Here's the English version
Arnaud pointed out the similarity Engl. hunt ~ Mordv. kunda "catch".
It seems to be bigger than that.
UEW
kanta1 'tree stump -> 'ground, base, stand, support, handle' Finno-Ugric
Finnish kanta (Gen. kannan) 'ground, foot, base; stand; stem; (shoe)
heel; prominent angular part', kantapää 'heel', kannas (Gen.
kannaksen) 'tree trunk; isthmus; end of the sled runner'
(> Saami
Norwegian Saami gad'do 'back of the knee',
Kola Saami Ter Saami ka:nta,
Kildin Saami kant,
Notozero Saami ka:tt 'heel'),
kanto (Gen. kannon) 'tree stump, stub'
(? > Saami Wefsen Saami ka,`ttV 'tree trunk; special post (to which a
reindeer in the enclosure can be tied)';
Estonian kand (Gen. kanna) 'heel, foot, footing, lower part, back
part; lug, handle',
kand (Gen. kannu) 'tree stump, trunk' |
Saami
Norwegian Saami guoddo, gud'du- 'stump (of tree)',
Lule Saami kuotto:i '»Rohn«, fallen tree, tree trunk',
? Norwegian Saami gad'de -dd- 'bank, shore, dry land; (Adv. gadde)
along the shore',
? Lule Saami kadde: 'river bank, beach; edge' |
Mordvin Erzya kando, Moksha kanda umgefallener Baum, windfall' |
? Komi
Sysola Luza gid 'main part of scythe, river bend (S), sacklike middle
part of the draught net (Luza)' |
Khanty (315)
Vasjugan kant : c^om&lk. 'horizontal beam fastened to the supporting
base post of the forest storage hut, on top of which the entire
storage hut is constructed (there are two of them, one on each
available support)',
Lower Derjanka (informant Tailakov) xont 'grid built around the foot
of each forest storage hut on a supporting base post and on top of
which the floor is placed; (hypochor.) hind legs of the bear',
Kazym xont 'foot, post of the storage or forest storage hut' |
Mansi (WV 102)
Pelymka ke:nt,
Upper Lozva xa:nta 'storage post', (...)
? Lower Konda xant < kö:l xantn& 'to the wall',
Middle Konda kant: e:xt&skant. .. sö:t us ' seven cities near the rock'.
In Finnish and Saami a word split has probably occurred:
Finnish kanta 'Grund', Estonian kand (Gen. kanna) 'heel',
? Saami
Norwegian Saami gad'de 'bank' usw. ~ Finnish kanto 'tree stump,
Estonian kand (Gen. kannu) id., Saami Norwegian Saami guoddo id. In
SKES the Finnish words kanta and kanto are separated. This seems not
to be warranted semantically.
The inclusion of the Saami Norwegian Saami gad'de 'bank' runs into
phonological and semantic difficulties. It can only be admitted if a
semantic change 'ground' -> 'edge' -> 'river bank' has taken place;
see also *kanta 'edge, river bank' Finno-Ugric.
For phonological and semantic reasons it is unclear whether the Komi
word belongs here.
The sense of the Ob-Ugrian words stems from the fact that the forest
storage hut mostly was built on fallen or felled tree trunks.
It is unclear whether Mansi Lower Konda xant-, Middle Konda kant-
belongs here because of the deducible sense 'edge'; see also *kanV
'edge, river bank' Uralic and *kanta 'edge, river bank' Finno-Ugric.
It is unclear whether this word family is related to the word family
of *kanta- 'carry' Uralic (Finnish kanta 'carry' usw.) (...).
The inclusion of Finnish kontti 'thighbone' (...) is unacceptable for
phonological and semantic reasons.
kanta2 'edge, river bank' Finno-Ugric
? Saami
Norwegian Saami gad'de -dd- 'bank, shore, dry land; (adv. gadde)
'along the shore',
Lule Saami kadde: 'river bank, beach, edge' |
? Mansi (...)
Lower Konda xant-: kö:l xantn& 'to the wall',
Middle Konda kant-: e:kt&skant... sö:t us 'seven cities near the rock'.
