Re: ka and k^a [was: [tied] *kW- "?"]

----- Original Message -----
From: "Miguel Carrasquer" <mcv@...>
To: <cybalist@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Friday, September 23, 2005 5:19 PM
Subject: Re: ka and k^a [was: [tied] *kW- "?"]


> On Fri, 23 Sep 2005 20:57:00 +0000, bmscotttg
> <BMScott@...> wrote:
>
> >--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Patrick Ryan" <proto-language@...>
> >wrote:
> >
> >[...]
> >
> >> My call for references to support Brian's impression has met
> >> with a resounding silence. Does that tell us anything?
> >
> >Yes: it tells you that I was busy teaching my two afternoon
> >classes and meeting with a student.
> >
> >[...]
>
> If "Brian's impression" refers to the well-known
> preglottalization of final stops in English, the following
> reference may serve to illustrate the point for American
> English:
>
> (From: "Perception and representation of regular variation:
> The case of final /t/, Meghan Sumner, Arthur G. Samuel,
> http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~adaptation/sdarticle.pdf):
>
> >For example, word-final /t/ can be produced
> >in citation form with a fully released coronal stop,
> >as a glottalized coronal stop that is coarticulated with
> >both coronal and glottal place with no audible release,
> >and as a glottal stop (e.g., the medial sound in the English
> >word uh-oh). While it is generally accepted by linguists
> >that these variants are common in American
> >English, there is little research supporting this claim.

***
Patrick:

So, it appears, that Ladefoged's prescription are basically unsupported by
data. Just as I suspected.

***

> >There is evidence that these three variants are regularly
> >occurring in the Long Island dialect of American English
> >(Huffman, personal communication, September 7,
> >2004), the population examined in our study. Huffman
> >(1998) found that all three variants occur regularly in
> >the Long Island dialect of American English. Furthermore,
> >at the end of an intonation phrase (i.e., word-final
> >position before a pause), 70% of final-/t/ words are produced
> >as glottalized stops, with both coronal and glottal
> >articulation. The remaining 30% of final-/t/ words are
> >split between the canonical [t] and the glottal stop.

***
Patrick:

What I get from this is a contradiction of the assertions made by Ladefoged
who makes a following consonant necessary to fulfill the conditions for [t]
into [?]. Here, a pause is necessary. And even then, in only _15%_ of the
instances does [t] become [?] - in the _Long Island_ area. Anyone who has
been to Long Island will doubt whether it is, in any way, typical of
America.

***

> The reference is to: Huffman, M. (1998). Segmental and
> contextual effects on coda glottalization. Journal of the
> Acoustical Society of America, 103, 1818.
>
> =======================
> Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
> mcv@...