> Þeir sáu nú, hvar fugl fló af landi ofan, sá er skergípr
> heitir.

> They now saw, where a bird flew from above land, the
> (place) which is called skerry-(gípr?).

> They saw now, where a bird flew down from land, that one
> which is called a cliff? bird.

> They saw now, where a bird flew from land downwards,
> that-one (ie the bird, masc) which is-called a skergípr
> (skerry-swift? see note below or perhaps skerry-fiend,
> related to -gífr?)

> The Irish Times, Dec 29, 2008 – The Yorkshire name Gipp
> is from Gípr, “drunkard”.

I’m skeptical twice over. First, the surname <Gipp> is in
general from a medieval pet form of <Gilbert> (via Gilbert >
Gibb > Gipp). Secondly, I can find no support for the
notion that <gípr> was ‘drunkard’.

> The great lexicographer, Skeat, could trace his name to
> the Old Norse Skjótr, “swift”.

> see also Hrólfr gípr in Valla-Ljóts saga.

They now saw where a bird flew down from [the] land, [a
bird] that is called skerry-snout.

According to de Vries and other sources, <gípr> is ‘jaws,
mouth, beak’, making the compound ‘skerry-snout’ or the
like, and <skergípr> is a mythical monster, a bird with a
large head. The byname <gípr> would have been some sort of
reference to the bearer’s mouth.

> Hann hefir höfuð svá mikit ok hræðiligt, at honum er
> jafnat til fjándans, ok réðst á móti drekanum, ok var
> þeira atgangr hræðiligr.

> It has such a big and fearful head that it is likened to a
> devil, and it came to blows against the dragon, and their
> fighting was fearful. (Z. jafna 4: j. e-u til e-s, við
> e-t, to compare (liken) one thing with (to) another) (Z.
> ráða 17: ráðast á, to come to blows)

> He has a head so large and fearsome that to him is equal
> to enemies, and came to blows against the dragon and their
> battle was fearsome.

> It has a head so large and dreadful,  that (it) is likened
> with it to the-devil (ie the bird is likened to the
> devil), and (it) set-itself (ie made-an-assault) against
> the-dragon, and their fighting was dreadful.

It has a head so large and dreadful that it is likened to
the devil, and [it] attacked the dragon, and their combat
was dreadful.

> En svá lauk þeira viðskiptum, at þeir fellu báðir niðr, ok
> fell skergíprinn niðr í sjóinn, en drekinn kom niðr í
> skipi Siggeirs.

> And their hostile intercourse so ended that they both
> fell, and the (skergíprinn?) fell into the sea, and the
> dragon came down to Siggeir's ship.

> And so ended their dealings that they both fell down and
> the ??bird down in the sea and the dragon came down in
> Siggeir’s ship.

> But (and) it concluded in their hostilities thus, that
> they both fell(in battle) down, and the-skergípr
> (skerry-swift-fiend) fell down into the-sea, but (and)
> the-dragon came down into Siggeirr’s ship.

And their fight ended thus, that they both fell down, and
the skerry-snout fell down into the sea, and the dragon came
down in Siggeir’s ship.

> Herrauðr var þar þá kominn ok lét ganga kylfuna á báðar
> hendr.

> Herraudr had then arrived and let go his club with both
> hands.

> Herraudr had then come there and let the club go with both
> hands

> Herrauðr was (had) then (ie by that time) come there and
> caused to the-club to go (into action) ( ie rain down
> blows, ganga, Z10) on both sides (lit: hands, hönd,
> CV.ii).

Herrauð had then come there and let the club fly on both
sides.

> Hann sló til Siggeirs, ok kom höggit undir eyrat, ok
> brotnaði í honum allr haussinn, en hann hraut fyrir borð
> ok kom aldri upp síðan.

> He struck at Siggeir, and the blow landed under his ear,
> and broke all his skull (literally, broke in him all his
> skull), ant he fell overboard and never came up after
> that.

> He struck at Siggeir and the blow came below the ear and
> broke all his skull, and he fell overboard and never came
> up afterwards.

> He struck at Siggeirr, and the-blow came under the-ear,
> and all the-skull (nominative) was-broken in him, but
> (and) he was-flung over-board and never came up again.

