Re: [tied] *kap-

tegnalos wrote:

> The two come from the same root, as it is also shown by words such
> occidens / zapadU, 'west';

As the prefixes are not cognate, this is merely a parallel formation,
i.e. an analogue, not a homologue. The idea that the west can be
described as the part of the horizon where the sun "goes down", i.e.
"falls", must have occurred to innumerable human beings independently.

> coincidere (cum + in + cid-) / sUvUpadati
> (sU + vU + pad-) 'to fall together, coincide'.

This is a calque from a foreign model (like Br. English "fall in with
[sb's opinion]"), not an authentic Proto-Slavic word! BTW, <coincido>
itself is a Mediaeval Latin word.

> However, Latin root
> cad- and Sanskrit sad 'to sink down' don't agree with Slavic pad-
> from the point of view of fully regular development of initial
> consonants. This has lead many linguists to consider Latin cad- and
> Slavic pad- as unrelated, which is absurd. (It seems that the
> psychological effect of seeing as similar two words begining with the
> same letter is too strong even for linguists).
>
> Moreover, Slavic pad- does agree with Germanic fallanan 'to fall' in
> the regular development of initial consonants, but not in the rest of
> the stem.

It agrees even better with Skt. padyate and with Germanic *fetan and
*fatjan.

Piotr