Messages 7100-9652 and 14000-18238 are indexed here. See Unindexed Messages for exceptions.
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|
English Gloss |
PIE Root |
Other Form |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
|
'b' |
|
buky (OCS) |
|
|
Bacaudae |
|
(Gaulish?) |
|
|
bad |
|
drrInU (Slavonic, = bad) |
|
|
badger |
|
barsuk (Russian) , borsuk (Polish) |
|
|
bald |
|
kalwaz (Germanic, = bald) |
|
|
bald |
|
chel (Romanian, = bald) |
|
|
|
|
golU (Slavonic, = bald) |
|
|
bank |
h2a(:)ba- |
|
|
|
bank, coast |
|
o:br- (Germanic) |
|
|
baptism |
|
chrzest (Polish) |
|
|
barberry |
|
dr?cila (Romanian) |
|
|
Bardhyl- |
|
Bardhyl- (Illyrian) |
|
|
bark (woof) |
|
ka()uR (Proto-Oceanic) |
|
|
barley |
bHors |
|
|
|
base |
bHudHm(e)n- |
|
|
|
base |
bHeudH |
podea (Romanian, = ground) |
|
|
basket |
kWaslo-, kWasyo- |
|
|
|
basket |
kWaslo-, kWasyo- |
coº (Romanian) |
|
|
basket |
kWaslo-, kWasyo- |
kosh (Albanian) |
|
|
bat |
|
pipistrello (Italian) |
|
|
bat |
nekWtopeto:r |
netopyrI |
|
|
be |
|
izan (Basque) |
|
|
be |
|
egon (Basque) |
|
|
be |
bHeuh2 |
|
|
|
be |
bHeuh2 |
a fi (Romanian) |
|
|
be |
bHeuh2 |
fost (Romanian, = been) |
|
|
be |
h1es |
sânt (Romanian, = they are) |
15017 , 15019 , 15023 , 15024 , 15031 , 15033 , 15037 , 15041 , 15045 , 16967 , 16968 |
|
be |
h1es |
|
|
|
be |
h1es |
esse (Latin, = be) |
|
|
be bright |
k^wei- |
svetU (Old Church Slavonic, = world, light) |
|
|
be sticky |
leip- |
laibjan, li:ban (Germanic) |
|
|
be strong, lively |
weg^ |
wak- (Germanic, = be awake, watch) |
|
|
be strong, lively |
weg^ |
wako: (Germanic, = hole/channel in ice) |
|
|
beam |
wank^- |
|
|
|
bear |
artkos |
|
|
|
bear offspsring |
seuh- |
|
|
|
bear offspring |
seuh- |
sunu (PIE, = son) |
|
|
bear offspring |
seuh- |
suhnu (PIE, = son) |
|
|
beard |
bHardHah2 |
|
|
|
beard |
bHardHah2 |
barba (Latin) |
|
|
beard |
bHardHah2 |
bard-o:, -on (Germanic, = axe) |
|
|
beard |
bHardHah2 |
barf (Welsh) |
|
|
beard |
bHardHah2 |
farfécchje (Southern Italian, = moustaches) |
|
|
beautiful |
|
mulch (Etruscan) |
|
|
beautiful |
|
pulcher (Latin) |
|
|
beaver |
|
afanc (Welsh) |
|
|
beaver |
|
breb (Romanain) |
|
|
beaver |
|
kasto:r (Greek) |
|
|
beaver |
bHebHru |
|
15161 , 15197 , 15202 , 15213 , 15226 , 15229 , 15265 , 15273 , 15274 , 15340 , 15349 , 15350 |
|
beaver |
|
majaka (Proto-Finnic-Permian) |
|
|
become |
|
deveni (Romanian) |
|
|
bed |
|
baðjam (Germanic) |
|
|
bed |
|
pat (Romanian) |
|
|
bee |
|
meks^i (Proto-Finno-Ugrian) |
|
|
beer |
|
(Germanic) |
|
|
beer |
|
bru:tos (Greek) |
|
|
beer |
|
piar (Greek, =?) |
|
|
beer |
|
zut(h)os (Greek) |
|
|
beer |
h2alut- |
|
|
|
belt |
|
chingä (Romanian) |
|
|
belt, string |
|
baiera (Romanian) |
|
|
bend |
gen |
ngni (PIE, = fire) |
|
|
bend |
wei- |
|
|
|
bend |
pandos |
|
|
|
best |
|
aristos (Greek, = best) |
|
|
Bevan |
|
Bevan (English) |
|
|
Bezmer |
