--- tgpedersen <
tgpedersen@...> wrote:
There was foreign intrusion into Thuringia, namely
from the Oder-
Warthe group of the Przeworsk culture, at the same
time as the
Przworsk culture experience a sharp break (Boosen:
"Z�sur")
themselves, including the appearance of inhumation
graves in an until
the exclusively cremation grave environment.
*****GK: A proto-Vandalic or Vandalic intrusion into
Thuringia
seems entirely possible.*****
(TP}The hallmark of the Germanic languages, the Grimm
shift, seems to
have spread north and west from Thuringia.
*****GK I have no opinion on this. But I would shortly
like to raise this issue of "Germanic origin" again,
since I am not quite clear on how Jastorf relates to
Oksywie and to the Scandinavian cultures further north
and east.*****
(TP)At the same time, as we
discussed way back wrt Albrectsen's material on find
on Fyn at the
time, there was a sudden break, among other things,
inhumation graves
start to appear (which as I have learned from you, is
the preferred
mode of interment of the Sarmatians), replacing the
until then
exclusively used cremation.
You asked me to provide archaeological leads for a
connection between
the Oder-Warthe culture and cultures on the supposed
"Odin trail".
Here are list of finds of various clasp(fibula) types
found in the
Oder-Warthe culture of the period, plus ditto of the
Oksywie culture.
As you can see, they are spread all over a trail from
the Crimea (one
fin at Kerch) to Germany, including Bohemia, Moravia,
Slovakia,
Belarus, Hungary and Ukraine. On top of that, they are
found within
sites of Zarubincy cultures, in fortified Dacian
villages
and in
sites otherwise ascribed to Sarmatians.
****GK: Which are those? The only clearly identified
one in your list is Ostrivets', a 1rst c. AD burial at
the Costobokan-Bastarnian border, which contains an
exemplar of Almgren 2a.*****
(TP)For a few of the types I have included statistics
of the distribution
between inhumation and cremation graves. It seems the
types Almgren
67 and 68 (with subtypes) are the most, and Kostrewski
type M and N
(with subtypes) the least connected with inhumation,
so I believe if
any type of filula is connected with an intrusive
Sarmatian element,
it should be A67/A68.
*****GK: Well the problem with that hypothesis is that
A67/A68 are apparently not found (as per your list) in
the indubitably Sarmatian graves of that period.
Ukrainian archaeologists consider Almgren A67/A68 to
be "western type" fibulae (cf. e.g. V.D.Baran, ed.,
"The 'pre-statehood' Slavs of southeastern Europe"[in
Russ.],1990, pp. 76-79) and contrast them with fibulae
of local production in Sarmatian, Scytho-Sarmatian,
Zarubinian and other East European cultures. In
Ukraine, A68 fibulae are particularly noticeable in
the Przeworsk (Vandalic) and Lypytska
(Dacian/Costobokan) cultures [the Lypytska culture of
the upper Dnister, which began in the 1rst c. AD, also
had an important Vandalic component]. There are
isolated finds of A67 and A68 in other cultures of
course (as your list indicates), but they are not
productively associated with ANY of the Sarmatian
groups of that time (whether Yazigi, Roxolans,
Aorsans, or Alans, whether in Hungary or Romania, or
Ukraine, or Russia /and this involves the Don and
territories east thereof: no such fibulae, it seems,
in the putative "Asgard" or "Vanaland" areas.../). As
to inhumation graves. There are a number of well known
Sarmatian type i.g. (one can differentiate between
e.g. Yazigian/Roxolanian, Aorsan, Alanic sub-groups,
the latter two showing peculiar construction
complexities). The inhumation graves of Przeworsk,
Oksywie, and Wielbark (later of Chernyakhiv) are quite
different. The "influence" might have been vaguely
Sarmatian (although that isn't clear: the Pontic
Greeks, Scythians, and others also used an inhumation
ritual), but no archaeologist will identify a Wielbark
or Oksywie inhumation grave as a "Sarmatian intrusion"
merely on the basis of the rite per se. You need much
more than that: it has to be a verified Sarmatian type
i.g., containing a Sarmatian type burial position,
with Sarmatian objects preponderant in the inventory.
You don't have that in Oksywie or Przeworsk for the
period you need. You don't have it in
Poeneshti-Lukashovka (Bastarnia). BTW a similar
situation exists as to cremation burials: there were
many different types (more than 30 in Eastern Europe!
And many of them have been linked, after further
microanalysis, with specific ethna or sub-ethna,
Germanic, Slavic, Baltic, Dacian etc..) *****
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