Re: [tied] Re: Derivations 15 sun

On Sun, 17 Oct 2004 20:32:28 -0700 (PDT), Sean Whalen
<stlatos@...> wrote:

>--- Miguel Carrasquer <mcv@...> wrote:
>
>> On Sat, 16 Oct 2004 18:31:09 -0700 (PDT), Sean
>> Whalen
>> <stlatos@...> wrote:
>>
>> >
>> > Gothic has both sauil (<so:wil regularly) and
>> >sunno:
>> >
>> > Avestan hvar@ (<suxar after loss of x and u>w);
>> I
>> >don't know enough about Avestan phonology to say if
>> >the schwa would be standard here (perhaps from -i
>> to
>> >regularize nom.?).
>>
>> According to Beekes, /-r/ is always written <-r&:>,
>> The
>> underlying phonological shape is /hu'ar/ < */suh2l./
>>
>> >Also, gen. hu:ro: (<suxryas). I
>> >don't know how to get [xv]e:ng; there's only one
>> note
>> >on it in my books.
>>
>> xv&:N < *swans < *sh2wens.
>>
>> This is an l/n-stem, which I derive from a stem in
>> **-ln.
>>
>> The word is neuter in Indo-Iranian, and the
>> development was:
>>
>> NA *sáh2waln => *sáh2w&lr > *sáh2wl. (> *súh2l.)
>> G *sah2wálnas => *sh2wélns > *sh2wéns
>>
>> Elsewhere, the word is animate, and we have:
>>
>> N *sáh2walnz => *sáh2w&:lz > *sá:wo:l
>> A *sáh2walnm => *sáh2w&lnm > *sá:ulm.
>> G *sah2wálnas => *sh2wélns > *s(h2)wéns
>>
>> Slavic has maintained the sequemce -ln- (sUlnIce <
>> *sh2uln-ik-os).
>>
>> Another word that goes the same way is "eagle":
>>
>> *h2á:raln-z > *h2óro:l
>> *h2á:raln-m > *h2órlm.
>> *h2a:ráln-as > *h2árn(o)s
>
> These are interesting changes, but I think they're
>too specific. They may account for Avestan but need
>complicated explanations for languages.

The Avestan genitive <xv&:N> is clearly a relict form, and
can only be explained as coming from *s(h2)wéns, so that
must have been the original genitive of the paradigm.

The case forms with a stressed desinence (dat. **sah2walná
(+-i); ins. **sah2walnát -> *sh2ulnéi, *sh2ulnéh1) account
for the shape of secondary (affixed and thematized)
nominatives such as Skt. sú:rya, sú:ra- (*suh2liyo-,
*suh2lo-), OIr. su:il (*suh2li-), Alb. hyl (*suh2li- or
*suh2lo-), all with metathesis *h2u > *uh2, Germanic
*sunn-on- < *sh2unn- < *sh2uln- and Slavic slUnIce <
*sh2uln-iko-, as well as younger genitives like Skt. sú:ras,
YAv. hu:ro: < *suh2los, etc.

The "eagle" words are: Arm. oror, urur, Grk. ornis, Gmc.
*arnu-, *aran-, Lith. ere~lis, are~lis, OCS orIlI, Hitt.
haras, G. haran-as. As can readily be seen, some are based
on the old nominative (*h2óro:l + -os > Arm. *órul >
oror/urur) some on the accusative (*h2orlm./*h2ornm. > Gmc.
*arnum > nom. *arnuz, Slav. *orlim > nom. *orlih), some on
the old oblique (*h2arn-: Hitt. haran-, Gmc. *aran-)

>Are any of the above changes confined to this word?

No, the above words follow the regular soundlaws.


=======================
Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
mcv@...