Syllabic liquids in Slavic [2]

From: Piotr Gasiorowski
Message: 9913
Date: 2001-10-01

Part II
 
Development of tautosyllabic yer-plus-lateral combinations.
 
Two developments took place rather early (before the phonologisation of palatalised consonants):
 
*Il, *Ul > (syllabic) *l after dentals
*Il > *el after palatoalveolars (*s^, z^, ts^)
 
[In the Mazovian dialects *el developed also after labials -- that is, from all original *Il sequences except after dentals.]
 
Later changes:
 
*Ul > *&l (> el/)
*Il > *’&l’ (> il)
 
Dispalatalisations:
 
*’&l’ > *&l > el/ before any coronal consonant followed by a non-front vowel.
*el > *ol > ol/ (ól/ > Mod. [uw] if originally long)
 
Vocalisation of syllabic *l:
 
*l > l/u
 
EXAMPLES
 
Original *Ul or *Il after dentals
 
*stUlpU ‘post, pillar’ > *stlp& > stl/up (Mod. sl/up)
*sUlnIce ‘sun’ > *sln’ce > sl/un’ce (Mod. sl/on’ce)
*tIlstU ‘fat’ > *tlst& > tl/ust(y)
*dIlgU ‘long’ > *dlg& > dl/ug(i)
 
Original *Il after palatoalveolars
 
*z^IltU ‘yellow’ > *z^elt& > z.ol/t(y) (Mod. z.ól/ty)
*z^IlvI ‘tortoise’ > *z^elv’& > z.ol/v’ (Mod. z.ól/w)
*c^IlnU ‘boat’ > *c^eln& > czol/n (Mod. czól/no)
*c^Ilgati ‘creep’ > *c^elgati > czol/gac’ (sie,)
 
Original *Ul after velars and labials
 
*xUlmU ‘hill’ > *x&lm& > chel/m (from Germanic *xulm-a-)
*gUlkU ‘noise’ > *g&lk& > (z)giel/k
*kUlbU ‘gudgeon’ > *k&lb& > kiel/b
*pUlkU ‘troop’ > *p&lk& > pel/k (also irregularly pól/k, Mod. pul/k)
 
Original *Il after labials; palatalisation retained
 
*vIlkU ‘wolf’ > *v’&l’k& > wilk
*pIlstI ‘felt’ > *p’&l’st’& > pils’c’ (Mod. pils’n’)
*mIlc^i ‘be silent’ > *m’&l’c^i > milczy (Mod. milcz)
 
Original *Il after labials; palatalisation lost
 
*pIlnU ‘full’ > *p’&l’n& > pel/n(y)
*vIlna ‘wool’ > *v’&l’na > wel/na
*mIltU ‘ground [p.p.]’ > *m’&l’t& > mel/t(y) (now obsolete)
 
[Mazovian developments:
 
*pIlnU ‘full’ > *peln& > piol/n(y)
*vIlna ‘wool’ > *velna > wiol/na]
 
Analogical levellings:
 
pel/n(y) (sg.) : pilni (pl.) > pel/ny : pel/ni
wel/na (Nom.) : wilnie (Loc.) > wel/na : wel/nie
 
Piotr