He struck at Siggeir, and the blow landed below his ear, and
his whole skull was broken, and he flew overboard and never
came up afterwards.

> Hárekr konungr raknar nú við ok varð at einum gelti ok
> greip til Herrauðar með tönnunum ok reif af honum alla
> brynjuna ok festi tennrnar í brjóstinu á honum ok reif af
> honum báðar geirvörturnar niðr at beini, en hann hjó í
> móti á trýnit á geltinum, ok tók af fyrir framan augun.

> King Harekr now comes to, and he became a boar, and he
> grasped Herraudr with his teeth (tusks?) and tore off him
> all his coat of mail and fastened his teeth in his chest
> and tore off from him both nipples down to the bone, but
> he struck against the snout of the boar, and took (it) off
> in front of the eyes.

> King Harekr recovered his senses now and became a boar at
> once and seized Herraudr with (his) teeth and tore all the
> chain mail from him and fastened (his) teeth in his breast
> and ripped off both his nipples down to the bone, but he
> hewed against the boar’s snout and took it off before the
> eyes.

> King Hárekr now recovers-his-senses and became (turned
> into) a certain boar (göltr=galti) and gripped at Herrauðr
> with the-teeth and ripped all the-coat-of-mail from him,
> and fastened the-teeth into his breast, and ripped both
> nipples from him down to (the) bone), and he hewed in
> return at (the) snout on the boar, and took (it) off
> (right) in-front-of the-eye (sg). (presumably the point
> where the snout meets the eyes).

King Hárek now comes to and turned into a boar and and
seized Herrauð with his teeth and tore his entire mail coat
off him and fastened his teeth in his breast and ripped both
his nipples from him down to the bone, and in return he [=
Herrauð] hewed at the boar’s snout and cut [it] off in front
of the eyes.

> Var Herrauðr þá svá móðr, at hann fell á bak aftr, en
> galtinn trað hann undir fótum sér, en gat eigi bitit, er
> af var trýnit.

> Herraudr was then so exhausted, that he retreated back,
> but the boar trod him under its feet, but he didn't get
> bit, when the snout was off.

> Herraudr then was so tired that he fell back on his back
> and the boar trampled him under foot, but was not able to
> bite since his snout was off.

> Herrauðr was then so exhausted, that he fell back on (his)
> back, but (and) the-boar trod him under its feet, but (it,
> the boar) was-not-able to (geta + pp) bite, when the-snout
> was off (ie missing).

Herrauð was then so exhausted that he fell over backwards,
and the boar trod him under its feet but was not able to
bite, since its snout was gone.

> Þá kom at glatunshundtík mikil á skipit ok hafði stórar
> vígtenn.

> Then a large she-dog-slayer arrived at the ship, and it
> had large fangs.

> Then came an enormous perdition bitch on the ship and
> (she) had huge tusks.

> Then a great hell-hound-bitch came at (them) on to
> the-ship and (she/it) had large tusks (canines, fangs).

Then a large ravenhound-bitch landed on the ship and had
large tusks.

Apart from the obvious fact that a <glatunshundr>, which
also occurs as <glatúnshundr>, is some kind of fabulous
monster, there seems to be considerable doubt about its
nature. I did find a PhD thesis (John Douglas Shafer,
Saga-Accounts of Norse Far-Travellers, Univ. of Durham,
2009, <http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/286/>) in which it is
glossed ‘ravenous hound’ without comment. De Vries, noting
that the word is late and rare, and the first element occurs
only in translations from Old French, tentatively accepts
(‘perhaps’) an earlier suggestion that the first element is
a borrowing of OFr <glo(u)ton> ‘glutton, devourer’ whose
form has been influenced by <glata> ‘to destroy’. I chose
to adopt that theory and coin a name for the monster (from
the verb <to raven> ‘to consume greedily, to devour’).
Whatever the actual etymology, <hellhound> would seem to
convey the basic flavor equally well.

> Hún reif gat á náranum á geltinum ok rakti þar út þarmana
> ok hljóp fyrir borð.

> She ripped a hole in the groin of the boar and unwound the
> intestines out there and jumped overboard.

> She ripped a hole in the corpse of the boar and there
> spread out the intestines and leaped over board.

> She (it) ripped a hole in the-groin (nári, wk masc) on
> the-boar, and unwound (rekja) the-intestines out-of there
> and (she) leapt over-board.