The equation is unclear partly because of the remote correspondences,
partly because both words could belong to one or several other
etymologies; see *kanta 'ground, base, stand, support, handle'
Finno-Ugric and *kanV 'edge, river bank' Uralic
kanV1 'edge, river bank' Uralic
? Komi (Wol.Réd.)
Permian (Usolje) kan 'bok' |
? Khanty (310)
Vach kan&n,,
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xon&n,,
Kazym xon&n,
'edge (Vach Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) Kazym),
river bank (Vach Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin)),
seam, edge (Vach Kazym)'
(> Selkup
Tas k,ánang,
Baicha kaneng 'edge, beach)|
? Mansi (...)
Lower Konda xant: päs&nm& köl xantn& lak säptil&m 'I push the table to
the wall',
Middle Konda kant: e:kt&sk., n´o:rk. .. . söt us 'seven cities close
to the rock, close to Ural' |
?? Hungarian (dial.) hany 'swamp (meadow)' ||
? [Samoyed
Nenets(186)
Obdorsk xi:?'(towards) next to', xi:na '(at) next to';
Selkup
Ket Dialect N konné,
Ket Dialect konnéä 'up (into the forest, onto the river bank, into the
innermost part of room),
(Donn. Mskr.) Middle Tas Tym-Dialekt konä 'upwards'].
Khanty n, is a derivational suffix, né, ä in the Selkup word a dative
or lative suffix. Whether the Komi word belongs here is unclear
because of its rare occurrence. The Mansi word belongs here only if
its element t is a derivational suffix. The change n > ny in auslaut
of the Hungarian word took place in Middle Hungarian. The Selkup
correspondence is irregular because of the palatal k.
The Hungarian word belongs here only in the case of a semantic change
'edge' -> 'river bank' -> 'swampy river bank' -> 'swamp, wet meadow'.
On the Mansi word (if its t belongs to the stem) see also *kanta 'tree
stump -> 'ground, base, stand, support, handle' Finno-Ugric bzw.
*kanta 'edge, river bank' Finno-Ugric.
kan,V- (kan,kV-) 'climb, rise' Ugrian, ?Finno-Ugric
? Komi
Sysola Permian ka,j- 'rise, go up, climb (up), get up', Eastern
Permian karj- 'rise, go up' |
Khanty (OL 96)
Vach kan,Vt-,
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xon,x-,
Obdorsk xon,- 'climb; go up the mountain, go upstream',
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xan,tep,
Obdorsk xan,tep 'stairs, ladder' |
Mansi (WV 100)
Tavda (village Janyc^kova) kVnk-,
Lower Konda Sosva xa:n,x--
Upper Konda ke:n,k-,
Pelymka kan,k- 'climb (up)' |
Hungarian hág- 'kick, rise, walk; (animal) service', hágcsó 'footfall;
stepladder'.
The Komi word belongs here only in the case of a Finno-Ugric rule
*n, > j. That is however unusual in words with velar vowels. In Komi
one might assume a rule +a > *ä > a - under the influence of j.
The Finnish kapua- "climb" placed here by of Setälä (FUF 2:277) and
Steinitz (OstjChr.2 139) does not belong here because of its *w in inlaut.
kattV- 'push, go (forwards)' U
?[Udmurt
Sarapul kut- 'grab; hold, observe, fulfill; master, rule; begin',
(Wichm.)
Glazov kutî.- 'grab, take' |
Komi
Sysola Permian kut-
'hold; stop, detain; grasp, grab, catch (Sysola Permian);
possess, control; begin (Sysola),
Eastern Permian kut- 'grasp, grab; begin' ||
Khanty (363)
Vach kat- 'sneak up on',
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xatt&- 'move, push (forwards)',
Obdorsk xat- 'go elsewhere, move (forwards, backwards, sideways)' |
Hungarian hat- 'effect; push;
(Old Hungarian) be able to;
(Old Hungarian) penetrate into,
(Old Hungarian) possess',
-hat-, -het- 'be capable of; be permitted to',
hatalom 'power, force' ||
Samoyed
Selkup (...) Tas qati- 'detIsja, devatIsja; get somewhere'.
kawa- 'rise' Finno-Ugric
? Finnish kapua-, kavua-, (dial., kapi-, kapu-, kapaa- ~ kavaa-)
'climb, rise' (> Estonian dial. kabu-), kavahta- 'jump up, become
angry' |
? Khanty (289, 288)
Vasjugan kaGaG&l-,
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xow&t- 'rise with the water',
Obdorsk xowl&- 'rise to the surface, rise up (fat when cooking, sweat)'.
