

/ciump/ with two plurals, /ciumpi/ & /ciumpuri/

(which is a bit closer to germ. st-mp/b- and slav. tonp-, but also to
Ital. ciamp-).

A reflex of it, /ciumpav/ (cium + suffix -av) (meaning: esp.
"stunted"; also used, in a derogatory way, whenever one refers to an
inappropriate hair-cut) --> comparable with Bulg. /c^umpav/ "with cut
ears"

cf. Ital. /ciotto/ "with a limping gait", /ciampa/; Hung /csámpás/
[c^a:mpa:S] "limping"; perhaps this one as well: Hung. /sántika/
[Sa:ntikO] "limping; paralysed" (cf. with Rum. onomat. $ontîc-$ontîc,
imitating the limping gait of someone)

cf. Rum. plural /cioncuri/ for "twigs, tree branches" used for some
enbankment purposes

cf. Rum. /tâmp/ "blunt"; Slav. /tonpû/; Hung. /tompa/ [tompO]
(cf. Rum. /Tâmpa/, a hill near the city of Bra$ov/Kronstadt/Brassó)
cf. Rum. /tâmp & tâmpit/ "simpleton, stupid, dullard"
cf. Ger. /stumpfsinnig/ (The Ger. family name /Stumpf/ usually from a
nickname meaning stumpfsinnig "clumsy, simpleton". Actually verbatim
translateable into Rum. as /tâmp(it)/.)

cf. Rum. /bont/ "stump, stub"

[In the standard & medical language, the remaining
part after a surgical amputation or resection is
called /bont/; its synonym /ciot/ (i.e. /Stummel/,
/Stumpf/) would be perfectly intelligible, but
it'd be a serious breach of... style.]

Rum. (fem.) /cioacã/, (plur.) /cioace/ "peak of a hillock/mountain"
(variant /ciucã/, quite frequent as Rum. family name Ciucã). It has
further meanings, but the other meanings have less or no relevance here.

cf. Hung. /csúcs/ [c^u:c^] "peak; culmination"

perhaps cf. Hung. /domb/ "hill"; Turk. /tepé/ "hill", Mongol. /dembé/
"hill"
(cf. the Rum. loanword /dâmb/; N.B. most of today's Romanian
native-speakers are not aware of the fact that /dâmb/ and /tâmp/ have
the same *primeval* meaning, namely "hill(ock)".)
(a possible link to /tonpû-tompa-tâmp/; perhaps also the basic idea
"having the tip/top/peak... cut-off")

George