She tore a hole in the boar’s groin and unwound its guts out
through it [‘thereout’] and leaped overboard.

> En Hárekr var þá í mannslíki ok steypti sér fyrir borð
> eftir henni, ok sukku þau til grunna, ok kom hvárki upp
> síðan, ok þótti mönnum sem þat mundi verit hafa Busla
> kerling, því at hún sást aldri síðan.

> And/but Harekr was then in human form and threw himself
> overboard after it, and they sank to the bottom, and
> neither came up after that, and it seemed to people as
> that would have been the old woman Busla, because she was
> never seen after that.

> But Harekr was then in the form of a man and swooped over
> board after her and (they) sank to the bottom and never
> came up afterwards, and it seemed to people as if that
> would have been Kerling Busla, because she was never seen
> afterwards.

> But Hárekr was then (by that time) in human-form and
> plunged over-board after her (it), and they to sank to
> (the) bottom and neither-of-the-two came up after-that,
> and (it) was-reckoned by folk (men) like that would have
> been old-woman Busla, because she was never seen
> after-that.

But Hárek was then in human shape and threw himself
overboard after her, and they sank to [the] bottom, and
neither came up afterwards, and folks thought that that must
have been old lady Busla, since she was never seen
afterwards.

> 15. Þeir fóstbræðr fengu sigr.

> The Foster-brothers Gain a Victory

> Those fosterbrothers gain a victory.

> 15. Those foster-brothers gain victory.

The foster brothers gain a victory.

> Bögu-Bósi er nú kominn upp á skip Hræreks ok barðist
> alldrengiliga.

> Bogu-Bosi has now arrived up on Hraerek's ship, and fought
> nobley.

> Bogu Bosi has now come up to Hraerek’s ship and fights
> most bravely.

> Bögu-Bósi is (has) now come up onto Hroerekr’s ship, and
> fought very-bravely.

Bögu-Bósi has now come up onto Hrœrek’s ship and fought very
gallantly.

> Hann sá, hvar faðir sinn flaut með borðinu mjök
> máttdreginn.

> He saw where his father floated by means of a plank, very
> exhausted.

> He saw where his father floated by the ship very
> exhausted.

> He saw, where his father floated by the-side-of-the-ship
> (borð, Z2) very sapped-of-strength

He saw where his father floated alongside the ship [‘along
the side (of the ship)’], very exhausted.

> Stökk hann nú fyrir borð ok hjálpaði honum ok kom honum
> upp í skip sitt.

> He now sprang overboard and helped him, and he brought him
> up to his ship.

> He leaped now overboard and helped him and brought him up
> to his ship.

> He sprang over-board and helped him and brought him up on
> to his ship.

He now leaped overboard and helped him and brought him up
into his ship.

> Þá var Hrærekr kominn á skipit ok hafði drepit margan
> mann.

> Hraerekr had then come to the ship and had slain many a
> man.

> Then Hraerekr had come on the ship and had killed many
> men.

> Then (by that time) Hroerekr was (had) come to the-ship
> and had killed many a man (person, acc sg)

By that time [‘then’] Hrœrek had come onto the ship and had
killed many men.

> Bósi kom þá upp á skipit ok var mjök móðr, en þó réðst
> hann í móti Hræreki ok hjó í skjöld hans ok klauf hann
> allan niðr í gegnum ok af honum fótinn í ristarliðnum.

> Bosi came up to the ship and was very weary, and yet he
> joined him against Hraereki and struck at his shield and
> it split all down through and off his leg to his
> instep-bone.

> Bosi came up on the ship then and was very tired, but
> still he came to blows against Hraerekr and hewed at his
> shield and cleaved it through all down and his foot to the
> ankle joint.

> Bósi came then up on to the-ship and was very exhausted,
> but nevertheless set-himself (ie made-an assault) against
> Hroerekr and hewed into his shield and cleaved it all down
> through and (cleaved) the-leg off him at the-ankle-joint.

Bósi then came up onto the ship and was very exhausted, but
nevertheless he confronted Hrœrek and hewed at his shield
and cleft it entirely through from top to bottom [‘niðr’]
and [sliced] off his foot at the ankle joint.

Brian