Ven Narada Thera - An Elementary Pali Course Lesson V

Exercise 5-A: Translate into English.

1. Saku.naa phalaani khaadanti.

birds / fruits / eat

The birds eat the fruits.


2. Maya.m pii.thesu nisiidaama, ma~ncesu supaama.

we / on chairs / sit / on beds / sleep

We sit on chairs (and) sleep on beds.


3. Naraa aapan.ehi bha.ndaani ki.nanti.

men / from shops / goods / buy

The men buy goods from the shops.


4. Phalaani rukkhehi patanti.

fruits / from trees / fall

Fruits fall from the trees.


5. Kassakaa khettesu biijaani vapanti.

farmers / in fields / seeds / sow

The farmers sow seeds in the fields.


6. Sabbadaa maya.m udakena paade ca mukha~n* ca dhovaama.

everyday / we / with water / feet and / face and / wash

Everyday we wash (our) feet and face with water.


7. Sissaa aacariyaana.m lekhanaani likhanti.

pupils / to teachers / letters / write

The pupils write letters to (their) teachers.


8. Idaani aha.m mittehi saddhi.m ghare vasaami.

now / I / with friends / in house / live

I live in the house with (my) friends now.


9. Daaso ta.laakasmi.m vatthaani dhovati.

servant / at pond / clothes / washes

The servant washes the clothes at the pond.


10. So pupphehi Buddha.m puujeti.

he / (with) flowers / [to] Buddha / offers

He offers flowers to the Buddha.


11. Kasmaa tva.m aahaara.m na bhu~njasi?

why? / you / food / not / eat

Why do you not eat the food?


12. Ajja sissaa aacariyehi potthakaani ugga.nhanti.

today / students / from teachers / books / learn

Today, the students learn the books from (their) teachers.


13. Maggikaa mittehi saddhi.m nagaraa nagara.m vicaranti.

travellers / with friends / from city / [to] city / wander

The travellers wander from city to city with friends.


14. Aha.m sabbadaa aaraamasmaa pupphaani aaharaami.

I / everyday / from garden / flowers / bring

I bring flowers from the garden everyday.


15. Maya.m nagare gharaani passaama.

we / in city / houses / see

We see houses in the city.


16. Kassakaa nagare ta.laakasmaa udaka.m aaharanti.

farmers / in city / from lake / water / bring

The farmers bring water from the lake in the city.


17. Daarakaa janakassa pi.thasmi.m na nisiidanti.

children / father's / on chair / do not sit

The children do not sit on the father's chair.


18. Mitta.m aacariyassa potthaka.m puujeti.

friend / to teacher / book / offers

The friend offers the book to the teacher.


19. Tumhe naraana.m vatthaani ca bha.ndaani ca vikki.naatha.

you / to men / clothes and / goods and / sell

You sell clothes and goods to the men.


20. Aacariyassa aaraame sama.naa aadarena naraana.m Buddhassa Dhamma.m desenti.

teacher's / in temple / monks / with affection / to people / Buddha's / teaching / preach

In the teacher's temple, the monks preach the Buddha's teaching to the people with affection.


* mukha.m + ca = mukhañ ca


Exercise 5-B: Translate into Pali.

1. I am writing a letter to (my) friend.

aha.m / likhaami / lekhana.m / mittaaya

Aha.m mittaaya lekhana.m likhaami.


2. We eat fruits.

maya.m / khaadaama / phalaani

Maya.m phalaani khaadaama.


3. We offer flowers to the Buddha everyday.

maya.m / puujema / pupphehi / Buddha.m / sabbadaa

Sabbadaa maya.m pupphehi Buddha.m puujema.


4. He is not going home now.

so / na gacchati / ghara.m / idaani

Idaani so ghara.m na gacchati.


5. You are sowing seeds in the field today.

tumhe / vapatha / biijaani / khette / ajja

Ajja tumhe khette biijaani vapatha.


6. The sons are washing the father's feet with water.

puttaa / dhovanti / janakassa / paade / udakena

Puttaa udakena janakassa paade dhovanti.


7. They are partaking food with the friends in the house.

te / bhu~njanti / aahaara.m / mittehi saddhi.m / ghare

Te ghare mittehi saddhi.m aahaara.m bhu~njanti.


8. Children's friends are sitting on the benches.

daarakaana.m / mittaa / nisiidanti / pii.thesu

Daarakaana.m mittaa pii.thesu nisiidanti.


9. Are you writing letters to the teachers today?

tumhe / likhatha / lekhanaani / aacariyaana.m / ajja

Ajja tumhe aacariyaana.m lekhanaani likhatha?


10. I am sending books home through the servant.

aha.m / pesemi / potthakaani / ghara.m / daasena

Aha.m daasena potthakaani ghara.m pesemi.


11. I see fruits on the trees in the garden.

aha.m / passaami / phalaani / rukkhesu / aaraame

Aha.m aaraame rukkhesu phalaani passaami.


12. The birds eat the seeds in the field.

saku.naa / bhu~njanti / biijaani / khette

Saku.naa khette biijaani bhu~njanti.


13. Friends are not going away from the city today.

mittaa / na nikkhamanti / nagarasmaa / ajja

Ajja mittaa nagarasmaa na nikkhamanti.


14. We are coming from home on foot.*

maya.m / aagacchaama / gharamhaa / paadena

Maya.m paadena gharamhaa aagacchaama.


15. From where do you buy goods now?

kuto? / tva.m / ki.naasi / bha.ndaani / idaani

Kuto idaani tva.m bha.ndaani ki.naasi?


16. Men in the city are giving clothes and medicine to the sick.

naraa / nagare / denti / vatthaani ca / osadha.m ca / gilaanaana.m

Nagare naraa gilaanaana.m vatthaani ca osadha.m ca denti.


* Use the instrumental.