Finnish ua (*uða), i, u, ht and Khanty G&l, t, l& are derivational
suffixes.
The p in Finnish kapua- has appeared in analogy to the verbal stems
with Stufenwechsel p ~ v from v (cf. kavua-, kavaa-).
The Khanty interdialectal vowel correspondence should be explained
with a Proto-Khanty alternation *o ~ *a.
In Khanty a semantic narrowing 'rise' -> 'rise to the surface' has
taken place. The equation is also uncertain because of the remote
relationship.
Finnish kavahta- 'take care, be cautious' (SKES with ?) doesn't belong
here, for semantic reasons, it is a derivation of kavala 'sneaky,
insidious'.
Saami Norwegian Saami go,w'do- -wd- 'float' (PD 459) can because of
its inlauting consonant sequence not be placed here.
On the Hungarian hág 'step, rise' erroneously placed here and its
relatives (...) see *kan,V- (*kan,kV-) 'climb' Uralic, ? Finno-Ugric.
The Permian words can only be placed here in the case of a semantic
development *'push forwards' -> *'reach, obtain' -> 'catch, grasp' ->
'begin'.
In Hungarian a semantic development 'push, go forwards' -> 'be capable
of' -> 'have power' -> 'possess' has taken place. The present sense
'effect' may have developed from the sense 'have power'.
The inclusion of Finnish kohta 'place opposite' (...) faces semantic
hurdles. In SKES the Permian words are connected with ? with Finnish
kunne 'pressure mark'. On the Finnish word see *kunta- 'catch; find (a
prey)' Finno-Ugric, ? Uralic.
kunc^V ~ kuc^V2 'power, strength' Finno-Ugric?|
Finnish kunto 'physical strength, mental capacity, ability, skill;
efficiency; order, state; form, state'
(> Saami
Norwegian Saami gun'do 'courage, enterprise',
Norwegian Saami gud´dâ -dd- 'capacity, efficiency, being of use');
Estonian kunnatu, konnatu 'frightening, disgusting, cruel, scandalous'] |
? Udmurt
Sarapul kuz^im,
Kazan kuz^&^m (kuz^m-) 'power, strength, Macht',
(Wichm.) Glazov kuz^î.m 'power' |
? Khanty (351)
Demjanka (folk.) xac^ax : x. ent tajtan 'you have no powers(?) (ent
tajtan 'you don't have'),
Kazym xas^ax an taj&l 'he has nothing for living (ie. he has no bread
and no clothes and can't work profitably)',
xas^axli 'bad, living in misery'.
Finnish o, Udmurt m und Khanty x, xli are derivational suffixes.
Finnish kunto may also be a derivation of kunta : kansakunta 'nation'
(kansa 'people'), yhteiskunta 'company' (yhtan 'common') etc.n:
'troop, group' -> 'row' -> 'order' -> 'order, shape'; cf. finn. väki
'people' ~ 'power, strength'; see under *kunta '(extended) family,
community' Finno-Ugric.
Because of the unvertain sense it is a queation whether the Khanty
word belongs here. For Finnish *nc^ should be posited, for Udmurt and
Khanty *c^.
On the words Udmurt kid 'sense, mind' and Komi Sysola kid: mil kid
'sense, reason' (...) erroneously placed here see *kintV (*küntV)
'fog, steam, smoke' Uralic.
On the Khanty (352) Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xos^- 'be
capable of, understand' (...) erroneously placed here see *kac^V-
(*koc^V-) 'understand, know' Finno-Ugric.
