> Þá gengu þeir Þórir á hólm við berserkina og höfðu sigur.

> Then they went dueling with the berserkers, and they
> gained a victory. (Z. sigr - hafa, fá, vinna sigr = to
> gain a victory)

> Then they Thorir ( and the others ) went to a duel with
> the berserker and had victory.

> Then they, Þórir (and Ketilbjörn?) fought a duel (lit:
> went onto an islet) against the berserk-warriors and
> (they, Þórir and Ketilbjörn?) gained (the) victory.

Then Þóri and his companions went to fight a duel with the
berserks and gained a victory.

> Þá vildu félagar þeirra hefna og sló þá í bardaga og varð
> hin harðasta orusta en svo lauk að þeir drápu þá alla
> víkingana er í móti risu en eltu hina úr landi.

> Then their comrades wanted to take revenge and then it
> came to a fight and it was the hardest battle, and it
> ended thus: they they slew all the vikings who rose
> against (them) and pursued them out of the country.

> Then they wanted to avenge their comrades and slew them in
> battle and it became the most extreme fighting but ended
> that they killed all the vikings who rose against (them)
> and drove them out of the country.

> Then (the) comrades of them (ie the berserk-warriors,
> nominative) wanted to avenge (their defeat) and (it) came
> to a fight (slá í e-t, Z7) and (there) happened the
> fiercest (hardest) battle and (it) so concluded that they
> killed all those Vikings who rose against (them) but (and)
> chased the-others out-of (the) country.

Then their companions wanted to take vengeance, and it came
then to a fight, and it was the hardest battle, and it
ended thus, that they killed then all the freebooters who
rose against [them] and chased the others out of the
country.

> Þrjá vetur var Þórir í Gautlandi.

> Thorir stayed 3 years in Gautland.

> Thorir was in Gautland three winters.

> Three winters was Þórir in Gautland.

Þóri stayed three years in Gautland.

> Þá tók jarl banasótt.

> Then the earl became mortally ill.

> Then the earl became fatally ill.

> Then (the) earl contracted (received) a mortal-illness.

Then the jarl took [his] death sickness.

> Hann gaf Þóri kaupskip og bað hann fara til Íslands en
> Hauknef gaf hann dóttur sína og þar með ríkið og var hann
> þar eftir.

> He gave Thori a merchant ship and asked him to go to
> Iceland, and Hauknef gave his daughter (in marriage) and
> with that the kingdom, and he (Thorir) stayed there later.

> He gave Thorir a merchant ship and told him to go to
> Iceland and gave Hauknef his daughter and with that the
> kingdom and (he) was there afterwards.

> He gave Þórir a merchant-ship and bade him go to Iceland
> but (and) he gave (in marriage) his daughter to Hauknef
> (shouldn’t this be dative?) and there-with (ie with it)
> the (his) authority (earldom?) and he (ie Hauknef) was
> (stayed) there afterwards.

He gave Þóri a merchant ship and and asked him to travel to
Iceland, and to Hauknef he gave his daughter in marriage and
with that the kingdom, and he [Hauknef] remained there.

The nominative of the name is apparently <Hauknefr>, with a
masculine variant of neuter <nef> 'beak', and the dative is
identical with the accusative, just as it is in masculine
i-stems like <niðr> 'kinsman, scion'.

> En Þórir fór til Noregs.

> And/But Thorir went to Norway.

> But Thorir went to Norway.

> But (And) Þórir journeyed to Norway.

But Þóri travelled to Norway.

I stuck with ‘but’ here, since his actual destination
contrasts with the one requested by the jarl.

> Hann sendi Rekkal til Englands með annað skip.

> He sent Rekkal to England wih another ship.

> He sent Rekkal to England with another ship.

> He sent Rekkall to England with another ship.

He sent Rekkal to England with another ship.

According to the notes in one of my editions, this man’s
name appears in the nominative in two different forms in
various sources, <Rekkall> and <Reikull>, and in the
accusative once as <Reikhall>, so it’s not clear just what
the name actually was.

> Þeir Þórir fóru til Íslands og komu út í Dögurðarnes.

> They, Thorir (and others), went to Iceland and arrived at
> Dogrdarnes (The Daymeals?).

Day-meal Ness.

> They Thorir and the others went to Iceland and arrived out
> in Dogurdarness.

> They, Þórir (and co) journeyed to Iceland and came out (ie
> from abroad) into Dögurðarnes (‘Day-Meal’-Ness).

Þóri and his companions travelled to Iceland and came out to
Dögurðarnes.

