Re: [tied] Re: Gimbutas

1) king (*gen@-), north (*ner-), east (*aus-), west (*wes-) and south (*swen-) have IE etymologies.

 

2) Can the distribution of ö/ü (oe/ue) sounds tell us about a substratum language? These sounds appear in Dutch, English, German, French, Scandinavian, Welsh, Uralic, Albanian, Athenian Greek, Altaic. Ausence in Slavic, Baltic and Italic.    Joao SL    Rio

Marc wrote -

Germanic does have a proportion of vocabulary which appears to be non-IE,
the origin of which is still unsure.

 

        [It was not me = Marc who wrote this, but I answered:]

I read somewhere (G.Gritter 1993 "Van oerklank tot moedertaal" Kosmos
Utrecht) that words like "drink, drive, sea, soul, broad..." could have come
from the megalithic culture in S-Scandinavia (no further explanation in the
book).

About 30% of the Germanic vocabulary is of non-IE origin. Many of these non-IE words belong to distinct categories in an interesting way:

 

naval terms (ship, sea, keel, boat, rudder, mast, steer, sail, ebb, north, south, east, west)

war and weapons (sword, shield, helmet)

animal names, especially names of fish

titles and social relations (king, wife)

 

What language did these words come from? The most informative book I've found on this subject says that the Germanic peoples probably entered southern Scandinavia before 1,000 BC, where they met an unknown, non-IE-speaking people whose language had a deep influence on the development of Germanic. From the sound changes that separated early Germanic from other IE languages (Grimm's law), they have deduced that this unknown language must have been rich in fricative sounds (such as s, sh, th, zh, f, ch)  while it lacked voiced stops (b, d, g). It seems like this is about all we know.

 

Hakan