Re: [tied] Cymerians?

From: Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
Message: 6832
Date: 2001-03-28

On Tue, 27 Mar 2001 21:24:58 +0200, "Piotr Gasiorowski"
<gpiotr@...> wrote:

>Somebody -- I think it may have been Eric Hamp,

Yes.

>but I don't recall exactly where -- hypothesised that Cimmerian was a distinct branch of IE, characterised by a peculiar sound shift whereby the voiced aspirated series underwent devoicing and deaspiration (PIE *dH > *t) while the plain voiceless stops became voiced (PIE *t > *d; I forget what happened to the voiced unaspirated series). It was argued that a substrate with such a shift was detectable in Slavic (as unexpected voicing), and the ethnonym Kimmerio- was explained as something like *g^H[m]m-er-jo- (or maybe *-el-jo- if the Cimmerians rhotacised their l's) from *g^Hom- 'earth'. Pretty far-fetched, and to be taken with a very large pinch of salt, given that we have absolutely no historical documentation of _any_ Cimmerian words (except for a couple of Iranian-looking personal names). As for irregular voicing in Slavic, it may take place even in words borrowed or coined in recent times (thus quite often in the local dialect of
>Poznan) and is most frequent in expressive vocabulary (like Polish <pryskac'> 'spray' ~ <bryzgac'> 'splash').

In "Whose were the Tocharians?" (in: The Bronze Age and Early Iron Age
Peoples of Eastern Central Asia, I", Mair, 1998), Hamp gives some
small clues about his notion of Cimmerian:

p. 312: Cimm. prokU (in Slavic) "inventory" < *bhrgho-, probably from
Germanic.

p. 313: The Cimmerian evidence is significant: out of a corpus that I
accept totalling 31 Balto-Slavic lexemes we find two of this class
[thematic deverbal subst.] (po~to, SCR. pu``to "fetter" < *bhondhó-;
Slavic gojI "peace" < *kwoio- > Slav. po-koj).

p. 321: Even Cimmerian would show an example [of PIE *b]: Slavic
golo~b- "dove", to [Grk.] kolumbos < *kolumbo-.

p. 329 (For a brief statement of the nature of the Prehellenic
(Pelasgic) corpus and our mode of recognizing it see Hamp (1994b:
1665-6); for a similar statement on Cimmerian see ibid. 1666. [that
is: Hamp, "Indo-European Languages", in The Encyclopaedia of Language
and Linguistics, Oxford/NY, Pergamon 3.1661-7]


=======================
Miguel Carrasquer Vidal
mcv@...