Ven Narada Thera - An Elementary Pali Course Lesson VII

Exercise 7-A: Translate into English.

1. Buddho loke uppajji.

Buddha / in world / was born

The Buddha was born in the world.


2. Hiiyo sama.no dhamma.m desesi.

yesterday / ascetic / doctrine / preached

Yesterday, the ascetic preached the doctrine.


3. Daarako paato'va* tassa paa.thasaala.m agamii.

child / in early morning / his / [to] school / went

The child went to his school in the early morning.


4. Aacariyaa tesa.m sissaana.m pubba.nhe ovaada.m ada.msu.

teachers / their / to students / in afternoon / counsel / gave

The teachers gave counsel to their students in the afternoon.


5. Cira.m te amhaaka.m ghara.m na agami.msu.

for a long time / they / our / [to] home / did not come

For a long time, they did not come to our house.


6. Daarikaa taasa.m janakassa purato a.t.tha.msu.

girls / their / of father / in front / stood

The girls stood in front of their father.


7. Tva.m tassaa hatthe mayha.m potthaka.m passo.

you / her / in hand / my / book / saw

You saw my book in her hand.


8. Tva.m ga`ngaaya.m nahaayitu.m paato'va agamo.

you / in river / to bathe / in early morning / went

You went to bathe in the river in the early morning.


9. Tva.m ajja paataraasa.m na bhu~njo.

you / today / breakfast / did not eat

You did not eat breakfast today.


10. Kuhi.m tumhe tumhaaka.m mittehi saddhi.m apara.nhe agamittha?

where / you / your / with friends / in afternoon / went

Where did you go with your friends in the afternoon?


11. Kasmaa tumhe'yeva** mama aacariyassa lekhanaani na likhittha?

why / you yourselves / my / to teachers / letters / did not write

Why did you not write letters to my teachers yourselves?


12. Tumhe cira.m mayha.m putte na passittha.

you / for a long time / my / sons / did not see

You did not see my sons for a long time.


13. Aha.m tuyha.m pa.n.naakaare hiiyo na alabhi.m.

I / your / gifts / yesterday / did not receive

I did not receive your gifts yesterday.


14. Aham'eva*** gilaanaana.m ajja osadha.m adaasi.m.

I myself / to sick people / today / medicine / gave

I gave medicine to the sick myself today.


15. Aha.m asse passitu.m visikhaaya.m a.t.taasi.m.

I / horses / to see / on street / stood

I stood on the street to see the horses.


16. Maya.m tuyha.m aacariyassa sisse ahosimhaa.

we / your / teacher's / pupils / were

We were your teacher's pupils.


17. Maya.m ajja pubba.nhe na ugga.nhimhaa.

we / today / in forenoon / did not learn

We did not learn in the forenoon today.


18. Sama.naa viya mayam'pi* saddhaaya dhamma.m su.nimhaa.

ascetics / like / we too / with faith / doctrine / heard

Like the ascetics, we heard the doctrine with faith too.


* Paato + eva = paato'va. Here the following vowel is dropped.


** Tumhe + eva = tumhe yeva. Sometimes 'y' is augmented between vowels.


*** Aha.m + eva = aham'eva. When a niggahita is followed by a vowel it is sometimes changed into 'm'.


**** Maya.m + api =mayam'pi. Here the following vowel is dropped and niggahita is changed into 'm'.


Exercise 7-B: Translate into Pali.

1. I slept on my bed.

aha.m / supi.m / mayha.m / ma~nce

Aha.m mayha.m ma~nce supi.m.


2. I stood in their garden in the evening.

aha.m / a.t.thaasi.m / tesa.m / aaraamamhi / pubba.nhe

Aha.m pubba.nhe tesa.m aaraamamhi a.t.thaasi.m.


3. I sat on a bench in the hall to write a letter to his friend.

aha.m / nisiidi.m / pii.the / salaaya.m / likhitu.m / lekhana.m / tassa / mittaaya

Aha.m tassa mittaaya lekhana.m likhitu.m salaaya.m pii.the nisiidi.m.


4. We bathed in the river in the early morning*.

maya.m / nahaayimhaa / ga`ngaaya.m / paato'va

Maya.m paato'va ga`ngaaya.m nahaayimhaa.


5. We ourselves** treated the sick yesterday.

mayam'eva / sa`nga.nhimhaa / gilaane / hiiyo

Mayam'eva hiiyo gilaane sa`nga.nhimhaa.


6. For a long time we lived in our uncle's house in the city.

cira.m / maya.m / vasimhaa / amhaaka.m / maatulassa / gharamhi / nagarasmi.m

Cira.m maya.m nagarasmi.m amhaaka.m maatulassa gharamhi vasimhaa.


7. Child, why do you stand in front of your teacher?

daaraka / kasmaa / tva.m / a.t.thaaso / purato / aacariyassa

Daaraka, kasmaa tva.m tava aacariyassa purato a.t.thaaso?


8. Wife, you cooked rice in the morning.

bhariye / tva.m / apaco / odana.m / paato

Bhariye, paato tva.m odana.m apaco.


9. Son, where did you go yesterday?

putta / kuhi.m? / tva.m / agamo / hiiyo

Putta, kuhi.m tva.m hiiyo agamo?


10. You obtained wisdom through your teachers.

tumhe / labhittha / pa~n~na.m / tumhaaka.m / aacariyehi

Tumhe tumhaaka.m aacariyehi pa~n~na.m labhittha.


11. Why did you not hear the Doctrine like your father?

kasmaa? / tva.m / na asu.no / Dhamma.m / viya / tuyha.m / janako

Kasmaa tva.m tuyha.m janako viya Dhamma.m na asu.no?


12. Where did you take your dinner yesterday?

kuhi.m? / tva.m / bhu~njo / tuyha.m / saayamaasa.m / hiiyo

Kuhi.m tva.m hiiyo tuyha.m saayamaasa.m bhu~njo?


13. She was standing in her garden for a long time.

saa / a.t.thaasi / tassaa / aaraame / cira.m

Saa cira.m tassaa aaraame a.t.thaasi.


14. He himself*** washed the feet of his father.

so eva / dhovii / paade / tassa / janakassa

So eva tassa janakassa paade dhovii.


15. For a long time my friend did not buy goods from his shop.

cira.m / mayha.m / mitto / na ki.ni / bha.ndaani / tassa / aapa.nasmaa

Cira.m mayha.m mitto tassa aapa.nasmaa bha.ndaani na ki.ni.


16. The doctors did not come to the hospital in the afternoon.

vejjaa / na aagami.msu / gilaanasaala.m / apara.nhe

Vejjaa apara.nhe gilaanasaala.m na aagami.msu.


17. The boys and girls did not bring their books to school yesterday.

daarakaa ca / daarikaayo ca / na aahari.msu / tesa.m / potthakaani / paa.thasaala.m / hiiyo

Daarakaa ca daarikaayo ca hiiyo tesa.m potthakaani paa.thasaala.m na aahari.msu.


18. I myself gave medicine to the sick last**** morning.

aham'eva / adaasi.m / osadha.m / gilaanaana.m / hiiyo / paato

Aham'eva gilaanaana.m hiiyo paato osadha.m adaasi.m.


* Use paato'va.


** Use mayam'eva.


*** Use so eva.


**** Use hiiyo.