It's original with me. As someone
else pointed out the Catalan was incorrect; I had that confused with
Rhaeto-Romanic, which uses the <tg> digraph where Spanish has <ch>,
Catalan has <tx> and Italian and Romanian have <ci/ce>.
Which brings up something: how bout a
discussion on the fragmentation of Vulgar Latin into the modern Romance
languages?
Arabic I think is increasingly using
letters normally used in Persian for five additional consonants, using a
three-dot marking:
beh > peh (three dots
below)
jiim > chiim (three dots
inside/below)
zeh > zheh (three dots
above)
feh > veh (three dots
above)
kaaf > gaaf (a diagonal line parallel to
the top mark of kaaf)
Modern Hebrew uses the
geresh (resembles an apostrophe) for extended consonants for sounds
found in loans:
gimel > "j"
zayin > "zh"
tsade > "ch"
Also, peh without dagesh (dot inside
letter) is "f"; final "p" sometimes marked by the non-final glyph for
peh.
A lot of these conventions are used in
Ladino and Judeo-Arabic; Yiddish uses different conventions as well as these
digraphs: vav-vav (Hebrew uses it for "w" I think), yod-yod and vav-yod
(the diphthongs ei/ai and oi resp.).
Devanagari and its cousins in India use the
nukta (point below) for Persian, English and other loans:
k > q
kh > x
g > G
j > z
ph > f
y > zh (?)
Hindi has d./d.h > r./r.h for retroflex
flaps.
The vowels /æ/ and /å/:
Initially: the "full" vowel letters "e" and
"o" with the chandra (half-moon turned upward)
After consonants: chandra on the akshara
itself and chandra on the long-a marker.
These are especially important for
Gujarati.
Something similar is used for the short "e"
and "o" in Dravidian languages written with Devanagari.
As for Pinyin: the predecessor of Pinyin,
the non-Roman system of transliteration named Bopomofo, has some extended
letters for non-Mandarin dialects: v, initial ng-, the voiced stops, final -m,
final stops, nasalized vowels. Other than that, I'm not aware of
anything.
~DaW~
----- Original Message -----
Sent: Sunday, 02 September, 2001
22:48
Subject: Re: [tied] Vw again
Danny Wier:
> German: Tschaikowsky
> French:
Tchaikovsky
> English: Chaikovsky
...
> Arabic: Tshayqofskii
> Hebrew: Ts'ayqopskii
>
Turkish: Çaykovski
Nice. Original with you, or something you cribbed
from elsewhere?
It would be nice if this could be extended/corrected.
The transliterations of transliterations (Hebrew and Greek) need
extending -- Arabic, Devanagri, and Pinyin for sure. This is one name
that exists in ALL important human languages, and since each important
human language seems to have its own rules for transliterating
Cyrillic letters, we get a jolly orthographic
babel.