----- Original Message -----From: Piotr Sobczak"Upside down little r" _is_ listed there. See section 3.2.2 Spirants.
As this particular section says:--start quote--
Alveolar spirant. The tongue tip, without much muscular tension, approaches the alveolar ridge. No groove is formed, as opposed to the case of the hissers and hushers. The same symbol is used regardless of voice; the voiced variant is the typical American 'r'.--end quote--Looking at the graphic the Lausanne site provides, and then comparing this to the IPA I get in SCI Unipad, I discern three distinct characters. They are, in Unicode (utf-8, use Lucida Sans Unicode font):[ɹ] [ɺ] [ɻ]Respectively, these are described as:Latin small letter turned RLatin small letter turned R with long legLatin small letter turned R with hookI think it's the first one. Certainly, the 'ara' pronunciation sounds right:These are not actually upside down little Rs, but rather, upside down mirror-image little Rs. I cannot locate the other two versions at the Lausanne site (it does have difficulties, including the fact that some American vowels have decidedly French-sounding sound-files attached to them).Reading the description, I see I've never considered the fact that R can occur as voiced and unvoiced variants. I don't know what an unvoiced R is supposed to be. Playing with the idea, the unvoiced one comes out as as a kind of H.