> Þar kom Steinólfur hinn litli til skips og brá mjög við er
> hann sá Þóri.

> There Steinolfr the little came to his ship and praised
> much when he saw Thorir.

> Steinolfr the little came there to the ship and was very
> startled when he saw Thorir.

> There Steinólfr the Little came to (the) ship and
> marvelled at (it) (bregða við, Z7) greatly (was mightily
> impressed) when he saw Þórir.

Steinólf hinn litli [‘the little’] came to the ship and was
much startled when he saw Þóri.

> Þar var og Kjallakur gamli og bað hann Steinólf mág sinn
> eiga gott við Þóri, kvað honum þungt falla mundu ef hann
> gerði ei svo "þar sem þínar fylgjur mega ei standast hans
> fylgjur," sagði Kjallakur.

> Kjallakr the old was there and he asked is inlaw Steinolf
> to be on good terms with Thorir, said to him it would fall
> hard if did not do so "where as your guidance (?) cannot
> bear his guidance," said Kjallakr.

> There was also Kjallakr the old and he bade Steinolf, his
> in-law, to be on good terms with Thorir, told him it would
> fall heavily (on them) if he did not do so "whereas your
> guardian spirit cannot withstand his guardian spirit" said
> Kjallakr.

> Kjallakr (the) Old was there also and he bade Steinólfr
> his son-in-law to be on good-terms with Þórir (eiga got
> við e-n, Z10), declared (it) would fall heavily (ie turn
> out badly) for him if he did not (do) so “where your
> guardian-spirits (plural, fylgja, Z2)may not be-able to
> stand-up against his guardian-spirits,” said Kjallakr.

Kjallak gamli [‘(the) old’] was also there, and he asked
Steinólf, his brother-in-law, to be on good terms with Þóri;
[he] said that it would fall heavily on him if he did not do
so ‘there where your guardian spirits cannot withstand his
guardian spirits,’ Kjallak said.

Various sagas say that Kjallak gamli married Ástríð, sister
of Steinólf lági [‘(the) low’], who is presumably the same
person as this Steinólf hinn litli, so I’ve interpreted
<mágr> as ‘brother-in-law’.

> Steinólfur falar sverðið góða að Þóri en Þórir vill ei
> selja og bauð að gefa honum eins manns herneskju en
> Steinólfi þótti það líkt og ekki og lagðist lítt á með
> þeim.

> Steinolfr demands for purchase the good sword from Thorir,
> but Thorir doesn't wasnt to sell (it) and asked to give
> him in the same way a man's armor, and it seemed to
> Steinolf promising and not (?) and little arose between
> them. (Z. leggja 15 - leggjast á = to arise)

> Steinolfr demands to purchase a good sword from Thorir,
> but Thorir doesn't want to sell it and offered to give him
> armor for one man, but Steinolfr thought that like nothing
> (líkr Z) and placed little (importance) on them.

> Steinólfr demands-for-purchase the-good-sword from Þórir
> but Þórir wants not to sell (it) and offered (bjóða nit
> bíða!) to give him a certain man’s armour but (and) that
> seemed to Steinólfr like nothing (“bugger-all”, líkt og
> ekki, líkr, Z1) and (it) arose (leggjast á, Z15) poorly
> (lítt, Z2) with them (I´m suspect ‘they did not hit it
> off’, there was bad feeling between them?)

Steinólf demands to buy the good sword from Þóri, but Þóri
does not want to sell and offered to give him a man’s armor,
and Steinólf thought that like nothing, and they were not on
good terms.

See <leggja> Z(15) for <eigi lagðist mjök á með þeim
brœðrum>.

> Þórir vill þá í brott því að honum þótti þeir ærið
> liðmargir.

> Thorir then wants to go away because it seemed to him the
> crew went crazy. (?)

> Thorir wanted to be away because to him they seemed to be
> a large enough company.

> Þórir wants then (to go) away because they (ie Steinólfr
> and co) seemed to him (as) having sufficiently (oerinn)
> many men (to withstand an attack?)

Þóri then wants [to go] away, for they seemed to him
sufficiently numerous.

> Þeir tóku sunnanveður og ætla til Þorskafjarðar.

> The got a southern wind and intended to go to Thorkafjard.

> They got sunny weather and intend to go to Thorskafjord.

> They took (the) southerly-wind and intended (to go) to
> Þorskafjörðr (Cod-fjord)

They got a wind from the south and intend [to go] to
Þorskafjörð [‘codfish-fjord’].

> Þá gekk veðrið til landsuðurs og austurs og bar þá vestur
> undir Flatey.

