On Thu, 20 Mar 2003 11:30:49 -0000, "Piotr Gasiorowski"
<
piotr.gasiorowski@...> wrote:
>--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "Glen Gordon" <glengordon01@...> wrote:
>
>> Piotr:
>> >This is made more likely by the fact that a-colouring induced
>> >by *k is not equally frequent in all branches, which suggests
>> >that the merger of *k and *q was not yet complete when, e.g.,
>> >Italic split off from its closest relatives.
>>
>> Am I misunderstanding or are you saying that the a-colouring
>> is strictly post-IE. Or are we talking about different events of
>> a-colouring?
>
>It's probably the same process but with different chronological
>layers. A-colouring by *h2 is so consistent in all branches that
>dating it to PIE must be regarded as the most economic hypothesis.
>A-colouring by the *k-series, on the other hand, is sporadic and shows
>traces of post-PIE lexical diffusion, with different results in
>different branches.
If we take Wyatt's shortlist of 34 words with interior *a (William F.
Wyatt Jr., "Indo-european /a/"), we have the following /a/'s which
appear to be due to the presence of a uvular stop:
Skt. Grk. Lat.
4. *bhag- bhájati ephagon
7. *twak- tvak sakos
13. *kad- kadanam kekado:n
15. *kaik- kekaras caecus
17. *kais- kesaram caesaries
17. *kaiw- kevata kaiata
18. *kail- kevalas caelebs
19. *kaly- kalyas kallio:n
21. *kany- kani:nas kainos
23. *kar- karkatas karkinos cancer
24. *karkar- karkaras karkaros
29. *skand- skandati skandalon scando
32. *wa(n)k- vañcati vacillare
34. *yag- yajati azomai
We can add
5. *gras- grasati grao:
22. *k^ank- sán.ku- We. cainc
if an intervening resonant is allowed.
That's almost half the cases.
(FYI, the other ones are:
1. *g^hans-
2. *nas-
3. *daiwer-
6. *g^hais-
8. *dans-
9. *dak^- (or *dn.k^-?)
10. *dai-
11. *dhai-
12. *k^ad-
14. *k^ad-
20. *k^am- (or *k^m-?)
25. *mad-
26. *pan-
27. *labh-
28. *rabh-
30. *swad-
31. *tau-
33. *wastu-,
where I would claim nasal influence in cases 1, 2, 8, 20, 25, 26, 27,
28 and 30)
As far as I can tell [and as far as the evidence can tell], the /a/ in
the above cases is general IE. What were the cases again of /a/
occurring only dialectally (Latin and Celtic mainly, IIRC)?
=======================
Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
mcv@...