Re: [tied] Albanian mend-

On Sat, 08 Feb 2003 14:43:59 +0100, Piotr Gasiorowski
<piotr.gasiorowski@...> wrote:

>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "alex_lycos" <altamix@...>
>To: <cybalist@yahoogroups.com>
>Sent: Saturday, February 08, 2003 2:20 PM
>Subject: Re: [tied] Albanian mend-
>
>
>> Thank you Miguel. How I can find out if there was a stressed vowel or not? For instance in "mentio:nis", there is just the long /o/ there. Which are the criteria for knowing if this "o" was stressed or not? Should be every long vowel stressed one?
>
>The Classical stress rule is rather simple: in words of three or more syllables stress the penultimate (last but one) if it contains a long vowel (as in <men-ti-ó:-nis> or <ma:-tú:-rus>) or is closed (i.e. if a consonant cluster follows and at least the first consonant belongs to the penultimate syllable, as in <di:-réc-tus> or <re-lín-quo:>).

The cluster belongs to the following syllable (making the preceding
syllable open) if it's a cluster of "muta cum liquida" (pl, cl, bl,
gl, fl, sl, pr, tr, cr, br, dr, gr, fr): ín-te-grus, té-ne-brae.
This rule was given up in Vulgar Latin, which accentuates entégro,
tenébras (Spa. entero, tinieblas).

>Otherwise stress the antepenultimate (last but two) syllable (as in <ví-ri-dis>, <mén-ti-o:> or <tém-po-ra>). The location of stress was basically similar in Proto-Romance, though for various reasons (new borrowings, loss of length distinctions) Late Latin stress was somewhat unstable and sometimes "incorrect" from the point of view of Classical Latin. You'll find some information about those shifts it in the article I uploaded to the Files section a few days ago.

The article mentions the following deviations from the Classical
acentuation:

1. muta cum liquida considered a regular consonant cluster (íntegrum ~
entégru)

2. recomposition of prefixed verbs (cóntinet, ímplicat ~ conténe,
empléca)

3. hiatus: paríetem, mulíerem ~ pariéte, muliére

Some other changes in Vulgar Latin are:

4. accent shifts in the plural forms of verbs:
present: (III) véndimus, vénditis, véndunt > vendémos, vendétes,
véndont (except in Romanian)

perfect: amá:vimus, ama:vístis, amá:verunt/amavé:runt > amavémos,
amavéstes, amáveront (except in some Italian dialects
fécimo, ébbimo)

imperfect: ama:bá:mus, ama:bá:tis, amá:bant > amábamos, amábates,
amábant (only in some parts, e.g. in Spanish).

5. conservation of the stress in foreign words (esp. Greek), e.g.
filosofía for Classical filosófia (Greek philosophía).


=======================
Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
mcv@...