Hello All,
I will post a brief overview of Dacian Sound Laws (for some people
here that asserted (in the past) that there is no link between
Dacian, Romanian-Substratum and Albanian (=> see Miguel on sci.lang
etc...)
Dacian Short Vowels
====================
1. PIE o > Dacian a
=======================
1.a
Dacian: Malwa - Dacia Maluensis 'Dacia Ripensis' < PIE *molH-
wo 'stony river bank'
Romanian: mal 'river bank'
Albanian: mal 'mountain'
Cognates: in Baltic
Note: Why the PIE *molh-wo is reconstructed here and not *mlh1-wo or
*mlh3-wo??? I really ignore...
1.b
Dacian Tamasidava 'the dark fortress' or maybe 'the fortress of the
dark peoples' < PIE *tomH-os- < PIE *temH- 'dark'
Cognates: in Sanskrit, Latin etc...
2. PIE *h2e > PIE *a > Dacian a
===================================
2.a
Dacian *Apus (attested Apos) (-> see Pokorny too) < *h2ep- 'water'
Dacian *DZald-apa (attested Zaldapa) < *gHolh3-dH- + *h2ep-
eh2 'golden water(s)'
Romanian: apa 'water'
Cognates: in Sanskrit, Baltic, Tocharian etc...
2.b
Dacian *Akmo:nia 'The Stony Place/City' < PIE h2ek^-mo:n-yo 'stony'
Albanian: kmesë 'sickle' < h2ek^-mo:n-tyeh2 'made by stone'
Cognates: in Greek, Sanskrit, Baltic etc...
2.c
Dacian *Arg^esja < *Ardzjesja (attested Orde:ssos) 'The White/Silver-
Coloured River) < PIE h2erg^-es-yo < PIE *h2erg^- 'white, silver-
coloured'
Romanian : Argesh (same river) (with regular Romanian
transformations sy>sh, dzje > g^e )
Cognates: Sanskrit, Baltic, Latin
3. e/accented > Dacian je (ja)
===================================
3.a Dacian: Diegis (Decebal's General) 'The Fierry One/ The Fervent
One' < PIE *dHégWH- 'to burn'
Albanian: djeg 'to burn' < PIE *dHégWH- 'to burn'
Cognates: in Sanskrit etc...
3.b Dacian: diellina 'plant name' < PIE *dHél- 'light, shining'
3.c For a Dacian ja-example see Dacian skiare 'plant name' (possible
from PIE *sker- 'to cut')
3.c For the treatement e/accented > je in Romanian
see Romanian: miere 'honey' < Latin mel
fierbe 'to boil' < Latin fervere
Additional Notes:
As I know, there wasn't any e/accented > je in Illyrian , Thracian
or other Ancient Balkanic languages => So The Romanized Balkan
People were (mainly) Dacians -> See Romanian: miere 'mel' ,
fierbe/fiarbe 'fervere' , fier 'ferrum', miel etc...
4. e/not-accented < Dacian e
============================
Dacian: see : Netindava, Sarmizegethousa, Arutela (village on on
Alutus river - rothacism?)
Note-1: even there are no clear etymologies here seems that the rule
above is very probable
Note-2: Same rule in Romanian and Albanian
Preliminary Conclusions:
========================
I. Dacian was a satem language
II. The Romanian Substratum is Dacian (until now based on e/accented
> je)
=> So the Daco-Romanian theory (theory that asserts that: "Romanians
are romanized Dacians") is not at all a myth from the linguistic
point of view...
NOTE: Miguel, please Not To Forget This and please From Now On ->
Never to Write some oposite ideas on different forums :)
III. Albanian was a Dacian (/Daco-Moesian) dialect (see again
e/accented > je)
Marius
P>S>
IV. Dacian wasn't closely related to Latin (based on PIE o > Latin o
<-> Dacian a )
-> despite Hasdeu's assertion that explained the quick Romanization
of Romanians based on this assumption (this theory has still a lot
of adepts in today Romania)
V. Based on the fact that Romanian-Substratum shares the same
phonetical rules with Dacian => the Formation of the the Romanian
People took place on the 'intersection' of: "the -dava areal in
Balkans" (=> today Romania, Moesia Inf & Superior etc...) with
the "Latin Speaking Zone of Balkans" (-> North of the Jiricek's line)