Re: [tied] Affects of immigrant communities in language change

Herodotus, The Histories

1.94.2
phasi de autoi Ludoi kai tas paignias tas nun sphisi te kai
Hellêsi
katesteôsas heôutôn exeurêma genesthai: hama de tautas te
exeurethênai para sphisi legousi kai Tursêniên apoikisai,
hôde peri
autôn legontes. [3] epi Atuos tou Maneô basileos sitodeiên
ischurên
ana tên Ludiên pasan genesthai, kai tous Ludous teôs men
diagein
lipareontas, meta de hôs ou pauesthai, akea dizêsthai, allon de
allo
epimêchanasthai autôn. exeurethênai dê ôn tote kai
tôn kubôn kai tôn
astragalôn kai tês sphairês kai tôn alleôn paseôn
paignieôn ta eidea,
plên pessôn toutôn gar ôn tên exeuresin ouk
oikêiountai Ludoi. [4]
poieein de hôde pros ton limon exeurontas, tên men heterên
tôn
hêmereôn paizein pasan, hina dê mê zêteoien sitia,
tên de heterên
siteesthai pauomenous tôn paignieôn. toioutôi tropôi
diagein ep' etea
duôn deonta eikosi. [5] epeite de ouk anienai to kakon all' eti
epi
mallon biazesthai houtô dê ton basilea autôn duo moiras
dielonta
Ludôn pantôn klêrôsai tên men epi monêi tên de
epi exodôi ek tês
chôrês, kai epi men têi menein autou lanchanousêi tôn
moireôn heôuton
ton basilea prostassein, epi de têi apallassomenêi ton
heôutou paida,
tôi ounoma einai Tursênon. [6] lachontas de autôn tous
heterous
exienai ek tês chôrês katabênai es Smurnên kai
mêchanêsasthai ploia,
es ta esthemenous ta panta hosa sphi ên chrêsta epiploa,
apopleein
kata biou te kai gês zêtêsin, es ho ethnea polla
parameipsamenous
apikesthai es Ombrikous, entha spheas enidrusasthai polias kai
oikeein to mechri toude. [7] anti de Ludôn metonomasthênai
autous epi
tou basileos tou paidos, hos spheas anêgage, epi toutou tên
epônumiên
poieumenous onomasthênai Tursênous.

Rendering
But, at the same time they discovered [this], alongside they
recollect, [that] Tursêniên was sent away from home, thus round
about
they say.

Upon Atuos the Maneô king [a] strong want of corn overcame all the
Ludiên. And on the one hand the Ludous persisted and [were]
carried
across, yet amidst this, so as not to perish, sought a remedy, then
all together devised a plan against, by inventing every game-of-risk,
dice, neck-bone, ball, and all other contests of any form. Even still
draught-stones for all these contests the Ludoi sought out, not
making their own.

But to make out [and] divine the direction of the famine, here
everyone [for] one day to play as children, there not to seek corn,
the following they eat and halt [the] game. By this course, they
continued to traverse two from twenty years.

Still, to the contrary after that the bad [time had] not passed, yet
exceedingly continued in this manner. So the king himself [in] two
parts divided all [of] Ludôn, on the one [an] order imposed to be
turned out to leave and make room, and the other to stay at home,
this portion by fate the king selected. However, the ones sent forth
[were lead by], a kinsmen, by name he was Tursênon. Then by gods
will, those turned out from their district came down into Smurnên
to
prepare ships, this multitude made these ready (with stores), set
sail downward to live in search [of] land. These by-passed many
nations to come to the Ombrikous, there they established a town and
occupied the territory as far as they could.

Then, instead [of] Ludôn they were called by a new name, after the
king and kin, that lead them, on this they are called or use the name
Tursênous.

Traditional Rendering
[2] And, according to what they themselves say, the games now in use
among them and the Greeks were invented by the Lydians: these, they
say, were invented among them at the time when they colonized
Tyrrhenia. This is their story:

[3] In the reign of Atys son of Manes there was great scarcity of
food in all Lydia. For a while the Lydians bore this with what
patience they could; presently, when the famine did not abate, they
looked for remedies, and different plans were devised by different
men. Then it was that they invented the games of dice and knuckle-
bones and ball and all other forms of game except dice, which the
Lydians do not claim to have discovered.

[4] Then, using their discovery to lighten the famine, every other
day they would play for the whole day, so that they would not have to
look for food, and the next day they quit their play and ate. This
was their way of life for eighteen years.

[5] But the famine did not cease to trouble them, and instead
afflicted them even more. At last their king divided the people into
two groups, and made them draw lots, so that the one group should
remain and the other leave the country; he himself was to be the head
of those who drew the lot to remain there, and his son, whose name
was Tyrrhenus, of those who departed.

[6] Then the one group, having drawn the lot, left the country and
came down to Smyrna and built ships, in which they loaded all their
goods that could be transported aboard ship, and sailed away to seek
a livelihood and a country; until at last, after sojourning with one
people after another, they came to the Ombrici, where they founded
cities and have lived ever since.


JS Crary