> Then (they) got a southeast wind and east and it carried
> them west below Flatey.

> Then the wind went to southeast and east and took them
> west below Flat Island.

> Then the-wind (nominative) went (ie shifted) to (the)
> south-east and (the) east and bore them west underneath
> Flatey.

Then the wind shifted to the southeast and the east and
carried them west close to Flatey.

> Þar bjó Hallgríma dóttir Gils skeiðarnefs.

> Gil "warship-galley-nose's" daughter Hallgrima lived
> there.

> There lived Halgrima, daughter of Gil bow of a warship.

> There lived Hallgríma daughter of Gils skeiðarnef
> (possibly warship-nose or weaver´s-reed-nose?).

Hallgríma, daughter of Gils skeiðarnef, dwelt there.

The nominative is <Gils>, not <Gil>; it’s a variant of
<Gísl>. A classic source on Old Norse bynames says that his
byname was probably originally simply <nef> [‘nose, beak’],
and that <skeiðar-> was prepended because he was the owner
or captain of a skeið. If this is the case, his byname is
really two separate bynames.

> Hennar synir voru þeir Hergils er síðan bjó í Hergilsey og
> Oddi.

> Her sons were Hergil, who later lived in Hergilsy, and
> Oddr.

> Her sons were they, Hergils who later lived on Hergil's
> Island and Oddi.

> Her sons were those: Hergils who afterwards lived in
> Hergilsey (Hergils’s-Island) and Oddi.

Her sons were Hergils, who later dwelt on Hergilsey, and
Oddi.

> Þá sá Þórir Ingibjörgu dóttur Gils skeiðarnefs og fannst
> honum mikið um hana þá stund er þeir dvöldust í Flatey.

> Then Thorir saw Ingibjorg, daughter of Gil skeidarnef, and
> he admired her much the time when they stayed in Flatey.

> Then Thorir saw Ingibjorg, daughter of Gils bow of a
> warship and he was very pleased with her that time when
> they remained in Flat Island.

> Then Þórir saw Ingibjörg, daughter of Gils skeiðarnefr and
> (it) pleased him greatly concerning her (ie he was much
> taken by her) that time when they stayed in Flatey.

Then Þóri saw Ingibjörg, daughter of Gils skeiðarnef, and he
admired her very much while they tarried on Flatey.

> Þeir héldu þaðan til Knarrarness.

> They steered from there to Knarrarness.

> They steered from there to Knarrarness.

> They held (course) from there to Knarrarnes
> (Merchant-ship’s-Ness)

They steered thence to Knarrarnes [‘(merchant-)ship ness’].

> Það er á framanverðu Reykjanesi og þá fékk það nafn.

> It is at the front of Reykjaness and then got that name.

> It is at the point (Baetke) of Reykjaness and it gave it
> the name then.

> That is on-the-front-of (at the tip of?) Reykjanes (Ness
> of Steam/smoke) and then (ie at that time) got that name.

That is at the tip of Reykjanes and got that name then.

> Þá bjó Breiður í Gröf.

> Breidr then lived at Grof.

> Then Breidr lived in Grof.

> Then Breiðr lived in Gröf (Ditch, Grave)

Breið lived then at Gröf [‘pit, ditch; grave’].

> Þar heitir nú á Breiðabólstað.

> There it is now called Breidabolstad (Breidr's farm
> place).

> There is now called Breidbolstead.

> There  now (it) is-called at Breiðabólstaðr
> (Breiðr’s-farm)

That place is now called ‘at Breiðabólstað’ [‘Breið’s
homestead’].

> Þar gengu félagar Þóris af skipinu, þeir er fyrir sunnan
> Þorskafjörð áttu heimili, nema Ketilbjörn og Þórhallur.

> Thorir's crew went there from the ship, those who had a
> home south of Thorskafjord (Cod-fiord), except Ketilbjorn
> and Thorhallr.

> There Thorir's comrades went from the ship, they who
> previously had homes in Thorskafjord, except for
> Ketilbjorn and Thorhallr.

> There (the) comrades of Þórir went from the-ship, those
> who had (their) homes south of Þorskafjörðr, except
> Ketilbjörn and Þórhallr.

Þóri’s comrades left the ship there, those who had homes
south of Þorskafjörð, except Ketilbjörn and Þórhall.

> Þeir vildu eigi við Þóri skiljast.

> They didn't want to part from Thorir.

> They did not want to part with Thorir.

> They did not want to part from Þórir

They did not want to part from Þóri.

Brian