Re: [tied] Albanian outside the centum-satem division?

From: Abdullah Konushevci
Message: 40351
Date: 2005-09-23

Labio-velars in Albanian

  1. *degW- 'to burn, warm' > Alb. <djeg> 'burn', causative *H1en +*dogW-ejo > ndazj > ndez 'to inflame, light', but also <mër•dhez> (rd > rdh) 'light up, glow' (cf. Lat. fove 'to warm, cherish', Gr. tephra 'ash'.
  2. *dhigW- 'to stick, fix'. Nasalized form *dhingW-u > deng 'pack, bundle, truss' (iCC > eCC)
  3. *gWa:- 'to go'. Suffixed zero-grade form *gWm.-sko > n•gah 'to run, go'. I think that also prefixed form *sh•gWa:-nyo have yielded in Albanian <shkonj> 'to go', as well as <mër•gonj> 'to migrate' (cf. mër•dhez 'light up' above and mër•typ 'chew' beside sh•typ 'to press', mër•dhinj 'to freeze' from *g'hei-m-yo, beside <dimmer> 'winter' etc.); trashë•goj 'to inherit';
  4. *gWei – 'to live' > Alb. <nxit>, derived from <n•zit> 'stimulate, move' (z > x preceded by nasal /n/, cf. i zi 'dark', but <nxij> 'to dark' etc.), but also as adverb <me nxit> 'quickly': OE <cwic> : Lat. vita : Gr. bios etc.
  5. *gWelH- 'to throw, stick' > Alb. <gjylpanë/gjilpërë> I think is derived from extended suffixed zero-grade form * gWl.p-ena (cf, Gr. belone 'needle'), from *glip-éna, through metathesis l – i > i – l, when vocal is in unstressed position. This suggestion was first made by Henrik Barich.
  6. *gWen- 'woman' > Alb. <zonjë>, derived from lengthened suffixed e-grade *gWe:n-ya: (cf. OE cwe:n > queen).
  7. gWerH2- 'heavy' > Alb. <gur> 'stone', derive from zero-grade form *gWr.H2-u. But, again my craziness at work, I think that suffixed o-grade form *gWorH-na: have yielded Albanian <barrë> 'burden, load'; <me barrë> 'pregnant', dimunitive <bark> 'stomach'; mbarre 'shame, disgrace' etc.
  8. *gWhen- 'to strike, kill' > Alb. <zânë/zënë> 'to fight', participle derived from *gWhen-to; <zënkë> 'contest' (cf. Lat. de•fender, ob•fendere > offendere, Per. zahr 'poison', entered in Balkan languages as via Ottoman language <zeher>).
  9. *gWher- 'to heat, warm' > <ngroh> 'to warm', probably from *H1en + gWhre:-sko; *gWer-m(n)o > Alb. <zjarm> (cf. Gr. <thermos> 'warm, hot' and <thermé> 'heat'), later, due to assimilation, <zjarr> 'fire'. I guess that also Alb. <nxej> 'to warm up' is derived from metathesised form *gWhro:-nyo > zej > n- zenj > nxej (see above examples).
  10. gWou- 'ox, bull, cow' > Alb. <ka> 'ox' (*ou like *au > Alb. /a/) , pl. <kje/qe> 'oxen' (cf. OE cu:, Lat. bos, bovis etc.).

To be continued

Konushevci



On 9/22/05, tgpedersen <tgpedersen@...> wrote:
--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, Piotr Gasiorowski <gpiotr@...>
wrote:
> Grzegorz Jagodzinski wrote:
>
> > This material is not convincing. As Hermann pointed out in his
discussion of
> > the problem (1907: 47f.), the velars may have been restored
analogically in
> > these words.
>
> Hardly in causatives (like *sworgH-éje/o- > dergjem), which never
had a
> back vowel after the root-final consonant in any of their
conjugational
> forms, and so no obvious source of analogical influence can be
proposed.
> In roots with a securely reconstructed final labiovelar we do find
the
> expected palatalisalion (e.g. ndez 'ignite' < *-dHogWH-éje/o-) and
I'm
> not aware of any velar restoration there.

It works if one assumes like I do that the allophone that was
regularised away became stigmatised as a "shibboleth" variant. That
would have made the originally regularisation-induced change spread
to environments in which the now preferred non-stigmatised allophone
had never occurred before.


Torsten





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