Re: [tied] tt/st/ss

--- Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...> wrote:

> On 2007-06-07 22:56, Sean Whalen wrote:
>
> >> <ra:dula> and <pendulum> are, in my opinion, new
> >> formations, parallel to
> >> <te:gula, re:gula> from <tego:, rego:>.
> >
> > The long V is explained by ?
>
> Lachmann's Law. Influenced by <te:ctum, re:ctum>,
> with which they were
> semantically connected. Note that there is no length
> in <tragula> (:
> <traho:, tractum>, which is not a Lachmann verb.

If there had been a stage where -ulum became the
analogical ending, why not *trahulo+?

The irregular aorists, past participles, and
tool-forms for K are caused by:

t>s / g(W/Y)(H) $ _
g()H > k()H
g$s>z$g
z>_ / V_g

analogy usually replaces *-sos > *-tus or adds *t if
*s>z>mora. The forms in *-d- > -:s- are analogical
since some of them have a long V in the perfect due to
more recent changes.

> >> In old
> >> instrumental nouns the
> >> variant *-tro- was preferred after roots
> containing
> >> a liquid,
> >
> > PIE *trom and *tlos are not variants of one
> > morpheme; they show dif. accent and variants of
> > e/0-grade in different cases. Since they are
> similar
> > to each other, and rules create irregular changes,
> > they often are mixed or one gains full
> productivity.
>
> This is a strange thing to say. Those accent
> differences and e/zero
> grades can easily result from the fact that *-tlom
> neuters had *-tlah2
> colectives with an accent shift.

There was no accent shift in neuter plurals. In
Greek and Sanskrit the fem. *-oxs > *-a:x sometimes
had a dif. accent because of the long V (depending on
the distribution of mid, high, and low tones in PIE).

Before I get into more specifics, do you believe PIE
accented *pew-x-trom on the *x?

> > Latin shows late rules changing l-l > l-r, etc.,
> so
> > I don't believe you can use this sort of thing to
> > prove ra:strum is older than ra:dula.
>
> But in instrument nouns we see the /r/ variant after
> _both_ /l/ _and_
> /r/ in the root

Not always:

*bhertlos > ferculum 'bier'
*tlaxtlos > tabula 'board'

Greek had a sound change that affected rCl; I may say
more about this and sim. rules in IE languages after
I'm done with *tt.





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