Re: Lith. Z^em. obuolas 'apple' That's IT(was: Slavic compound word

From: Sergejus Tarasovas
Message: 35857
Date: 2005-01-07

--- In cybalist@yahoogroups.com, "whetex_lewx" <whetex_lewx@...>
wrote:

> Maybe we'll continue
> discussion in future,
> veiz[i']ese:m k['a]t(u)rs k['a]tron uz^varte:[y~]s d[a:~] :)

I hope we both are aiming to ascertain the truth, not to win a
contest, aren't we? :)

> Piotr wrote that apple was in PIE h2(a)bo:l-os. How -is in Lith.
and
> Latvian dialects and -e in Prussian are explainable?

See Zinkevic^ius p. 240ff, also Kazlauskas (Lietuviu, kalbos
istorine: grammatika) p. 242ff, especially p. 286 ("l- ir kitu,
kamienu, nykimas"). In a nutshell, the apple-word is an old
consonantal stem (*l-stem), and, to quote Zinkevic^ius, "Baltu,
kalbose nykstantys priebalsiniai kamienai pereina i, i kamiena, ...
[tam] pradzia, dave: priebalsiniu, ir i kamieno akuzatyvo fleksijos
fonetinis sutapimas ... ve:liau, s^iam [i kamienui -- ST] nykstant, i
kamieno formos buvo perdirbtos (i)jo kamieno pavyzdz^iu".

So, *h2(a)bo:l- > (Winter's law) *a:bo:l- -> (by analogy with i-
stems) <obuolìs>, G. sg. <obuolie~s> -> (by analogy with *(i)jo-
stems) <obuoly~s>.

Cf. also (Kazlauskas): "Greta vartojami <obuoly~s> (plg. lat.
<a:buolis>), <obuolìs>, <-ie~s> ... , <óbuolas> (Salantai, Kretinga,
Varniai) rodo savo kilme, is^ priebalsinio kamieno: <obuoly~s> :
<debesy~s> [<debesìs> -- an old *s-stem word, < *nebHes- -- ST];
<obuolìs>, <-ie~s> : debesìs>, <-ie~s>; <óbuolas> : <a~kmenas>
[<akmuo~> -- an old *n-stem word, < *h2akmen- -- ST]".

Sergei