( Source: www.geocities.com/paligroup/primer/declconj.htm. Tables of Pali Declensions and Conjugations from Pali Primer
38KB / ypong001 / Dec 2, 2001 )
Pali Declension and Conjugation
masc. -a | neut. -a | fem. -aa | |
Nom. Sg. | -o | -a.m | -aa |
Voc. Sg. | -a | -a | -e |
Acc. Sg. | -a.m | -a.m | -a.m |
Ins. Sg. | -ena | -ena | -aaya |
Abs. Sg. | -aa (-amhaa) (-asmaa) | -aa (-amhaa) (-asmaa) | -aaya |
Dat. Sg. | -aaya -assa | -aaya -assa | -aaya |
Gen. Sg. | -assa | -assa | -aaya |
Loc. Sg. | -e (-amhi) (-asmi.m) | -e (-amhi) (-asmi.m) | -aaya -aaya.m |
Nom. Pl. | -aa | -aani (-aa) | -aayo (-aa) |
Voc. Pl. | -aa | -aani | -aayo (-aa) |
Acc. Pl. | -e | -aani (-e) | -aayo (-aa) |
Ins. Pl. | -ehi (-ebhi) | -ehi (-ebhi) | -aahi (-aabhi) |
Abs. Pl. | -ehi (-ebhi) | -ehi (-ebhi) | -aahi (-aabhi) |
Dat. Pl. | -aana.m | -aana.m | -aana.m |
Gen. Pl. | -aana.m | -aana.m | -aana.m |
Loc. Pl. | -esu | -esu | -aasu |
fem. -i | fem. -ii | masc. -i | masc. -ii | neut. -i | |
Nom. Sg. | -i | -ii | -i | -ii | -i |
Voc. Sg. | -i | -ii | -i | -ii | -i |
Acc. Sg. | -i.m | -i.m | -i.m | -ina.m -i.m | -i.m |
Ins. Sg. | -iyaa | -iyaa | -inaa | -inaa | -inaa |
Abs. Sg. | -iyaa | -iyaa | -inaa -imhaa -ismaa | -inaa -imhaa -ismaa | -inaa |
Dat. Sg. | -iyaa | -iyaa | -ino -issa | -ino -issa | -ino -issa |
Gen. Sg. | -iyaa | -iyaa | -ino -issa | -ino -issa | -ino -issa |
Loc. Sg. | -iyaa (-iya.m) | -iyaa (-iya.m) | -imhi -ismi.m | -ini -imhi -ismi.m | -ini -imhi -ismi.m |
Nom. Pl. | -iyo -ii | -iyo -ii | -ii -ayo | -ii -ino | -ii -iini |
Voc. Pl. | -iyo -ii | -iyo -ii | -ii -ayo | -ii -ino | -ii -iini |
Acc. Pl. | -iyo -ii | -iyo -ii | -ii -ayo | -ii -ino | -ii -iini |
Ins. Pl. | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) |
Abs. Pl. | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) | -iihi (-iibhi) |
Dat. Pl. | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m |
Gen. Pl. | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m | -iina.m |
Loc. Pl. | -iisu | -iisu | -iisu | -iisu | -iisu |
fem. -u | masc. -u | masc. -uu | neut. -u | masc. -u /-ar | fem. -u /-ar | |
Nom. Sg. | -u | -u | -uu | -u | -aa | -aa |
Voc. Sg. | -u | -u | -uu | -u | -aa -a | -aa -a -e |
Acc. Sg. | -u.m | -u.m -u | -u.m | -u.m | -aara.m | -ara.m |
Ins. Sg. | -uyaa | -unaa | -unaa | -unaa | -aaraa | -araa -uyaa |
Dat. Sg. | -uyaa | -uno -ussa | -uno -ussa | -uno -ussa | -u -uno -ussa | -u -uyaa -aaya |
Gen. Sg. | -uyaa | -uno -ussa | -uno -ussa | -uno -ussa | -u -uno -ussa | -u -uyaa -aaya |
Loc. Sg. | -uyaa -uya.m | -umhi (-usmi.m) | -umhi (-usmi.m) | -umhi (-usmi.m) | -ari | -ari -uyaa -uya.m |
Nom. Pl. | -uu -uyo | -uu -avo | -uu -uno | -uu -uuni | -aaro | -aro |
Voc. Pl. | -uu -uyo | -uu -ave -avo | -uu -uno | -uu -uuni | -aaro | -aro |
Acc. Pl. | -uu -uyo | -uu -avo | -uu -uno | -uu -uuni | -aaro | -aro |
Ins. Pl. | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -aarehi -uuhi | -arehi -uuhi |
Abs. Pl. | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -uuhi (-uubhi) | -aarehi -uuhi | -arehi -uuhi |
Dat. Pl. | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -aaraana.m -uuna.m | -araana.m -uuna.m -aana.m |
Gen. Pl. | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -uuna.m | -aaraana.m -uuna.m | -araana.m -uuna.m -aana.m |
Loc. Pl. | -uusu | -uusu | -uusu | -uusu | -aaresu -uusu | -aresu -uusu |
Pali Conjugations and Verbs Formations
Tense | 3rd Person Sing. | 2nd Person Sing. | 1st Person Sing. | 3rd Person Plural | 2nd Person Plural | 1st Person Plural |
Present Indic. -a | -ati | -asi | -aami | -anti | -atha | -aama |
-aa | -aati | -aasi | -aami | -anti | -aatha | -aama |
-e | -eti -ayati | -esi -ayasi | -emi -ayaami | -enti -ayanti | -etha -ayatha | -ema -ayaama |
-o | -oti | -osi | -omi | -onti | -otha | -oma |
Future | -(i)ssati | -(i)ssasi | -(i)ssaami | -(i)ssanti | -(i)ssatha | -(i)ssaama |
Optative | -eyya | -eyyaasi | -eyyaami | -eyyu.m | -eyyaatha | -eyyaama |
Imperative -a | -atu | -a -ahi | -aami | -antu | -atha | -aama |
-e | -etu | -e -ehi | -emi | -entu | -etha | -ema |
Past -a | -i | -i | -i.m | -i.msu | -ittha | -imha |
-e | -esi, -ayi | -esi | -esi.m -ayi.m | -esu.m -ayi.msu | -ayitha | -ayi.mha |
Verb Form | Invariable |
Gerund | -(i)tvaa |
Infinitive | -(i)tu.m |
Verb Form | Masculine, Neuter | Feminine |
Present Participle -a | -anta -amaana | -antii -amaanaa |
-e | -enta -ayamaana | -entii -ayamaanaa |
Past Participle -a | -(i)ta | -(i)taa |
Future Passive Participle | -(i)tabba -aniiya | -(i)tabbaa -aniiyaa |