> There are a few Slavic verbs (perhaps boNd- "be" (but also
> n-infix?), krad- "steal", klad- "put", id- "go", êd- "ride") whose
> present and imperative stems are based on the PIE imperative in
> *-dhí (the infinitive and aorist stem often has a different shape:
> byti "be", iti "go", êxati "ride"). In that sense, the imperative
> *jIdí "go!" is a descendant of PIE *i-dhí (in accentuation as well),
> even though the actual ending -i (instead of *-I) comes from the
> 2sg. optative.
Here's my version:
The PIE verb stem is also the verbal noun
(Lakaba proposed the same for Basque)
*-éi/i old impv (= stem) of *ei-/*i- "go"
*-dh- (< *dhG-) verbal noun of *dhe:- (< *dheG-) "do"
Skt., Gk 2sg impv athematic < *V-dhi "go do V",
where V is the verb stem / verbal noun.
Skt. 2sg impv thematic V-a = verbal noun,
cf German sitzen! "sit down!"
123sg secondary is, for a verb stem CVC-
CVC-om
CV:
CV:
verbal noun
CV:/CV (ablaut variants)
with loss of all consonants in auslaut, including those of the verb
stem; the stem may be "reconstructed" by late analogy.
*kro:- verbal noun (< *kroC- ?) "stealing", etc
*kro:-dh-éi "go do steal(ing)!" etc
*kro:-dh-om "I do steal(ing)" etc
the verb "to be present"
*budh-om
*bhu:-
*bhu:-
verbal noun
*bhu:-
the 'n-infix' in CSl *boNd- is by analogy from verbs with stems ending
in voiced unaspirated, or, as I would have it prenasalized, stop, eg *jug-
123sg
jeuNgom (read Ng = trad. g)
je:u
je:u
jungént
whence Skt grammarians extract two roots yu- and yuj- since roots were
supposedly inviolable.
Torsten