Mansi (WV 70) Tavda (village Janyc^kova) kVn´c´- 'know' (...) because
of the inlauting consonant sequence *n´c´ does not belong here.
kunta1 '(extended) family, community' Finno-Ugric, ? U
Finnish kunta (Gen. kunnan): kansakunta 'nation' (kansa 'people'),
kyläkunta 'village community' (kylä 'village), maakunta 'landscape,
province' (maa 'land'), perhekunta '(core) family' (perhe 'family'),
yhteiskunta 'company' (yhtan 'common');
Estonian kond (Gen. konna): emakond 'all of the children of a family'
(ema 'Mutter'), kodakond 'house community' (koda 'Haus')
(>Saami R kunde '-kunta') |
Saami
Norwegian Saami -go,d'de: bV:râhgo,d'de -dd- 'family; relations
(collectively)' (bV:râs^ 'family'),
Kola Saami (557)
Ter Saami kon,t: iemn´e-k. 'landscape' (iemn´e 'earth, land' |
? Mordvin (Paas.: Suomi 1897/3/13: 15-6) Moksha kon´dä, kun´dä
'friend, mate' |
? Khanty (317)
Vach kant&G jaG 'the Khanty' (jaG 'people'),
Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) xant&,
Obdorsk xanti 'Khantye
(Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin) Obdorsk),
human (Upper Demjanka (informant Narygin)),
Khanty (Obdorsk)' |
Mansi (ÁKE 316)
Tavda khå:nt,
Northern Mansi xå:nt 'army, troop; war, battle',
Pelymka kho:nt-pøn,k 'army leader' (pøn,k 'Kopf),
(...) Tavda (village Janyc^kova) ka:nt 'war, war troop;
(...)
Lower Konda xo:nt,
Pelymka kõnt 'war, war party',
(...)
Tavda ka:ntla:kt- 'warführen'
(> Khanty Reg., Pápay Northern Mansi kant, xå:nt 'army troop') |
Hungarian had 'army; war; troop, gang; (Old Hungarian) (extended)
family', hadakoz- 'wage war, struggle, fight' ||
? Samoyed
Enets (...) kode 'tribe, family'.
Khanty &y, i and & in auslaut are prob. denom. nominal suffixes. It is
unclear whether the Khanty word belongs here, since it is not known
whether this derivational suffix has a function with the sense
'belonging to a community (family)'.
The use of Finnish -kunta in geographical names might be explained by
Germanic influence (cf. Old Uppland Swedish -hunda).
Because of the inlauting palatalized consonant sequence and the
auslauting palatal vowel it is unclear whether the Mordvin word
belongs here.
The sense 'war, army' of the Mansi and Hungarian word is secondary.
The word is only documented in a Samoyed language, therefore it is
uncertain whether belongs here.
kunta-3 'catch; find (a prey)' Finno-Ugric, ? Uralic
Finnish kunne (Gen. kunteen) 'pressure mark; prey, dent', (...) kunti-
'grab, pick meticulously (berries)' |
Saami
Norwegian Saami go,d'de- 'kill, murder, slaughter; fish (for), catch
(salmon),
Lule Saami kådde:-,
Kola Saami (245) Kildin Saami Akkala Saami ko,nte-,
Notozero Saami ko,tte- 'kill' |
Mordvin
Erzya Moksha kunda- 'grab, grasp; hand over, undertake, begin' |
Mansi (...)
Tavda (village Janyc^kova) kant-,
Lower Konda xont-,
Pelymka kont-,
Sosva xo:nt-,'find; (...) see' ||
? Samoyed
Nenets(171) Upper Ob xan´je- 'hunt game';
Enets Chantaika Baicha kad'a:- 'catch, hunt'.
Finnish kunne is a derivation of a verb *kunta- 'grab, grasp' with the
deverb. nominal suffix e (<*ek). The i in kunti- is a verbal suffix.
Nenets je is a derivational suffix. Enets d' may be explained as the
palatalizing influence of a lost derivational suffix *j.
The Samoyed words belong here only in the case of a change
*nt >Nenets *n > n´ and *nt > Enets *dd > d (under the influence of
the derivational suffixess *j).
See also *kunta-lV- 'hear, listen' Ugrian, ? Finno-Ugric.