|
(Proto-Bulgarian) |
|
|
bid |
gHWedH- |
|
|
|
big |
|
micel (Old English) |
|
|
big |
|
megen (Danish) |
|
|
big |
meg- |
mech (Etruscan, = five) |
|
|
big river |
d(a)h2nu- |
|
|
|
|
|
verdhe (Albanian, = yellow) |
|
|
bigger, become |
werdH |
verde (Romance, = green) |
|
|
green |
werdH |
wird- (Celtic, = green) |
|
|
bind (?) |
mregH |
braige, braga (Middle Irish, = captive) |
|
|
bind (?) |
mregH |
bregdan (Old English, Old Saxon, = plait) |
|
|
bind (?) |
mregH |
brokhós (Greek, = ?) |
|
|
bind (?) |
mregH |
mre^z^a (OCS, = Netz, Schlinge) |
|
|
birch sap |
sula |
|
|
|
bird |
(s)h2woyh1 |
(s)h2wi- (PIE) |
|
|
bird |
(s)h2woyh1 |
|
|
|
bird |
|
luntA (Proto-Finno-Ugrian, = bird, goose) |
|
|
bird sound |
krak/ kra:k |
|
|
|
bishop |
|
bishop (English) |
|
|
bison, wild bull |
bHel- |
bolinthos (Thracian) |
|
|
tooth |
g^ombH- |
zoNbrU (Slavonic, = bison) |
|
|
tooth |
g^ombH- |
iz'ubr' (Russian (dial.), = deer) |
|
|
|
|
sumbrs, su(:)brs (Latvian, = bison) |
|
|
|
|
stum~bras (Lithuanian, = bison) |
|
|
bison |
|
zombros (Greek, Thracian?, = bison) |
|
|
push |
|
stu~mti (Lithuanian, = push) |
|
|
bite |
|
brauðam (Proto-Germanic, = bread) |
|
|
bite |
|
morde:re (Latin) |
|
|
bite |
denk- |
dn.g^Huh2 (PIE, = tongue) |
|
|
black |
|
swart- (Germanic) |
|
|
black |
|
melas (Greek) |
|
|
black |
|
(English) |
|
|
|
|
negurâ (Romanian) |
|
|
black (?) |
worn- |
varn.a (Sanskrit, = cloak, dye, ink) |
|
|
|
|
varnish (English) |
|
|
|
|
vara (Sanskrit, = choice) |
|
|
blaze (horse) |
|
blis (Danish) |
|
|
bleed |
kreuh2- |
|
|
|
bleed |
kreuh2- |
krau~jas (Lithuanian, = blood) |
|
|
bleed |
kreuh2- |
krew (Polish, = blood) |
|
|
blind |
kaiko- |
|
|
|
blind |
kaiko- |
ceacâr (Romanian, = various eye anomalies) |
|
|
blink |
|
blech (German, = tin) |
|
|
blood |
|
haima (Greek) |
|
|
blood |
h1esh2r- |
|
|
|
blood |
h1esh2r- |
sanguis (Latin) |
|
|
blood |
h1esh2r |
sîngera (Romanian, = bleed (TBC)) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
|
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
huwant- Hittite, = wind) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
ve^trU (Slavonic, = wind) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
winds (Gothic, = wind) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
ventus (Latin, = wind) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
vati (Sanskrit, = wind - check!) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
vant (Sanskrit, = wind) |
|
|
blow (wind) |
h2weh1- |
afeni (Greek, = wind) |
|
|
blow, swell |
bHle- |
|
|
|
butterfly |
|
flutur (Romanian, Albanian = butterfly) |
|
|
pipe |
|
fluier (Romanian, = pipe) |
|
|
pipe |
|
flue (English) |
|
|
blow wind |
pezd- |
|
|
|
blow wind |
perd- |
|
17203 , 17207 , 17209 , 17224 , 17227 , 17228 , 17229 , 17230 , 17231 , 17235 , 17238 , 17243 , 17244 |
|
bluish, livid |
bHle:w-a: |
molibos, molubdos (Greek) |
