--- alexandru_mg3 <
alexandru_mg3@...> wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I saw some difficulties to link Latin & Germanic
> 'long' to the root
> for long: *delh1gh-o ; *dolh1gh-o ; *dlh1gh-o
>
> The idea that I have seen is to consider the root to
> be only *delh1-
>
> like: *delh1-gh-o ; *dolh1-gh-o ; *dlh1-gh-o
>
> and in this case Latin & Germanic 'long' are derived
> as:
>
> PIE *dlh1-ongh-o > [dl>l] > Latin longus
These derivations incorporate some of my own ideas.
dól-n^-ghós with dln^-gho- in zero-grade in cases
formed by adding an affix with a tone:
dol-n^-gho- > da-luK-ki etc. Hittite
dol-n^-gho- > dolikhó-/dólikho- Greek
dol-n^-gho- > dlon^-gho- > longus Lat.
dol-n^-gho- > dlon^-gho- > langaz Germ.
dln^-gho- > dl:-gho- > d@:r-gha- > di:rgha- Skt.
dln^-gho- > dlN-gho > darN-ga- > dar@... Av.
dln^-gho- > dlN-gho > druN-ga > drung Khowar
dln^-gho- > dl:-gho- > dlu-go- > dlUgU OCS
dln^-gho- > dl:-gho- > l-go- > ilga- Lith.
There must be a nasal there instead of a "laryngeal"
since no H becomes Greek i; only a nasal prevents g>G
in that position in Av. (sprH-go- > spa-r@-Ga
bursting, spreading); and there's a nasal in other
forms even in Indo-Iranian (drung).
I reconstruct n^ (palatalized n) to account for
cases (mostly in Greek and Indo-Iranian) when a
syllabic nasal has an "unexpected" outcome (such as n
> a but n^ > i in Greek and Indo-Iranian; n > un but
n^ > en in Armenian).
Similarly, n^+H > n^: > ni: in Sanskrit unlike more
common n: > a: (and retroflex n.: > a:n. > various
depending on following sound).
If it were velar N not n^ then there'd be no rN > r:
in Sanskrit since syl. r or l only lengthens if the
nasal has a different place of articulation from the
following C (see SrNga- horn or r-stem acc. pl.).
Other examples of n^ include the imperfect nasal
infix (shown by n^+H > n^: > ni: in Sanskrit), potn^s
"master, lord", and poln^s "settlement, city".
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