In the SKES the verbs Udmurt kuti- 'grasp' and Komi kut- 'catch' are
connected with ? to Finnish kunne. Because of their inlauting t they
can't belong here; on the Permian words see *kattV- 'push, go
(forwards), move' Uralic
kansa 'people; mate, friend' Finno-Permian
?| Finn. kansa 'people, nation', kanssa (postp.) 'with';
Estonian kaasa (dial. ka:s) 'mate, companion, spouse', -ga (case
suffix) 'with' |
? Saami
Norwegian Saami ga3'3e -33- 'household (often in opposition to a
single individual); (considerable) assembly of people',
Wefsen Saami (596) Gätts'V: nuo`r`V g. 'the young family',
Kola Saami (254)
Ter Saami kaince,
Kildin Saami ka:inc,
Akkala Saami kainc 'mate' ||
? [Udmurt
Sarapul kuz,
Kazan kùz 'pair',
Sarapul Glazov kuzo,
Kazan ku:zo 'forming a pair' |
Komi
Sysola Permian goz 'pair',
Eastern Permian guz 'pair',
Sysola Permian gozja 'forming a pair, paired; married couple',
Eastern Permian guzja 'c^eta, muz^ s z^enoj'].
Because of the a of the first syllable it is uncertain whether the
Sami word belongs here.
In Finnish the word became a postposition with comitative function, in
Estonian a case suffix.
On the semantic relationship Finnish 'people' ~ Estonian 'mate,
companion' cf. Finnish seura 'company'~ Estonian sõber 'friend',
Finnish kunta 'community'~ ?Mordvin Moksha kon´d'ä, kuñd'ä 'friend,
mate'. On the Permian senses '(married) couple' cf. Estonian kaasa
'spouse'.
The set of words uncertain, since the Finnish and Saami words also can
be loans from Germanic ( < early Proto-Germanic *xansa: < Germanic.
*hanso: > Gothic hansa 'troop, crowd', OHG hansa 'warrior troop').
Saami Norwegian Saami guos'se -ss- 'guest, stranger' (Bergsland: Vir.
1965:153) can because of the too distant sense not be placed here.
kuttV- (kottV-) 'run' Finno-Permian
? Mari
Kozmodemjansk (Mountain) k&^ðala-,
Urz^um Birsk kuðala- 'go fast by horse (horseback or carriage)
(Kozmodemjansk (Mountain) Urz^um), run (of quadrupeds)
(Kozmodemjansk (Mountain) Urz^um Birsk), go (by horse) (Birsk)' |
? Komi
Sysola koter-: koteren 'running',
Sysola Permian kotert-,
Eastern Permian kotørt- 'run, flow',
Sysola kotral- 'run'.
Mari la and Komi r are derivational suffixes.
The deduced inlauting *tt can in Mari sporadically correspond to ð.
The vowel of the ersten syllable was probably *u or *o. These phonemes
may correspond to Proto-Permian *o (> Komi o) only as an exception.
The Selkup koptiri- 'jump (about, forward)' which ESK connects here
does not fit because of the inlauting pt.'
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/59612
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/57913
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/57904
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/56135
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/55551
cf. Engl. haunt < (supposedly) F hant-
Skeat: origin disputed.
and all the catch/chase words, and pls. disregard the usual derivation
from Latin capta:re
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/cybalis/message/41500
Skeat also has a Dutch kaets- "catch", cf. the un-Dutch -ts- also in
bots-, kwets-.
It is interesting that while North European IE and Uralic share the
words and meanings of "(community around) river harbor", Uralic has
the semantic predecessor, namely "tree stump, support" implied in
harbor building.
That seems to point to Uralic being the donor.
Note Latin (from Gallic) cai- (/kãI-/?) "barrier, banniser", Lat.
cancelli (/kanc^-/?) -> Fr. quai, Du. kaai "quay, wharf"
New guess what the connection "(river) side), harbor"/"hunt" is (note
same division in Fr. cacher, Eng. catch): those places were summer
camps, from which they hunted (cf. the Eskimos)?
Note also district names
Est. -kond ~ Uppland Swed. -hunda ~ Pre-Dutch -hant- (Twente, Drenthe)
Torsten