|
|
bluish, livid |
bHli:w-a: |
Blei (German, = lead) |
|
|
board |
|
deska (Polish) |
|
|
body |
krep- |
|
|
|
boil, foam, splash |
bHerh1, bHreh1 |
|
|
|
boil, foam, splash |
bHreh1 |
babrati (Slavonic, = splash) |
|
|
boil |
|
s^eg~6 (Sumerian, = boil) |
|
|
boil |
seu |
|
|
|
boil |
seud, swed |
|
|
|
boil |
swed |
swad (Polish, = ''Brandgeruch") |
|
|
bone |
h2osth2i- |
|
|
|
bone |
h2ostrk- |
|
|
|
bone |
kosth2i- |
|
|
|
Borna |
|
(Croatian) |
|
|
Brana |
|
(Var. Slavonic) |
|
|
Branko |
|
(South Slavic) |
|
|
defend |
|
broniti (Slavonic, = defend) |
|
|
boss |
|
(English) |
|
|
boundary? |
seidH- |
|
|
|
boy |
|
ba:iat (Romanian) |
|
|
boy |
|
boy (English) |
|
|
boy |
|
fa:t (Romanian) |
|
|
boy |
|
paîs (Greek) |
|
|
boy |
|
puer (Latin) |
|
|
brain |
mregH-ono- |
brain (English) |
16379 , 16382 , 16383 , 16390 , 16391 , 16405 , 16413 , 16427 |
|
brain, forehead, mind, spirit |
mrég^H-mon- |
bháhman- (Sanskirt, = brahmin) |
|
|
brain, forehead, mind, spirit |
mrég^H-mon- |
brékhma, brégma (Greek, = forehead) |
|
|
branch |
h3es |
|
|
|
branch |
k^ank- |
hanhan (Germanic, = hang) |
|
|
bread |
|
khleb (Russian) |
|
|
bread |
kleip- |
xlaibaz (Germanic) |
|
|
break |
bHe(n)g- |
bocht (Irish, = poor) |
|
|
breath |
|
dech (Polish) |
|
|
breath |
han |
an (Sanskrit, = breathe, blow, live) |
|
|
brew |
|
bragu (Welsh) |
|
|
brew |
bHre(:)wr |
|
|
|
bride, young |
meri-, meru- |
bru:diz (Germanic, = bride) |
16282 , 16291 , 16306 , 16321 , 16330 , 16338 , 16342 , 16378 |
|
bridge |
|
(English) |
|
|
bright |
h2arg^- |
|
|
|
bright |
h2arg^- |
argia (Basque, = light) |
|
|
bright |
h2arg^- |
arguros (Greek, = silver) |
|
|
bright |
h2arg^- |
arjuna (Sanskrit, = white) |
|
|
brine |
|
muria (Latin) |
|
|
brine |
|
salamoura (Greek) |
|
|
brine |
|
saramoura (Romanian) |
|
|
carry |
bHer |
bHrah2ter- (PIE, = brother) |
|
|
brother |
bHrah2ter- |
|
|
|
bother |
bHrah2ter- |
deartháir |
|
|
brother |
|
ruva (Etruscan) |
|
|
brother |
|
axWe ('Indo-Tyrrhenian') |
|
|
brother |
|
adelphos (Greek) |
|
|
brother, kinsman |
|
ah. (Semitic) |
|
|
brother-in-law (sister's husband) |
g^lo:u |
|
|
|
brother-in-law |
deh2iwer- |
|
|
|
brother-in-law |
|
Schwäger (German, = brother-in-law) |
|
|
brown |
|
|
|
|
bull |
tauro- |
|
|
|
ox |
sth2euros |
taurus (Latin = bull, Greek tauros = bull) |
|
|
bundle |
sno:pu |
snop (Romanian) |
|
|
Burebista |
|
(Dacian) |
|
|
burn |
a:s |
|
|
|
burn |
azd |
|
|
|
burn |
bHleg- |
|
|
|
burn |
dHegHW |
|
|
|
burst with noise |
|
phlazo: (Greek) |
|
|
but |
|
por (Albanian, = por) |
Web page last updated 15 December 2019. Index last updated 8 August 2003.
Faults may be reported to Richard Wordingham. Broken links and unreadable pages will be dealt with urgently. Indexing errors have much lower priority. Before reporting omissions, please check that the message is not listed in the list of Unindexed Messages.