From: Abdullah Konushevci
Message: 42501
Date: 2005-12-14
On 12/14/05, alexandru_mg3 <alexandru_mg3@...> wrote:Hello Abdullah,
I couldn't find another bn > m examples but
Alb. lumë/lum `happy, blessed', however I think that we can consider
as the general rule <<labial>>n > m
I.
pn > m (gjumë)
np > ?*nepo:t-ya: > mbesë, probably through *n(e)pesë > mbesë 'grandchild, niece'.
bn > m (lumë)
nb > ?I didn't make any research yet.
mn > m (dëm < Lat.damnum)
nm > m (emër)
My Question: Abdullah, how you find out that the mn was the
intermediary stage? Based on the preservation of mn in Proto-Romanian?As well as based in inherited lexicon of Albanian.
Other Rules:
II.
gn > nj (njoh)Correct: *g'ne:sko > njoh 'to know', as well as *-gn-.
ng -- ng
kn > ? (I don't have example here)I guess that also *-kn- > nj, if my etymology of <majë> 'nip, peak, summit' could be derived from më- (<*ambhi-) + *ak'-n-ya: (cf. Gr. akros).
nk > ng (nga 'out' < *en-ka
III.
nc^ > s ('pesë' in fact was nc^>nc>ns>s)
c^n > ? (any help is welcome) (Rom. c^n > s^n)I have yet no idea.
ng^ > z (I suspect similar ng^>n3>nz>z see mëz)
g^n > ? (any help is welcome) (Rom. g^n > z^n)
See above.
IV.
nc > s (I don't have example here but nc > ns > s)
cn > n? (any help is welcome)
n3 > z (mëz <-> Rom. mânz < PAlb *mandya)
3n > n? (any help is welcome)As a rule: *-ms-, *-ns-, *-sm-, *-sn- > /m/, /n/
sn > n (nus 'thread')
ns > s
V.
-V'ntV(V) > V'nVV (man~mënd 'mulberry') (Dacian
manteia 'blackberry')
(V' = any vowell but not e => -entV(V) -- entV(V)
nt > nd (lend 'acorn')*-nt-, as well as -mb- ended very early in /n/ and /m/ through assimilation in contact: nn > n and mm > m: *g'ombhos > dhâm, but in Tosk dialect it gets homorganic /b/ > dhëmb. So, forms with -nd-, -mb- are secondary.
tn > n? (any help is welcome -> I suspect n)Correct: zotnë (Old acusative) > zonë 'lord, master', motnë > monë 'weather, year'
nd -- nd >nn > n
dn > n? (any help is welcome -> I suspect n)I have no idea. Maybe I will make later more researches.
VI.
ln > ll : *kWel-no > sjell 'to bring, cultivate', *wel-no < vjell 'to vomit, turn'
nl > ll?
rn > rr ('zorrë')
nr > rr?
VII Other Rules
Tosk V-n-V > r
n > nj (in some contexts)
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