WWS says:

abjad a type of writing system that denotes only consonants

abugida a type of writing system whose basic characters denote consonants
followed by a particular vowel, and in which diacritics denote the
other vowels

alphabet a type of writing system that denotes consonants and
vowels

Unicode says:

Abjad. A consonant writing system. The main letters are all consonants
(or long vowels) with other vowels either left out entirely or indicated
with secondary marking of the consonants. The best-known example is the
Arabic writing system, and the term “abjad” is derived from the first
four letters of the traditional order of the Arabic script.

Abjad. A consonant writing system. The main letters are all consonants
(or long vowels) with other vowels either left out entirely or indicated
with secondary marking of the consonants. The best-known example is the
Arabic writing system, and the term “abjad” is derived from the first
four letters of the traditional order of the Arabic script.

Alphabet. A writing system that consists of letters for the writing of
both consonants and vowels. Consonants and vowels have equal status as
letters in an alphabet. The Latin alphabet is the most widespread and
well-known example of an alphabet. The correspondence between letters
and sounds may be either more or less exact; most alphabets do not
exhibit a one-to-one correspondence between distinct sounds (phonemes)
and distinct letters (graphemes).

--
Peter T. Daniels grammatim@...


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